Community ChoicesCommunity Choices::

Warren County, OHWarren County, OH

TodayToday’’s Topicss Topics

Why OKI has to consider land use in Why OKI has to consider land use in transportation planning transportation planning OKIOKI’’ss Strategic Regional Policy PlanStrategic Regional Policy PlanRegional and County TrendsRegional and County TrendsCommunity Choices: Altering the TrendCommunity Choices: Altering the Trend

Tools and TechniquesTools and TechniquesQuestionsQuestions

On the HorizonOn the Horizon……Transportation Costs vs. RevenuesTransportation Costs vs. Revenues

Transportation Needs Shortfall

3.23.33.43.53.6

2010 2020 2030

Long Range Plan Year

Bill

ion

$

Federal Transportation LawFederal Transportation Law

ISTEAISTEAIntermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act

TEATEA--2121Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century

SAFETEASAFETEA--LULUSafe, Accountable, Flexible, and Efficient Safe, Accountable, Flexible, and Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for UsersTransportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users

Land Use CommissionLand Use Commission’’s s Mission StatementMission Statement

““Through open dialogue and Through open dialogue and communication with decision makers communication with decision makers and the public, the OKI Commission on and the public, the OKI Commission on Land Use shall develop a strategic Land Use shall develop a strategic regional plan which encourages land use regional plan which encourages land use patterns that promote multimodal travel patterns that promote multimodal travel and the efficient use of land, natural and the efficient use of land, natural resources, and public facilities and resources, and public facilities and services.services.””2010 Transportation Plan, OKI2010 Transportation Plan, OKI

Land Use Commission Land Use Commission ResearchResearch

Existing Land Use Existing Zoning

Transportation and Transportation and Land UseLand Use

Making the connectionMaking the connection

Strategic Regional Policy Plan Strategic Regional Policy Plan PurposePurpose

To bring about more consistency between To bring about more consistency between local land use planning and regional local land use planning and regional transportation planning, so that scarce tax transportation planning, so that scarce tax dollars can be used for maximum benefit.dollars can be used for maximum benefit.

Two Reoccurring ThemesTwo Reoccurring Themes

Recognizing the importance of Recognizing the importance of effective local comprehensive plans.effective local comprehensive plans.

We canWe can’’t continue to afford the t continue to afford the current trends.current trends.

TrendsTrends

Percent Population Change Between 1970 and 2000

-8.7

-0.1

17.0

47.1

56.7

85.2

86.6

162.1

-20.0 0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0 160.0 180.0

Hamilton County, OH

OK

I Cou

ntie

s

Percent

Population ChangePopulation ChangeOKI Region,1970OKI Region,1970--20002000

-13.6

11.8

17.8

21.9

32.1

37.7

113.6

119.4

-30.0 -10.0 10.0 30.0 50.0 70.0 90.0 110.0 130.0

Percent

Hamilton County, OH

Kenton County, KY

Dearborn County, IN

Campbell County, KY

Butler County, OH

Clermont County, OH

Warren County, OH

Boone County, KY

Projected Percent Change Between 2000 and 2030Projected Population Change, OKI Region, 2000Projected Population Change, OKI Region, 2000--20302030

Source: U.S. Census Bureau

Suburban Population vs. Total Suburban Population vs. Total PopulationPopulation

Percent Population Increase

30%

17%

010203040

Total Population Increase Suburban PopulationIncrease

Perc

enta

ge

1970-2000

Source: U.S. Census Bureau

85,5

05

99,2

76 113,

927

158,

383 19

6,62

2

215,

020

276,

250

338,

350

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

1970 1980 1990 2000 2005 2010 2020 2030Total Population

PopulationWarren County, OH

Population & Population ProjectionsPopulation & Population ProjectionsWarren County 1970Warren County 1970--20302030

32%

31%

25%

24%

18%

17%

16%

14%

11%

9%

9%

5%

4%

-4%

-10% -5% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

1

Loveland city

Butlerville village

Pleasant Plain village

Harveysburg village

Franklin city

Carlisle city

Maineville village

Waynesville village

Morrow village

Lebanon city

Corwin village

South Lebanon village

Mason city

Springboro city

Population Change 2000Population Change 2000--20052005Warren County CitiesWarren County Cities

Population Pyramid- 1980-2000

75 to 84 years85 years and over

65 to 74 years60 to 64 years55 to 59 years

45 to 54 years

35 to 44 years25 to 34 years

20 to 24 years15 to 19 years

10 to 14 years5 to 9 yearsUnder 5 years

300,000 200,000 100,000 0 100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000

Population

Age

Coh

ort

Census 2000

Census 1980

Population PyramidPopulation PyramidOKI Region 1980 & 2000OKI Region 1980 & 2000

Population PyramidWarren County 1980-2000

Under 5 years

5 to 9 years

10 to 14 years

15 to 19 years

20 to 24 years

25 to 34 years

35 to 44 years

45 to 54 years

55 to 59 years60 to 64 years65 to 74 years

85 years and over75 to 84 years

35,000 25,000 15,000 5,000 5,000 15,000 25,000 35,000Population

Age

Coh

ort

Census 2000

Census 1980

Population PyramidPopulation PyramidWarren County 1980 & 2000Warren County 1980 & 2000

Regional Development TrendRegional Development TrendSingleSingle--Family Family

Detached Detached Homes PreferredHomes Preferred

Trend has resulted in a 27% decrease in population density

-

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

1.40

1.60

Per A

cre

HamiltonCounty

KentonCounty

Butler County CampbellCounty

ClermontCounty

WarrenCounty

Boone County DearbornCounty

County

Residential Density - OKI CountiesDwelling Unit per Acre

Residential Density Residential Density –– OKI CountiesOKI CountiesDwelling Unit per AcreDwelling Unit per Acre

Average Travel Time to Work

24.4 23.9 22.9 23.0

28.2

23.0 24.1

30.5

-

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

Boone County,Kentucky

CampbellCounty,

Kentucky

Kenton County,Kentucky

DearbornCounty, Indiana

Butler County,Ohio

ClermontCounty, Ohio

HamiltonCounty, Ohio

Warren County,Ohio

County

Perc

ent

Minutes per Person

Average Travel Time to Work By CountyAverage Travel Time to Work By County

Work Counties of Warren County Work Counties of Warren County Residents, 1970Residents, 1970--20002000

OKI Residence Counties of Warren OKI Residence Counties of Warren County Workers, 1970County Workers, 1970--20002000

Means of TransportationMeans of TransportationMeans of Transportation to Work

Warren County, OH 1990

87%

9%

0%

2%

0%

2%

Drove aloneCarpooledPublic transportation:Bicycled or WalkedOther meansWorked at home

Means of Transportation to Work Warren County, OH

2000

86%

9%

1%

1%

0%

3%

Drove aloneCarpooledPublic TransportationWalked or BicycledOther meansWorked at home

4

18

30 30

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Hours

1982 1993 2002 2003Year

Annual Hours of Delay per Traveler

Hours

Annual Hours of Delay per Traveler Annual Hours of Delay per Traveler

Public Facilities and ServicesPublic Facilities and ServicesThe construction of public The construction of public facilities can facilitate facilities can facilitate premature or poorly premature or poorly planned development planned development Are public facilities Are public facilities necessary to maintain necessary to maintain adequate levels of adequate levels of service available when service available when the impacts of the impacts of development occur?development occur?

The timing, location and The timing, location and cost of water, sewer and cost of water, sewer and road facilities have a road facilities have a significant impact on land significant impact on land use patternsuse patternsThe density and intensity The density and intensity of land development is of land development is influenced by the influenced by the availability and adequacy availability and adequacy of these services. of these services. It costs more to retrofit or It costs more to retrofit or expand infrastructure expand infrastructure than to provide it for well than to provide it for well planned neighborhoods planned neighborhoods as they develop. as they develop.

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

1970 1980 1990 2000

Finance, insurance, and real estate Government and government enterprises Manufacturing Retail trade Services

Employment by IndustryEmployment by IndustryWarren County 1970Warren County 1970--20002000

The Big The Big Picture(sPicture(s))

Existing Land Use Existing Zoning

Community Choices…helping communities decidehelping communities decide

Altering the TrendAltering the Trend

Tools and TechniquesTools and Techniques

Recent Planning ActivitiesRecent Planning Activities

Comprehensive Plan Comprehensive Plan updatesupdatesGrowth Management Growth Management StrategiesStrategiesWarren County 2020 Land Warren County 2020 Land Use Plan & Goals and Use Plan & Goals and Objectives Objectives Zoning Code UpdatesZoning Code Updates

Planning IssuesPlanning IssuesLong Range PlanningLong Range PlanningLinking plans to capital budgeting Linking plans to capital budgeting –– funding for infrastructurefunding for infrastructureEconomic developmentEconomic developmentThe role of government in The role of government in developmentdevelopmentLiving at the scale of theLiving at the scale of theregionregion

Successful Successful Comprehensive PlansComprehensive Plans“If you don't know where you are

going, you will wind up somewhere else.”

~Yogi Berra

Value of a Comprehensive Plan:Provides for residential densities & commercial Provides for residential densities & commercial intensities.intensities.Provides for timing and location of development & Provides for timing and location of development & redevelopment redevelopment -- Timing matters!Timing matters!Helps avoid lawsuits by providing a basis for Helps avoid lawsuits by providing a basis for zoning.zoning.Vehicle for intergovernmental coordination. Vehicle for intergovernmental coordination. Helps determine local infrastructure deficiencies & Helps determine local infrastructure deficiencies & future needs future needs –– is a vehicle to track various levels is a vehicle to track various levels of service.of service.Ties planning to capital budgeting.Ties planning to capital budgeting.Can save money for jurisdiction and region.Can save money for jurisdiction and region.Potential for five points in OKI transportation Potential for five points in OKI transportation prioritization process.prioritization process.

Transportation ElementTransportation ElementHousing ElementHousing ElementPublic Facilities and Services ElementPublic Facilities and Services ElementNatural Systems ElementNatural Systems ElementEconomic Development ElementEconomic Development ElementIntergovernmental Coordination ElementIntergovernmental Coordination ElementCapital Improvements ElementCapital Improvements ElementFuture Land Use ElementFuture Land Use Element

Comprehensive Plan ContentsComprehensive Plan Contents

Public Input

Process Design

Data Collection/Inventory

Analysis of Trends

Goals, Objectives, Policies

Level of Service, as approp.

Implementation

Monitoring and Evaluation

“Nothing is particularly hard

if you divide it into small jobs.”

~Henry Ford

Level of Service StandardsLevel of Service StandardsVital component of different elements Vital component of different elements Establishes a mechanism to ensure that public Establishes a mechanism to ensure that public facilities are in place when impact of future facilities are in place when impact of future development occursdevelopment occursConditions development orders or permits Conditions development orders or permits upon the availability of public facilitiesupon the availability of public facilitiesPhase developments or phase construction of Phase developments or phase construction of public facilitiespublic facilities

Goals, Objectives and PoliciesGoals, Objectives and Policies

Goals:Goals: long term visionlong term vision

Objectives:Objectives: intermediate qualitative intermediate qualitative directiondirection

Policies: Policies: measurable shortmeasurable short--term actionsterm actions

Intergovernmental Coordination Intergovernmental Coordination ElementElement

Identifies Identifies adjacent governments, adjacent governments, school boards, independent special school boards, independent special districts, regional planning districts, regional planning agencies, state agencies and agencies, state agencies and others and methods for others and methods for coordination.coordination.Identifies Identifies incompatibilities with incompatibilities with adjacent governmentsadjacent governments’’ or regional or regional and state agency plans.and state agency plans.Strengthen coordination efforts with Strengthen coordination efforts with neighboring governments and neighboring governments and agencies.agencies.

Capital Improvements Capital Improvements ElementElement

Links planning to capital Links planning to capital budgetingbudgetingIdentifies future capital Identifies future capital projects based on identified projects based on identified needs of other needs of other comprehensive plan comprehensive plan elementselementsAddresses what, where, Addresses what, where, when, and costwhen, and cost

Land Use ElementLand Use Element

Identifies the trends, Identifies the trends, deficiencies, and deficiencies, and future needs future needs Brings together the Brings together the goals, objectives and goals, objectives and policies of the other policies of the other plan elements plan elements Depicts them on a Depicts them on a mapmap

Model Plan GuidelinesModel Plan Guidelines

Elements of an Effective Elements of an Effective Local Comprehensive Plan Local Comprehensive Plan

Minimum Elements of a Minimum Elements of a Local Comprehensive Plan Local Comprehensive Plan (Summary) (Summary)

Making the Most of Limited Making the Most of Limited Taxpayer Dollars Taxpayer Dollars

OKIOKI’’s Transportation Prioritization s Transportation Prioritization ProcessProcess

The Transportation Improvement Program is The Transportation Improvement Program is the shortthe short--range portion of the regionrange portion of the region’’s Long s Long Range Transportation Plan.Range Transportation Plan.

The TIP is a program of publicly funded The TIP is a program of publicly funded transportation improvements for the OKI transportation improvements for the OKI region.region.

OKI produces the TIP on a biennial basis, OKI produces the TIP on a biennial basis, each edition covers a period of four years. each edition covers a period of four years.

Evaluation ProcessEvaluation ProcessProjects separatedProjects separated——Highway & transit Highway & transit Projects scored for Projects scored for TransportationTransportation FactorsFactors(separate highway & transit factors)(separate highway & transit factors)Projects scored for Projects scored for PlanningPlanning FactorsFactorsTransportation Factors & Planning Factors Transportation Factors & Planning Factors totaled; rudimentary Benefit/Cost Analysis totaled; rudimentary Benefit/Cost Analysis completed.completed.Considered factors also include safety, LOS, Considered factors also include safety, LOS, environmental justice, matching local funds, environmental justice, matching local funds, travel modes travel modes and now……

OKIOKI’’s Transportation Prioritization s Transportation Prioritization ProcessProcess

A New Land Use Conformance FactorA New Land Use Conformance FactorIs the project consistent with (further and Is the project consistent with (further and implement) the jurisdictions comprehensive implement) the jurisdictions comprehensive plan?plan?

5 points - Land Use Consistent--comprehensive plan complete & current 3 points - Conformance Consistent--comprehensive plan needs improvement 0 points - Inconsistent--no comprehensive plan

Sample Ordinances Sample Ordinances & Resource Documents& Resource Documents

Access ManagementAccess ManagementConcurrencyConcurrencyConservation Conservation SubdivisionsSubdivisionsDesign StandardsDesign StandardsFloodplainsFloodplainsFiscal ImpactsFiscal ImpactsForestryForestryGreen BuildingGreen BuildingLiveLive--Work DevelopmentWork DevelopmentLow Impact DevelopmentLow Impact Development

Traditional Neighborhood Traditional Neighborhood DevelopmentDevelopmentMixed Income HousingMixed Income HousingTransitTransitWorkforce HousingWorkforce HousingFreightFreightFirst SuburbsFirst SuburbsFarmlandFarmlandStormwater ManagementStormwater Management

……and moreand more

Community Choices:Community Choices: Example Example Ordinances Ordinances

Adequate Public FacilitiesAdequate Public FacilitiesInfillInfillConnectivityConnectivityTransit Friendly DevelopmentTransit Friendly DevelopmentBicycle and Pedestrian ConnectionsBicycle and Pedestrian ConnectionsCorridor RedevelopmentCorridor RedevelopmentMixed Use DevelopmentMixed Use DevelopmentLarge Scale RetailLarge Scale Retail

Fiscal Impact Analysis ModelFiscal Impact Analysis ModelMeasure the fiscal impact of a Measure the fiscal impact of a development or a land use scenario on the development or a land use scenario on the costs and revenuescosts and revenues of the governmental of the governmental unit(s) serving the development.unit(s) serving the development.Useful for analyzing the Useful for analyzing the financial financial implicationsimplications of alternative land use plans, of alternative land use plans, small area plans, large annexations, buildsmall area plans, large annexations, build--out scenarios, large rezoning and planned out scenarios, large rezoning and planned unit developments.unit developments.

Fiscal Impact Analysis ModelFiscal Impact Analysis ModelFloridaFlorida’’s models model

Compares fiscal implications of alternative Compares fiscal implications of alternative land use scenarios. land use scenarios. Estimates cost/revenue associated with land Estimates cost/revenue associated with land use decisions. use decisions. Focuses on a variety of public facilities and Focuses on a variety of public facilities and services.services.Is locationIs location--sensitive.sensitive.Provides linkage between land use decision Provides linkage between land use decision making and local budgets.making and local budgets.

Summary of ToolsSummary of Tools

Transportation Prioritization Process Transportation Prioritization Process ––Land Use Conformance FactorLand Use Conformance FactorModel Plan GuidelinesModel Plan GuidelinesSample Ordinances & Resource Sample Ordinances & Resource DocumentsDocumentsExample OrdinancesExample OrdinancesFiscal Impact Analysis ModelFiscal Impact Analysis Model

Analysis Models Analysis Models

Other Scenario ModelsOther Scenario ModelsCITYgreeniTreeCommunityVizINDEXArcGIS Network Analyst

OKI VisualizationOKI VisualizationGIS/3D Fly GIS/3D Fly ThroughThrough3D Visualization 3D Visualization Traffic SimulationTraffic Simulation