community chemistry final exam review 12011.gugs
TRANSCRIPT
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2011.GUGS 1
COMMUNITY CHEMISTRY
FINAL EXAM REVIEW
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2011.GUGS 2
FINAL EXAM REVIEW TOPICS1. LAB SAFETY2. SCIENTIFIC METHOD3. METRICS4. DENSITY5. WATER & THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE6. ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE7. NAMING IONIC COMPOUNDS8. PROPERTIES OF IONIC VS. MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS9. SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY /POLAR VS. NON POLAR
MOLECULES10. pH
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2011.GUGS 3
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
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2011.GUGS 4
LAB SAFETY: procedures & equipmentList 3 types of safety apparel & explain why they
are used:
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2011.GUGS 5
LAB SAFETY: procedures & equipmentList 3 types of safety apparel & explain why they
are used:1. Goggles: protect eyes2. Aprons: protect clothing3. Gloves: protect hands
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2011.GUGS 6
LAB SAFETY: procedures & equipmentList 3 safety RULES & explain why they are
enforced:
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2011.GUGS 7
LAB SAFETY: procedures & equipmentList 3 safety RULES & explain why they are
enforced: possible answers1. Tie back long hair: won’t catch fire.2. Cover feet & legs: to protect from chemical
splashing/spills & broken glass.3. Know the procedure: to prevent unsafe errors.4. Remove dangling jewelry: can get caught on
things.5. Dispose of chemical wastes as directed: some
chemicals can be pollutants.
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2011.GUGS 8
LAB SAFETY: EPA, OSHA & MSDSWhat is the EPA & what is it’s purpose?
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2011.GUGS 9
LAB SAFETY: EPA, OSHA & MSDSWhat is the EPA & what is it’s purpose?
EPA stands for Environmental Protection Agency.
It is a U. S. government agency protects human health and the environment
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2011.GUGS 10
LAB SAFETY: EPA, OSHA & MSDSWhat is OSHA & what is it’s purpose?
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2011.GUGS 11
LAB SAFETY: EPA, OSHA & MSDSWhat is OSHA & what is it’s purpose?
OSHA is the Occupational Health and Safety Administration.
Its mission is to prevent work-related injuries, illnesses, and occupational fatality by issuing and enforcing standards for workplace safety and health.
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2011.GUGS 12
LAB SAFETY: EPA, OSHA & MSDSWHAT DO THE LETTERS MSDS MEAN?
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2011.GUGS 13
LAB SAFETY: EPA, OSHA & MSDSWHAT DO THE LETTERS MSDS MEAN?
MSDS stands for material safety data sheet .
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2011.GUGS 14
LAB SAFETY: EPA, OSHA & MSDSWHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF MSDS?
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2011.GUGS 15
LAB SAFETY: EPA, OSHA & MSDSWHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF MSDS?
Material safety data sheet (MSDS) is a form with data regarding the properties of a particular substance. An important component of handling or working with a substance in a safe manner.
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2011.GUGS 16
LAB SAFETY: EPA, OSHA & MSDSWHAT IS LD 50?
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2011.GUGS 17
LAB SAFETY: EPA, OSHA & MSDSWHAT IS LD 50?
The LD50 is the dose that kills half (50%) of the animals tested (LD = "lethal dose"). The animals are usually rats or mice, although rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, and so on are sometimes used.
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2011.GUGS 18
LAB SAFETY: EPA, OSHA & MSDSUsing an actual MSDS, provide the
following information:1. Name of substance: _____________2. Chemical formula: _______________3. Boiling Point: ___________________4. LD-50: _________________________
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2011.GUGS 19
Scientific MethodList the steps in the Scientific Method:
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2011.GUGS 20
Scientific MethodList the steps in the Scientific Method:1. State the problem (with variables).2. Form hypothesis.3. Develop an experimental design that has a
control.4. Gather data (perform experiment).5. Analyze data & FORM CONCLUSIONS.6. Evaluate the validity of the experiment.
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2011.GUGS 21
Scientific MethodWHAT IS THE EXPERIMENTAL CONTROL?
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2011.GUGS 22
Scientific MethodWHAT IS THE EXPERIMENTAL CONTROL?
A sample in which a factor whose effect is being estimated is absent or is held constant, in order to provide a comparison.
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2011.GUGS 23
Scientific MethodCOMPARE THE DEPENDENT & INDEPENDENT
VARIABLES.
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2011.GUGS 24
Scientific MethodCOMPARE THE DEPENDENT & INDEPENDENT
VARIABLES.
The independent variable is the variable being manipulated/changed.
The dependent variable is what you measure in the experiment and what is affected during the experiment.
The dependent variable responds to the independent variable.
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2011.GUGS 25
Scientific MethodChoose the arrow on the graduated cylinder to
show where the volume reading should be correctly read.
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2011.GUGS 26
Scientific MethodChoose the arrow on the graduated cylinder to
show where the volume reading should be correctly read.
***************
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2011.GUGS 27
THE METRIC SYSTEMCOMPLETE THE FOLLOWING TABLE.Measurement Metric Unit1. Length2. Mass3. Volume4. Time
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2011.GUGS 28
THE METRIC SYSTEMCOMPLETE THE FOLLOWING TABLE.
Measurement Metric Unit1. Length M-meter2. Mass g-gram3. Volume L-liter4. Time s-seconds
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2011.GUGS 29
THE METRIC SYSTEMCOMPLETE THE FOLLOWING TABLE.Prefix Value
(decimal/fraction)1. Milli2. Kilo3. Deci4. Centi
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2011.GUGS 30
THE METRIC SYSTEMCOMPLETE THE FOLLOWING TABLE.Prefix Value
(decimal/fraction)1. Milli 1/1000 or 0.0012. Kilo 10003. Deci 1/10 or 0.14. Centi 1/100 or 0.01
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2011.GUGS 31
DENSITYSTATE THE FORMULA FOR DENSITY.
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2011.GUGS 32
DENSITYSTATE THE FORMULA FOR DENSITY.
Density is mass divided by volume:
D = m/V
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2011.GUGS 33
DENSITYCalculate the density of an object
that has a mass of 7.0 g and a volume of 3.5 mL.
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2011.GUGS 34
DENSITYCalculate the density of an object
that has a mass of 7.0 g and a volume of 3.5 mL.
D = m / VD = 7.0 g / 3.5 mLD = 2 g / mL
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2011.GUGS 35
DENSITY
WHICH IS MORE DENSE THAN WATER?
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2011.GUGS 36
DENSITYWHICH IS MORE DENSE THAN WATER?
Soda Can Sinks: MORE DENSE THAN WATER!
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2011.GUGS 37
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
There are approximately elements.
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2011.GUGS 38
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
There are approximately 114 elements.
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2011.GUGS 39
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
The 3 major types of elements are:
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2011.GUGS 40
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
The 3 major types of elements are:Metal, nonmetals, & metalloids.
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2011.GUGS 41
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
List 3 properties of metals.
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2011.GUGS 42
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
List 3 properties of metals.1. Ductile (can be made into wire)2. Malleable (can be shaped)3. Good heat & electricity
conductors
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2011.GUGS 43
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
What does the number35 represent?
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2011.GUGS 44
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
What does the number35 represent?Atomic number
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2011.GUGS 45
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
What do theletters Brrepresent?
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2011.GUGS 46
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
What do theletters Brrepresent?The chemicalsymbol of theelement.
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2011.GUGS 47
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
What does the number79.90 represent?
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2011.GUGS 48
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
What does the number79.90 represent?Atomic mass
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2011.GUGS 49
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
In the periodic table, families are arranged in ____________.
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2011.GUGS 50
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
In the periodic table, families are arranged in vertical columns.
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2011.GUGS 51
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
In the periodic table, periods are arranged in .
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2011.GUGS 52
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
In the periodic table, periods are arranged in horizontal rows.
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2011.GUGS 53
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
In the periodic table, there are periods.
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2011.GUGS 54
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
In the periodic table, there are 7 periods.
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2011.GUGS 55
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
In the periodic table, there are families.
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2011.GUGS 56
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
In the periodic table, there are 18 families.
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2011.GUGS 57
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
The chemical properties of an element relate most closely to the element’s
.
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2011.GUGS 58
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
The chemical properties of an element relate most closely to the element’s
electronic structure.
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2011.GUGS 59
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the table:
Group Family Name
12
1718
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2011.GUGS 60
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the table:
Group Family Name
1 Alkali metals2
1718
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2011.GUGS 61
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the table:
Group Family Name
1 Alkali metals2 Alkaline earth metals
1718
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2011.GUGS 62
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the table:
Group Family Name
1 Alkali metals2 Alkaline earth metals
17 Halogens18
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2011.GUGS 63
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the table:
Group Family Name
1 Alkali metals2 Alkaline earth metals
17 Halogens18 Noble gases
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2011.GUGS 64
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the table:
Element Family Name
LiBaI
Ne
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2011.GUGS 65
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the table:
Element Family Name
Li Alkali metalsBa Alkaline earth metalsI Halogens
Ne Noble gases
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2011.GUGS 66
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
An element’s identity is based on it’s ________.
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2011.GUGS 67
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
An element’s identity is based on it’s atomic number.
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2011.GUGS 68
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Identify the element which has an atomic number of 6.
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2011.GUGS 69
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Identify the element which has an atomic number of 6.
Carbon.
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2011.GUGS 70
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Identify the element which has an atomic number of 16.
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2011.GUGS 71
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Identify the element which has an atomic number of 16.
Sulfur.
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2011.GUGS 72
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Identify the element that has the symbol Fe.
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2011.GUGS 73
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Identify the element that has the symbol Fe.
Iron.
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2011.GUGS 74
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Identify the element that has the symbol K.
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2011.GUGS 75
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Identify the element that has the symbol K.
Potassium.
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2011.GUGS 76
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the table:Isotope Atomic
#Mass
## of
protons# of
neutrons
# of electrons
charge
L 34 30 36M 80 35 -1
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2011.GUGS 77
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the table:Isotope Atomic
#Mass
## of
protons# of
neutrons
# of electrons
charge
L 34 34 30 36M 80 35 -1
![Page 78: COMMUNITY CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM REVIEW 12011.GUGS](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102613/551b7ebb550346d6338b5578/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
2011.GUGS 78
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the table:Isotope Atomic
#Mass
## of
protons# of
neutrons
# of electrons
charge
L 34 34 + 30 = 64
34 30 36
M 80 35 -1
![Page 79: COMMUNITY CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM REVIEW 12011.GUGS](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102613/551b7ebb550346d6338b5578/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
2011.GUGS 79
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the table:Isotope Atomic
#Mass
## of
protons# of
neutrons
# of electrons
charge
L 34 34 + 30 = 64
34 30 36 34-36 =
-2M 80 35 -1
![Page 80: COMMUNITY CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM REVIEW 12011.GUGS](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102613/551b7ebb550346d6338b5578/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
2011.GUGS 80
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the table:Isotope Atomic
#Mass
## of
protons# of
neutrons
# of electrons
charge
L 34 34 + 30 = 64
34 30 36 34-36 =
-2M 35 80 35 -1
![Page 81: COMMUNITY CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM REVIEW 12011.GUGS](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102613/551b7ebb550346d6338b5578/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
2011.GUGS 81
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the table:Isotope Atomic
#Mass
## of
protons# of
neutrons
# of electrons
charge
L 34 34 + 30 = 64
34 30 36 34-36 =
-2M 35 80 35 80-35 =
45-1
![Page 82: COMMUNITY CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM REVIEW 12011.GUGS](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102613/551b7ebb550346d6338b5578/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
2011.GUGS 82
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the table:Isotope Atomic
#Mass
## of
protons# of
neutrons
# of electrons
charge
L 34 34 + 30 = 64
34 30 36 34-36 =
-2M 35 80 35 80-35 =
4535 + 1 = 36
-1
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2011.GUGS 83
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the table:Atom Metal or
Nonmetal?Cation or Anion?
Gains or loses electrons?
# of electrons gained or lost
Ion formed
Sodium, Na Na +
Sulfur, S S 2-
Magnesium, Mg
Mg 2+
Aluminum, Al
Al 3+
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2011.GUGS 84
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the table:Atom Metal or
Nonmetal?Cation or Anion?
Gains or loses electrons?
# of electrons gained or lost
Ion formed
Sodium, Na Metal Cation Loses 1 lost Na +
Sulfur, S S 2-
Magnesium, Mg
Mg 2+
Aluminum, Al
Al 3+
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2011.GUGS 85
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the table:Atom Metal or
Nonmetal?Cation or Anion?
Gains or loses electrons?
# of electrons gained or lost
Ion formed
Sodium, Na Metal Cation Loses 1 lost Na +
Sulfur, S Nonmetal Anion Gains 2 gained S 2-
Magnesium, Mg
Mg 2+
Aluminum, Al
Al 3+
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2011.GUGS 86
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the table:Atom Metal or
Nonmetal?Cation or Anion?
Gains or loses electrons?
# of electrons gained or lost
Ion formed
Sodium, Na Metal Cation Loses 1 lost Na +
Sulfur, S Nonmetal Anion Gains 2 gained S 2-
Magnesium, Mg
Metal Cation Loses 2 lost Mg 2+
Aluminum, Al
Al 3+
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2011.GUGS 87
ELEMENTS & USING THE PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the table:Atom Metal or
Nonmetal?Cation or Anion?
Gains or loses electrons?
# of electrons gained or lost
Ion formed
Sodium, Na Metal Cation Loses 1 lost Na +
Sulfur, S Nonmetal Anion Gains 2 gained S 2-
Magnesium, Mg
Metal Cation Loses 2 lost Mg 2+
Aluminum, Al
Metal Cation Loses 3 lost Al 3+
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2011.GUGS 88
FORMULAS & NAMES OF IONIC COMPOUNDS
Complete the table:Element Cation
formulaElement Anion
formulaCompound formula
Name
Calcium Nitrogen
Sodium Sulfur
Aluminum
Fluorine
![Page 89: COMMUNITY CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM REVIEW 12011.GUGS](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102613/551b7ebb550346d6338b5578/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
2011.GUGS 89
FORMULAS & NAMES OF IONIC COMPOUNDS
Complete the table:Element Cation
formulaElement Anion
formulaCompound formula
Name
Calcium Ca2+ Nitrogen N3- Ca3N2Calcium nitride
Sodium Sulfur
Aluminum
Fluorine
![Page 90: COMMUNITY CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM REVIEW 12011.GUGS](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102613/551b7ebb550346d6338b5578/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
2011.GUGS 90
FORMULAS & NAMES OF IONIC COMPOUNDS
Complete the table:Element Cation
formulaElement Anion
formulaCompound formula
Name
Calcium Ca2+ Nitrogen N3- Ca3N2Calcium nitride
Sodium Na+ Sulfur S- Na2S Sodium sulfide
Aluminum
Fluorine
![Page 91: COMMUNITY CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM REVIEW 12011.GUGS](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102613/551b7ebb550346d6338b5578/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
2011.GUGS 91
FORMULAS & NAMES OF IONIC COMPOUNDS
Complete the table:Element Cation
formulaElement Anion
formulaCmpd formula
Name
Calcium Ca2+ Nitrogen N3- Ca3N2Calcium nitride
Sodium Na+ Sulfur S- Na2S Sodium sulfide
Aluminum
Al3+ Fluorine F- AlF3Aluminum
fluoride
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2011.GUGS 92
FORMULAS & NAMES OF IONIC COMPOUNDS
Write the formula for magnesium hydroxide:
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2011.GUGS 93
FORMULAS & NAMES OF IONIC COMPOUNDS
Write the formula for magnesium hydroxide:Mg(OH)2
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2011.GUGS 94
FORMULAS & NAMES OF IONIC COMPOUNDS
How many oxygen atoms are in the chemical formula Ba3(PO4)2?
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2011.GUGS 95
FORMULAS & NAMES OF IONIC COMPOUNDS
Write the formula for barium phosphate:Ba3(PO4)2
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2011.GUGS 96
FORMULAS & NAMES OF IONIC COMPOUNDS
How many oxygen atoms are in the chemical formula Ba3(PO4)2?
2 X 4 = 8
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2011.GUGS 97
WATER & THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
What is the difference between direct and indirect water use?
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2011.GUGS 98
WATER & THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
What is the difference between direct and indirect water use?
Direct water use is when you turn on a tap and water comes out– for example: Drinking a glass of water/cooking with water, showering.
Indirect water use is when you use a product or service that required water to be used for its production, or water use that you aren't readily aware of, for example: water used in the production of electricity.
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2011.GUGS 99
WATER & THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
List 4 ways you can conserve water:
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2011.GUGS 100
WATER & THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
List 4 ways you can conserve water:
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2011.GUGS 101
WATER & THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
List & describe the processes (steps) in the hydrologic cycle.
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2011.GUGS 102
WATER & THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLEList the processes (steps) in the hydrologic cycle.1. Condensation: when warm air collides with cold air and
droplets form.2. Precipitation: droplets that after being condensed begin
to fall to the earth in the form of rain, sleet, hail, glaze, or snow.
3. Erosion: the movement of soil by wind or water.4. Melting: when a solid changes into a liquid.5. Percolation: the movement of water through the soil.6. Evaporation: The process of liquid water becoming
vapor.
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2011.GUGS 103
The Hydrologic Cycle: Insert the following termsIn the diagram:•Evaporation•Respiration•Transpiration•Precipitation•Runoff•Condensation
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2011.GUGS 104
The Hydrologic Cycle: Insert the following termsIn the diagram:•Evaporation•Respiration•Transpiration•Precipitation•Runoff•Condensation
![Page 105: COMMUNITY CHEMISTRY FINAL EXAM REVIEW 12011.GUGS](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102613/551b7ebb550346d6338b5578/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
2011.GUGS 105
WATER & THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
Huge underground storehouses of water made rock, sand, or gravel are known as ____________.
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2011.GUGS 106
WATER & THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
Huge underground storehouses of water made rock, sand, or gravel are known as aquifers.
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2011.GUGS 107
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITYDefine:1. Solute:
2. Solvent:
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2011.GUGS 108
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITYDefine:1. Solute: A substance dissolved in
another substance, usually the component of a solution present in the lesser amount.
2. Solvent:
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2011.GUGS 109
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITYDefine:1. Solute: A substance dissolved in another
substance, usually the component of a solution present in the lesser amount.
2. Solvent: a substance that dissolves another to form a solution; usually the component of a solution present in the greater amount.
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2011.GUGS 110
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
Define the following:1. Unsaturated2. Saturated3. Supersaturated4. Electrolyte
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2011.GUGS 111
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
Define the following:
1. Unsaturated: a solution that has LESS than the maximum amount of solute.
2. Saturated3. Supersaturated4. Electrolyte
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2011.GUGS 112
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
Define the following:1. Unsaturated: a solution that has LESS than
the maximum amount of solute.
2. Saturated: a solution that has exactly the maximum amount of solute.
3. Supersaturated: 4. Electrolyte:
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2011.GUGS 113
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
Define the following:1. Unsaturated: a solution that has LESS than
the maximum amount of solute.2. Saturated: a solution that has exactly the
maximum amount of solute.
3. Supersaturated: a solution that has MORE than the maximum amount of solute.
4. Electrolyte:
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2011.GUGS 114
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
Define the following:1. Unsaturated: a solution that has LESS than the
maximum amount of solute.2. Saturated: a solution that has exactly the maximum
amount of solute.3. Supersaturated: a solution that has MORE than the
maximum amount of solute.
4. Electrolyte: material containing free ions that can conduct an electrical current. Most electrolytes consist of ions in solution, and they are referred to as ionic solutions.
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2011.GUGS 115
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
If the temperature of a solution with a gaseous solute increases, the solubility ______________.
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2011.GUGS 116
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
If the temperature of a solution with a gaseous solute increases, the solubility decreases.
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2011.GUGS 117
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
If the temperature of a solution with a solids solute increases, the solubility ________________.
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2011.GUGS 118
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
If the temperature of a solution with a solids solute increases, the solubility increases.
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2011.GUGS 119
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
Explain why water is known as the universal solvent.
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2011.GUGS 120
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
Explain why water is known as the universal solvent.
Solutes for the most part are able to dissolve in water with the exception of some solutes like oil.
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2011.GUGS 121
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
Explain what is meant by a polar molecule.Give an example.
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2011.GUGS 122
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
Explain what is meant by a polar molecule.Give an example.A molecule that is positively charged on
one end & negatively charged on the other end.
Water is a polar molecule.
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2011.GUGS 123
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
Explain why water and oil do not mix.
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2011.GUGS 124
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
Explain why water and oil do not mix.Water is polar & oil is non polar.
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2011.GUGS 125
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
Explain how water dissolves ionic compounds.
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2011.GUGS 126
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
Explain how water dissolves ionic compounds.
Polar water molecules attract ions & pull the ionic compound apart.
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2011.GUGS 127
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
COMPLETE THE TABLE:
SOLUTE SOLUBLE IN WATER?
SOLUBLE IN MINERAL
OIL?
POLAR OR NON
POLAR?1 YES NO
2 NO YES
3 YES NO
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2011.GUGS 128
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
COMPLETE THE TABLE:
SOLUTE SOLUBLE IN WATER?
SOLUBLE IN MINERAL
OIL?
POLAR OR NON
POLAR?1 YES NO POLAR
2 NO YES NON POLAR
3 YES NO POLAR
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2011.GUGS 129
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY: PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS
COMPLETE THE TABLE:SOLUTE DISSOLVES
IN WATER?CONDUCTS ELECTRICITY IN WATER?
IONIC OR MOLECULAR
SOLUTE?1 YES NO
2 YES YES
3 NO NO
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2011.GUGS 130
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY: PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS
COMPLETE THE TABLE:SOLUTE DISSOLVES
IN WATER?CONDUCTS ELECTRICITY IN WATER?
IONIC OR MOLECULAR
SOLUTE?1 YES NO MOLECULAR
2 YES YES
3 NO NO
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2011.GUGS 131
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY: PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS
COMPLETE THE TABLE:SOLUTE DISSOLVES
IN WATER?CONDUCTS ELECTRICITY IN WATER?
IONIC OR MOLECULAR
SOLUTE?1 YES NO MOLECULAR
2 YES YES IONIC
3 NO NO
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SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY: PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS
COMPLETE THE TABLE:SOLUTE DISSOLVES
IN WATER?CONDUCTS ELECTRICITY IN WATER?
IONIC OR MOLECULAR
SOLUTE?1 YES NO MOLECULAR
2 YES YES IONIC
3 NO NO MOLECULAR
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SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
Using the graph, what is the solubility ofpotassium chloride (KCl) at 80oC?
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2011.GUGS 134
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
Using the graph, what is the solubility ofpotassium chloride (KCl) at 80oC?50 grams
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2011.GUGS 135
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
Using the graph, what is the solubility ofAmmonia (NH3) at 20oC?
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2011.GUGS 136
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
Using the graph, what is the solubility ofAmmonia (NH3) at 20oC?52 grams
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2011.GUGS 137
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
Using the graph, what temperature is need to dissolve 10 grams of potassium chlorate, KClO3 in 100 grams of water?
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2011.GUGS 138
SOLUTIONS & SOLUBILITY
Using the graph, what temperature is need to dissolve 10 grams of potassium chlorate, KClO3 in 100 grams of water? 20 oC
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2011.GUGS 139
pHComplete the table.
pH Acidic, basic, or neutral?
1
5
7
9
13
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2011.GUGS 140
pHComplete the table.
pH Acidic, basic, or neutral?
1 acidic
5 acidic
7 neutral
9 basic
13 basic
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2011.GUGS 141
pHAn example of a substance that is basic
is .
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2011.GUGS 142
pHAn example of a substance that is
acidic is .
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2011.GUGS 143
pHAn example of a substance that is
neutral is .