COMMUNITY BASED FISH CULTURE IN IRRIGATION SYSTEMS SEASONAL FLOODPLAINS

Nguyen Van HaoResearch Institute for AquacultureN2 Ministry of Fisheries -Viet nam

MAP OF FLOODED AREAS IN MEKONG DELTA

– VIET NAM

0 120 km

Thailand Lao PDR

VietNam

Cambodia

Red: flooded in SeptemberYellow: flooded in OctoberBlue: Flooded in March

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MAIN CONTENTS

1. BACKGROUND2. CASE STUDY3. MAIN FINDINGS 4. KEY REMARKS 5. PLAN FOR VIET NAM 6.CONCLUSION

1. BACKGROUND

- The total surface area of Mekong delta flooded areas is about 1.9 million ha

- Flooded period is from July to December.

- The water depth is about 0.5 – 5m in which the area with less than 1 m occupied 60% total surface areas.

0

Cambodia

Mekong delta flooded map

BACKGROUND (cont.)

The Mekong delta flooded areas can be divided into 4 main parts.

1. Plain of Reed area (Dong Thap,Tien Giang and Long An)

Total surface area:703,338 ha. The flooded period:1-5 months Water depth : 0.5m-4m.

2. Long xuyen quadrangle area (An Giang and Kien Giang) Total surface area : 457,000 ha. The flooded period:1-5 months Water depth : 0.5m-3m

0 120 km

ThailandLao PDR

VietNam

Cambodia

Red: flooded in SeptemberYellow: flooded in OctoberBlue: Flooded in March

The flooded areas in Mekong delta and ø Cambodia in 2000 (MRC)

BACKGROUND (cont.)

3. The western part of Bassac river (An Giang) Total surface area: 365,060 ha. Flooded period : August to December Water depth : 0.5-1.5m

4. The middle part between Mekong and Bassac rivers(DongThap,Cantho, Vinh Long, TienGiang and Tra Vinh)Total surface area:357,277 ha. This is quite abundance of fruit gardens, rice and vegetable fields.

The Mekong delta flooded map

BACKGROUND (cont.)

The flooded areas are considered a favorable habitat, feeding bed, spawning ground of many fish species.

BACKGROUND (cont.)

– Establishing an important inland fishing grounds

– Supplying different jobs, income and protein sources to local rural pepople.

2. CASE STUDY

Ñoàng Thaùp province: Surface area:83,800 ha.Population: 1,607,800

(2003)

2/3 total surface area flooded every year, especially plain of reed area including different districts such as n Hoàng ngöï, Taân Hoàng, Tam Noâng, Thanh Bình vaø Thaùp Möôøi.

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50 0 50 100 Kilometers

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CASE STUDY (Cont.)

• SURVEY LOCATION

• 1- An Bình B Commune2- Bình Thaïnh Commune

Hoàng Ngöï District

Ñoàng Thaùp province

Ñieåm NC

MAIN FINDINGS

Commune

Sex Age group Total

< 18 18 < <55

> 55

An Bình B Male 51 72 13 136

Female

41 65 10 116

Sum 92 137 23 252

Bình Thaïnh

Male 35 61 16 112

Female 30 64 14 108

Sum 65 125 30 220

Total 157 262 53 472

Basic information of survey households

MAIN FINDINGS

• Main activities of households - Rice farming : 59.80%

-Fishing : 8.82% - Aquaculture : 4.90%

•

Supplementary activities of households

-Fishing : 56.86% - Aquaculture : 5.88%

Fishing ground and catching intensity

Fishing ground

Catching frequency

Average catch (kg)/h/fishing gear

unitï

Std. Deviation

Sig.

Rice field 1117 2.108 3.587 .000Canal 128 0.745 0.474

River 161 1.146 1.324

Ngö tröôøng vaø löôïng thuûy saûn khai thaùc trung

bình/ giôø/ ñôn vò ngö cuï

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ôøng Taàn soá söû duïng ngö tröôøng Löôïng TS ñaùnh baét

Fish composition in different catch

Orders Families Species

Cypriniformes Cyprinidae Small size, low production

4

Big size, low production

13

Small size, big production

2

Cobitidae 2

Siluriformes Bagridae 2

Claridae 1

Pangasidae 3

Siluriade 5

Perciformes Anabatidae 2

Channidae 1

Synbranchiformes

Synbranchidae 1

Osteoglossiformes

Ophichthydae 2

Notopteridae 1

Clupeiformes Clupeidae 1

Macrobrachium 2

Total : 40 fish species - 12 orders - 6 classes and prawn

Number of species in different catches

Toång soá loaøi hieän dieän (theo hoï) trong caùc meû

ñaùnh baét

Pangasiidae, 3

Clariidae, 2

Siluridae, 4

Synbranchida3

Bagridae, 2

Channidae, 1

,Anabantiidae2

,Notopteridae1

Shrimp, 2Cobitidae, 2

Clupeidae, 1

Percentage of different fish groups/ total catch

Tyû leä phaàn traêm caùc nhoùm caù (theo hoï)ï treân toång löôïng thuûy saûn

ñaùnh baét

Clupeidae 1%

Clariidae 1%

Pangasiidae 1%

Notopteridae 0.1%

Siluridae1% Channidae

4%

Bagridae19%

Cyprinidae 58%

Synbranchidae4%

Cobitidae5%

Macrobrachium 3%

Anabantiidae 3%

Khac3%

Income of individual and households participating in catching fish /crop (3 months)

Indicator

Fish catch production of household/cropï

< 200 kg

< 500 kg < 1000 kg

< 2500 kg

Percentage of household sample (%)

24.14 24.13 31,03 20.69

Total catch/crop/household (Kg)

119 286 607 1767

Total income of household/cropï

50 USD 100 USD 150 USD 500 USD

Number of Individual catching/ household

1.71 1.78 2.71 3.33

Total individual income/crop

30 USD 60 USD 60 USD 150 USD

4. KEY REMARKS

- Fishing is the main income in flood season for approximately 60% households.

- The main fishing grounds are rice fields in which the average fishing catch is higher than rivers and canals.

KEY REMARKS (Cont.)

– The main fishing gears applied in the flood season with the mesh size quite small that is varied from 0.5 to 2.5 cm.

– The highest fishing catch comes from trawl net.

– The main catching fish is cyprinidae families. Two highest fish groups are Henichorynchus spp and Bagridae.

KEY REMARKS (Cont.)

– Due to applied unsuitable fishing gears the catch fish is generally quite small.

– Beside using catch fish for household consumption fish can be used for aquaculture, especially sold to get more income.

– Average income of fisher varied from 10 to 50 USD/month/fisher.

5. PLAN FOR VIET NAM

Project sites:• Three communes in three main ecological areas

( mainly in Dong Thap and An Giang province) for the first two years

• Three districts in the two selected provinces for the last three more years.

PLAN FOR VIET NAM

Start-up operation• Project introduction in different levels• Site selection and establishment of implementation

team. • Discuss with different stakeholders especially

farmers groups.• Design and construction• Regulation developed and tested.• Extension packages developed and tested• Extension network established.

PLAN FOR VIET NAM

Participating organizations and NGOs • Fresh Aquaculture Research center (RIA 2) will

collaborate with DARD and commune manager to implement the project.

• Farmers union, Women union, Youth union and fisheries association in different levels.

• Fisheries programme (MRC)

PLAN FOR VIET NAM

Technical options and institutional arrangements for fish culture

• Fish and monosex giant prawn• Other animal• Wild fish • Nursing and conditioning before and after flood

season• Group of farmers involved • Suitable regulation in investment, management and

profit sharing

CONCLUSION

ADVANTAGES• Strongly support from government• Acceptable approach to increase income of farmers

in flooded areas• Good experience from previous projects• Suitable environmental condition

CONCLUSION

• DISADVANTAGES• Abnormal climate• Farmers habit • Strict criteria for site selection• Unsuitable social approach• Long term strategy of extension activities

THANK YOU