communication & breeding of family canidae
DESCRIPTION
IRSHAD A 2OO6 BATCH COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES, MANNUTHY, KERALA INDIA.TRANSCRIPT
COMMUNICATION & BREEDING OF FAMILY
CANIDAE By
COMMUNICATION
INTRODUCTION
1. It include vocalization, olfaction, visual communication
2. Complex interaction are build from simpler elements ( growls or a wagging tail)
3. Simpler elements gestures (b/n individuals) interactions(b/n groups)relationships(b/n packs)social system
4. In jackals exacts elements of behaviour are 12 parts of body (eg:ear,muzzles,tail)
5. Exact gesture virtually never repeated itself reflecting complexity of interaction .
Objectives1. Express emotions like fear anger 2. Calls for assembling a pack of dogs3. Directive sounds during hunting4. Communicate b/n male & female, parent &
youngOrigin 1. Inborn&devlp during maturation2. Learn from parents & other individuals
VOCAL COMMUNICATION
HOWLS:wolves coyotes and jackals all have howls
Pure tone by a lone individual with a single freq acts to bring the pack together
If several individuals some H.ling, some B.ing, some G.ling is a territorial signal asserting rights to the land
Wolves howls last for .5-11sec Allowing them to comm effectively In thick forests
A wolf howls may be heard from upto 10 miles (16 km) away dpds on weather
Howling occurs most often twilight as preceding the adult departure to the hunt and following their hunt
Wolf howls more frequently during breeding season
Pups can be provoked into howling sessions easily over the following 2 months
HOWLING
GROWLING: aggressive call & for threat (while teeth are bared )
Wolf growls have a distinct deep ,bass like Qlty
BARKING:territorial call of dogs Wolves barks when nervous or when alerting
other wolves of danger Pups bark more frequently than adults for
attention ,care & food
• WHINE:-first used by puppies to comm with mother. Mature dogs may whine during a)pain b)frustration
VISUAL COMMUNICATIONCALM DOG
EAR & TAIL HANGING DOWN
ALERT DOG
TAIL & EARS POINTED UP
AGGRESSIVE DOGHAIR, SHOULDER,RUMP RAISES & LIPS DRAWN BACK
FRIGHTENED DOGEAR FLATENED AGAINST HRAD REGION TAIL DESCENDS UNTIL ITS BETWEEN THE LEGS
DEFENSIVE
SCENT COMMUNICATION
VERY POWERFULL USED FOR PATH FINDINGS DOG:-repeated urination WILD DOG:-leave their droppings Glands on the feet skin lips & anus are modified
secretion ALL CANINES HAVE A SCENT GLAND (marked by black spot on the upper basal half
of tail)
FEMALE IN CONDITION TO BREED ARE RECOGNISED BY SCENT
BREEDING
No fixed breeding season
(but breeding is more pronounced at particular season)
Nursery selected by parents
eg: natural hole, cave, cavity among rocks No. of females select a favored site and form
a breeding colony
GP:-wolf:-60-63d
wild dog :- 70d
fox:-51-53d High fecundity (normally 5-6) African wild dog & artic fox 15-20 pups Wolves keep a pair & prevent opp sex away
from mates
Red fox & coyotes form permanent partnership
Wild dogs select& live long before union Domestic dog is promiscuous in its mating
As soon as they are strong enough they are taken out for hunting expedition
Except African wild dogs all are monogamy which is polyandrous (one female will mate more than one male during her estrus
&
DR. PRASAD SIR
And my group members
SHREELAKSHMI MOHANDASS JOSEPH J KALLINKAL & SIMITHA JHONE