communia luxembourg sharing europeana metadata 3 goals 3 questions 2 options
DESCRIPTION
Communia 7th workshop Luxembourg Sharing Europeana Metadata Europeana Connect National Library of Luxembourg Patrick PeifferTRANSCRIPT
Europeana Metadata licensing:
Three goals, three questions
and two options
Communia 7th Workshop – 01.02.2010
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Europeana Connect
• One of the deliverables of Work Package 4• Europeana Licensing Framework
• Focus of presentation• Agreements between Europeana and its Partners
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Europeana Agreements are ONLY about metadata
• Metadata which can be under• Copyright, public domain, PSI rules, database rights, ...
• This is a legal problem and will be solved by lawyers
• If single metadata elements are commercially valuable or otherwise too valuable, partners are free to withhold them
• Agreements do NOT cover digital / digitised objects
• Digital objects stay at partner’s websites and remain entirely under partners’s re-use condition
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Europeana Agreements object metadata
• Very general rights information about the digital objects is asked, to enable filtering of search results on Europeana
• Digital objects can be • digital public domain, • accessible for free• accessible suject to payment• ...
• Optional previews, if partner has cleared rights
• Optional fulltext, for better search results
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Three goals for Metadata licensing
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Goal 1: Create Europeana metadata
• Across domains• Museums, Libraries, Archives, a/v Archive
• Across Nations• Multilingual
• Semantically enriched• Vocabularies, Thesauri, Authority files
• Encourage participation of end-users• Enrich and contribute
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Goal 2: Discovery of partner’s digital objects
• End-users follow links to the digital object, to the partner website
• Traffic is generated towards partner’s websites
• Allowing re-use is a must to discover through other channels e.g. facebook, wikipedia, ...
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Goal 3: Sharing back Europeana metadata
• All of Europeana metadata is shared back to everyone• Including translations, semantic enrichment and user contributions
• Accessible through machine interfaces• APIs to query metadata• Data dumps to copy metadata, • Linked data to create “web of data”
• Have simple rules to avoid exclusive capture of value• Participation breaks down• Same rules for everyone
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Three goals recap
• Collect metadata, enrich it, encourage end-user participation
• Goal 1: Make it easy to contribute and re-use
• Drive discovery and create traffic to partner’s sites
• Goal 2: Non-Europeana discovery channels crucial
• Share back enriched metadata to partners and everyone
• Goal 3: Avoid exclusive capture
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Goals are not about copyright
• Goals are social and cultural, not legal
• Starting with copyright will not help achieving goals
• Keep in mind we are not talking about works, only metadata
• Three questions are about social norms:
• How to interact with partners, with the public (no commercial intent) and possible commercial use?
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“There is nothing so useless as doing efficiently that which should not be done at all.”Peter Drucker
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Three questions
• Allow commercial use for Europeana?
• Allow commercial use for everyone else?
• Which is the simplest sharing mechanism that works, socially and legally, including use with no commercial intent?
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First question is easiest
• Boils down to a financing question of Europeana services• Exclusive sublicensing (selling) of metadata should be excluded• Metadata is available for free already• Affiliate programs most likely source of income
• Buy this object at a bookshop, museumshop, etc.
• Unlikely to generate huge revenues• Should be limited to help finance Europeana• Very relevant for long term sustainability (See Wikipedia)
• Let’s set it aside for the moment
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Second question: Commercial use for everyone
• Metadata available for free for everyone anyway
• Substantial value (e.g. better metadata) has to be added to be able to exploit commercially
• “Make it easy to contribute to and re-use metadata” is the first goal, these contributions may be from commercial players
• “Non-Europeana discovery channels” is the second goal, many of these channels are probably commercial (Facebook etc)
• “Avoid exclusive capture”, the third goal, seems to be the crucial element then to answer this second question
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Third question: Working sharing models?
• Contributions and re-use of metadata are also desired for non-commercial purposes
• This is the Wikipedia, citizen-based value creation
• The third goal “Avoiding exclusive capture” is crucial to have citizens sustainibly contribute their time and effort to Europeana metadata (see Wikipedia)
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Reframing second and third question
• All goals are reached if there is a simple model for • re-use for commercial and non-commercial intent• avoiding exclusive capture• requiring sharing back to everyone
• Reframed:
• How to handle commercial and non-commercial use for everyone while ensuring the sharing back of better metadata to everyone?
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Two options
• Allow commercial use upfront, but require the sharing back of better Metadata (share-alike)
• No transaction costs, permission already given to everyone• Level playing field,
• Bearing in mind that sharing back is also required if better metadata is produced without commercial intent
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Two options
• Allow commercial use upfront, but require the sharing back of better Metadata (share-alike)
• No transaction costs, permission already given to everyone• Level playing field,
• Allow commercial use only after permission has been asked and granted via separate contract
• Substantial transaction costs, need to ask a lot of partners• Substantial technical costs, rights management for metadata• Danger of exclusive deals, because exclusivity is worth more• Citizens who contributed may not like this
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“There is nothing so useless as doing efficiently that which should not be done at all.”Peter Drucker
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Proposal for metadata: Allow commercial use, Require “Share alike”
• Use the “Share-alike” option• A Creative Commons licence element
• Allows commercial use
• If no transformations, same conditions apply
• Allows transformations only if they are shared back under same conditions (no exclusivity, no new rights)
• Same conditions apply to everyone, even those who do not intend commercial use
• It already works in Wikipedia and Wikimedia Commons, who excel at creating better metadata
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Danger: Europeana metadata stuck with non-commercial use only
• Technological dead-end• New ways of making available require new permissions• Example: Documentary films which cannot be re-released on DVD• Linked data already uses links only, no copies needed
• Bad for long-term sustainability• It will become increasingly impossible to find those who can give
commercial rights• Orphan metadata problem• Complexity and costs for aggregators and Europeana
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