common core/ next generation science standards that are addressed! rst.6 ‐ 8.2 - determine the...
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Common Core/ Next Generation Science Standards that are addressed!
RST.6‐8.2 - Determine the central ideas or conclusions of a text; provide an accurate
summary of the text distinct from prior knowledge or opinions. (MS‐LS1‐6)
WHST.6‐8.2 - Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas,
concepts, and information through the selection, organization, and analysis of
relevant content. (MS‐LS1‐6)
WHST.6-8.9 - Draw evidence from informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and
research. (MS‐LS1‐6),(MS‐LS2‐4)
SL.8.1 - Engage effectively in a range of collaborative discussions (one‐on‐one, in groups,
and teacher‐led) with diverse partners on grade 8 topics, texts, and issues,
building on others’ ideas and expressing their own clearly. (MS‐LS2‐2)
Bell Activities!1. Explain why most Americans are
“Agriculturally Illiterate.
2. How can agriculture literacy be improved?
3. What agriculture crops/products were used in your breakfast? What types of jobs would be involved to produce your breakfast?
Did you Eat today?Do you have a home?Do you wear Clothing?
Where would we be without Agriculture?
Answer: Naked, Hungry, Cold!
Recognizing the Role of Agriculture in Society!
Student ObjectivesDefine quality of lifeDiscuss agriculture’s role in basic human nutrition
List ag products used to provide food
List ag products used for clothingList ag products used for human shelter
Most people have a basic knowledge of Agriculture but are agriculturally illiterate!
Barrow ?Plow?Fallow?Gilt?Molt?Hydraulics?
Quality of LifeHaving adequate supplies of the basic needs of food, clothing and shelter.
The ag. industry provides the food and fiber required by people.
Agriculture allows people to enjoy a higher quality of life.
Americans spend 11% of their total income on food.
In other countries people spend well over 80% of income on food.
Agriculture allows Americans to spend more money on clothing shelter, and entertainment.
Quality of Life
International TradeAmerican agriculture helps provide food and fiber for many people in other countries.
International trade is the buying and selling of commodities by two or more nations.
ExportsExports are goods sold to another country.
Corn, soybeans, rice and wheat are examples of important American agriculture exports.
The success of American agriculture is largely dependent on its exports.
ImportsCommodities bought from other countries are called imports.
Major American agricultural imports are bananas, coffee, shrimp, and vanilla.
Good jobs help people enjoy a better quality of life as well.
The American agriculture industry provides jobs for about 16 out of every 100 people in our country.
This is higher than any other industry in the country.
What Role Does Agriculture Play In Basic Human Nutrition?
Today, one American farmer feeds over 130 people. Consumers have a year-round, wide variety of
inexpensive, quality foods to choose from.We don’t always make nutritious choices.
Food Guide Pyramid
Helps people make healthy eating choicesContains 5 nutritional groupsRecommends types of foods from each
group for healthy consumptionNutritional fact labels must also be present
on all processed food products
Other Factors Effecting Healthy Eating Choices!Your Age
Your Activity Level
Your Gender, and
Your Body Size
Grain CropsGrains are grown throughout the U.S.The largest region of production is in the
MidwestGrains are used for bread, pasta, rice,
cereal, and many other food products
Wheat, rye, and corn are examples of grains
Fruits
Citrus (grapefruit, oranges, tangelos, lemons, limes) are grown in Florida, California, or imported
Blueberries are grown in MichiganApples are grown in many statesFruits are sold fresh or as processed juice
VegetablesCool weather vegetables (like lettuce and broccoli) are grown in northern states in summer and southern states in winter
Many vegetables are imported from South America and Mexico
MilkDairy foods are processed from milk.
Most milk comes from cattle on dairy farms.
Another source of milk is goats.
California and Wisconsin are leading dairy producing states. New Mexico quite often leads the nation in the amount of milk produced per cow!
PoultryPoultry Includes domesticated birds grown for food.
Chicken is most popular followed by turkey.
Chickens also produce most of the eggs consumed in the country.
Poultry consumption increases in the U.S.
PorkPork is meat from swine.Swine is a term to describe hogs and pigs.
Pork chops, bacon, and sausage are popular pork dishes.
FishAquaculture is the term used to describe the production of fish and other aquatic plants and animals
Fish are farmed in the ocean, ponds, and tanks.
Fish are harvested, processed and sold either fresh or frozen.
LambLamb refers to meat from sheep less than a year old.
Mutton is from sheep that are over a year old.
Compared to beef, pork and poultry, Americans consume relatively little lamb and mutton.
NutsEach year, about 430,000 tons of nuts are produced in the United States.
The four major types of nuts produced are almonds, pecans, walnuts, and filberts
New Mexico is one of the top two states in pecan production.
Clothing is Made From Natural and Synthetic Fiber
Natural fiber comes from plants and animals. ( mostly wool and cotton )
Synthetic fibers are manufactured from petroleum and other substances
CottonCotton is a perennial plant that is grown as an annual.
Cotton requires a long, warm growing season.
Top cotton producing states are California, Texas and Arizona.
Cotton is picked by large machines that remove the lint from the bolls
The cotton is taken to the gin to remove the seeds
Seeds are used for cooking oil or livestock feed
Lint is pressed, graded, and milled into cloth
FlaxFlax plants produce fibers used in making high quality cloth called linen
Flax requires a rainy and warm climate
Minnesota, North and South Dakota grow substantial amounts of flax
Flax plants grow about three feet tall
Linen comes from the fibers that make up the phloem of the plant
Fibers are rolled and later combed to be spun into yarn
Flax seed is used to make linseed oil for paints and varnishes
Kenaf, Jute, Hemp and Sisal
Kenaf is a relatively new plant that is used to make cloth and paper
Jute plant fiber is used to make burlap
Hemp and Sisal are coarse fibers used to make rope
Wool and FurSheep and goat fleece are
sheared, cleaned, dyed, and woven into threads
Angora goat fleece is woven into mohair
Fur is used to produce hats, coats, and other clothing. Rabbit and mink are two examples of fur used in clothing
Synthetic Fibers
Rayon, nylon and polyester fibers are processed from petroleum products.
Synthetic fibers are more durable and wrinkle less than natural fiber.
Natural fiber is more comfortable.Cloth today is often a blend of both natural and synthetic fiber.
ForestryForestry involves planting, caring for, and harvesting trees.
There are about 736 million acres of forest land in the United States.
Products like plywood, particle board, veneer, and paper are used for shelter.
Hardwood and Softwood TreesHardwood trees are deciduous--they lose their leaves in the fall
Softwood trees are conifers. Conifers are evergreen trees that have cones and needles rather than leaves
Trees are felled (cut down) and cut into log lengths of 12 to 20 feet
At the saw mill, logs are cut into boards and graded
Lumber is cut while still greenLumber must be seasoned.
Seasoning is the natural or artificial drying of the lumber
Natural drying involves allowing air to circulate around and through stacks of lumber
Artificial drying uses heat and is faster
Lumber is smoothed and sized. Planing involves removing the roughness left from sawing