common bleach dilutions
TRANSCRIPT
7/28/2019 Common Bleach Dilutions
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/common-bleach-dilutions 1/2
Table 1. Common Bleach Dilutions
Sodium
hypochlorite %
Bleachsolution
ratio
Bleach dilutionppm
(available
chlorine)
Comments**always use on cleaned
surfaces
0.025% 1:200
1.5 tbs (0.6 oz.)
bleach to 1 gallonwater
250 ppm common household use
0.1% 1:501/8 cup (1 oz.)bleach to 1 gallon
water
1,000 ppm commonly used
0.16% 1:321/2 cup (4 oz.)bleach to 1 gallonwater
1,563 ppm commonly used
0.5% 1:101.5 cups (12 oz.)bleach to 1 gallonwater
5,000 ppmvery strong solution and shouldbe used in a limited manner
3.33% 2:32 parts bleach to 3parts water
33,333 ppm
effective against foot-and-
mouthdisease virus - use withcaution
Source: Glenda Dvorak
Table 2. Characteristics of Selected Disinfectants
Disinfectant
Category
Alcohols Aldehydes BiguanidesHalogens:
Hypochlorite
Halogens:
Iodine
Compounds
Oxidizing
Agents
Phenols
QuaternaAmmoniu
Compoun(QAC)
Sample TradeNames
EthylalcoholIsopropylalcohol
FormaldehydeGlutaraldehyde
ChlorhexidineNolvasan
Virosan
BleachBetadyneProvidone
Hydrogenperoxide
Peraceticacid-
Virkon SOxy-Sept
333
One-StrokeEnvironPheno-TekII Tek-Trol
RoccalDiQuat
D-256
Mechanism of Action
•Precipitates
proteins• Denatureslipids
• Denaturesproteins• Alkylatesnucleic acids
• Alters
membranepermeability
• Denaturesproteins
• Denaturesproteins
•Denatureproteinsand lipids
• Denaturesproteins
• Alters cellwallpermeability
• Denature
proteins• Binds phpholipids ocell
membrane
Advantages
• Fastacting• Leaves noresidue
• Broadspectrum
• Broadspectrum
• Broadspectrum• Shortcontact time
• Inexpensive
• Stable instorage• Relativelysafe
• Broadspectrum
• Goodefficacy with
organicmaterial• Non-corrosive
• Stable instorage
• Stable instorage• Non-
irritating toskin• Effective high tempe
tures andhigh pH (9
10)
Disadvantages
• Rapid
evaporation•Flammable
• Carcinogenic• Mucousmembranes
and tissueirritation• Only use inwell ventilated
areas
• Only
functions in
limited pHrange (5-7)• Toxic to fish
(environmentalconcern)
• Inactivatedby sunlight• Requires
frequent
application• Corrodesmetals
• Mucousmembraneand tissueirritation
• Inactivatedby QACs• Requiresfrequent
application• Corrosive• Stainsclothes and
treatedsurfaces
•
Damagingto somemetals
• Can causeskin and eyeirritation
Precautions Flammable Carcinogenic
Never mixwith acids;toxic chlorinegas will be
released
May be toxicto animals,especiallycats and
pigs
7/28/2019 Common Bleach Dilutions
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/common-bleach-dilutions 2/2
Table 2. Characteristics of Selected Disinfectants
Disinfectant
CategoryAlcohols Aldehydes Biguanides
Halogens:
Hypochlorite
Halogens:
IodineCompounds
Oxidizing
AgentsPhenols
QuaternaAmmoniu
Compoun(QAC)
VegetativeBacteria
Effective Effective Effective Effective Effective Effective Effective
Yes-GramPositive
Limited-Gram
Negative
Mycobacteria Effective Effective Variable Effective Limited Effective Variable Variable
EnvelopedViruses
Effective Effective Limited Effective Effective Effective Effective Variable
Non-envelopedViruses
Variable Effective Limited Effective Limited Effective Variable Not Effectiv
SporesNotEffective
Effective Not Effective Variable Limited Variable Not Effective Not Effectiv
Fungi Effective Effective Limited Effective Effective Variable Variable Variable
Efficacy with
Organic MatterReduced Reduced ?
Rapidly
reduced
Rapidly
reducedVariable Effective Inactivated
Efficacy withHard Water
? Reduced ? Effective ? ? Effective Inactivated
Efficacy with
Soap/Detergents? Reduced Inactivated Inactivated Effective ? Effective Inactivated