Comment on the importance of aid in helping countries of low levels of development progress. (7 marks)

Level 2• display a clear understanding of the topic • make one or two points with support of appropriate exemplification and/or application of principle • give a number of characteristics, reasons, attitudes • provide clear use of case studies • give responses to more than one command e.g. “describe and explain...” • demonstrate a style of writing that reflects subject matter • demonstrate good use of Geographic vocabulary• demonstrate SPaG

6%

47%

23%

6%

4% 14%

Aid and Private Capital Flows to Developing Countries 2010

% of total official and private flowsTotal Official Development FlowsTotal Private Flows (including remittances)Foreign direct investmentPortfolio InvestmentNet private long-term debtRemittances

Learning objectives To describe the different types of aidTo assess the impact of aidTo evaluate what makes an aid project effective

Types of AidBi-lateral aid: Aid given out on a country-to-country basis e.g. from the UK to Kenya

Multi-lateral aid: Aid channelled through international bodies

Project aid: Direct financing of specific projects for a donor country

Technical assistance: Funding of expertise of various types

Humanitarian aid: Emergency disaster relief, food aid, refugee relief and disaster preparedness - Humanitarian aid accounts for less than 10% of global aid flows

Soft loans: A loan made to a country on a concessionary basis with a lower rate of interest- for example, India has received over $2 billion in low-interest funds from the World Bank for many of its welfare schemes, these soft loans are set to stop as India heads towards middle-income status

Tied aid: i.e. projects tied to suppliers in the donor country - the UK abandoned tied aid in 1997

Debt relief – this may take the form of cancellation, rescheduling, refinancing or re-organisation of a country’s external debts

Learning objectives To describe the different types of aidTo assess the impact of aidTo evaluate what makes an aid project effective

Does foreign aid result in development?

Learning objectives To describe the different types of aidTo assess the impact of aidTo evaluate what makes an aid project effective

Outline the positive and negative impacts of aid (10) Read page 220 - 221 and Geofile 587:• Generate at least 7 positives and 7

negatives• Sort using SPEED• Write these on separate cards • Add an example to each

Are the following reflected in your cards?• How have positives and negatives of

aid changed over time?• Have you included a range of SPEED

impacts?

Level 3: • display a detailed understanding of the topic • make several points with support of appropriate exemplification and/or application of principle • give a wide range of characteristics, reasons, attitudes • provide detailed accounts of a range of case studies • respond well to more than one command • demonstrate evidence of discussion, evaluation, assessment and synthesis depending on the requirements of the assessment • demonstrate a sophisticated style of writing • demonstrate a clear sense of purpose

Evaluate how effective trade can be at having a positive impact on developing countries (8)

Create a mindmap to summaries how trade can have a positive impact on developing countries.

Include reference to:

Modernisation – international tradeIndustrialisationNeoliberalismfree tradeWorld Bank and theInternational Monetary Fund (IMF)Asian TigersLeast developed countrieslack the ability to investagricultural goodsEU Common Agricultural PolicyTrickle-down effectStructural adjustment programmes

Level 2A. display a clear understanding of the topic B. make one or two points with support of

appropriate exemplification and/or application of principle

C. Give a number of characteristics, reasons, attitudes

D. provide clear use of case studies E. give responses to more than one command

– evaluate ( + and - or ranking). F. Demonstrate good use of Geographic

vocabulary

Learning objectives To describe the different types of aidTo assess the impact of aidTo evaluate what makes an aid project effective

5 mins to discuss 3 succinct points

• How would your answer be different if the question asked…?

“Trade or aid”

Learning objectives To describe reasons for the growth of TNCsTo assess the impact of TNCsTo evaluate the impacts

“The least developed countries will never progress unless the western countries increase their aid contributions” To what

extent do you agree with this statement? (40 marks)

• Describe key words • Brainstorm a list of positive

impacts • Brainstorm a list of negative

impacts• Attached examples to each of

your suggestions

• Remember – start with the case study and use it to explain the theory

• If you have no example/evidence is it a point worth making? If it is, than you need the supporting evidence

• Do you have a range of SPEED/spatial variations?

Level 4: answers the question with depth, flair, creativity and insight In addition to the requirements of Level 3, an answer at this level is likely to: • provide strong evidence of thorough, detailed and accurate knowledge and critical understanding of concepts and principles and of specialist vocabulary. • give explanations, arguments and assessments or evaluations that are direct, logical, perceptive, purposeful, and show both balance and flair. • demonstrate a high level of insight, and an ability to identify, interpret and synthesise a wide range of material with creativity. • demonstrate evidence of maturity in understanding the role of values, attitudes and decision-making processes.

Learning objectives To describe the different types of aidTo assess the impact of aidTo evaluate what makes an aid project effective