THE CHELSEA LECTURE

Sir Monty finniston delhered the firstChelsea CommemoraTion [ecrure aT TheKing's Road i:ampus on Tuesday 1arch /8.The Principal, in introducing Sir MOnT} ,paid TribUTe to The role he had played illthe process of merger and to The guodsense and reality he had brought to discus­sions. lie introduced him, however, /lot asa former, or current, College Council mem­her bUT as a teacher oj illTemational diStin-1etwn and renowll who !lad made majorcontributions to The industrial and scien­tific life or T!Ie coulltn·. As t!le lecture iT­self then showed. Sir MOIlT} waJ to contri·hUTc In un noen wider and quiTe provOcaTlvcjashion to dcbale on Ihe place of scicnc£,and indeed uf learning, in an ol'crall schemeOf /tfe.

The full texI of SII' Monty s leClUre,'Science is nOI enough " is included as aspecial supplemenl TO this editIOn.

HISTORY OF QEC

MARK BAILEY APPEAL UPDATE

GRADUATIO PICTURES

+ HAVE YOU GOT BOOKLICE?

It was originally intended that the WhitePaper would be issued alongside Sir KelthJo eph's propo al temming Irom a revICwof student financial upport. ir Keith ha

continued on p.2 col. 2

It i stated in the hire Paper on SocialSe urity Reform that students hould ulti­matel} be removed from the State benefit} [em and hould rely on their Local Edu­

cation uthority grant

The implication of thl sunple 'talementare Ide-ranging and pOlentlally very cri­ou when the effects of inflation, Incrcas­JOg accommodalion co t and the decreasein the level 0 tudent finanCIal upport inreal terms are examined closely.

FOWLER REPORT- THE STUDENT

VIEWThe following have been elected a Fellowsof the College:

King's College London (KQC) newsletter

NEW FELLOWSANNOUNCED

Profe or Bernard AshmoleBorn I 94, educated Hertford College,Oxford, Craven Fellow, Briti h Schools,Athen and Rome 1910-22. CBE (1957),MC, M ,BLitt: Hon FRlBA: FB ;Hon Fellow Lincoln College Oxford ( 1980)Hon ellow niver ity College London( 1974). Hon Fellow Hertford ollegeOxford ( 1961), isiting Profe or hip(including ale), Director, British Schoolat Rome 19_5 - 2 ,Yales Profe or of

la ical rchaeology, niver ity ofLondon 19:!9 -4 . Keeper of G reek andRoman ntiquitles, British u eum 1939­56: Lincoln Profe or of Cia sical rch­aeolog}-, Univer it} of Oxford, 1956- 60.

continued on p.2, col. 1

Bob Warmisham pictured with his family in the Senior Common Room on 25 March.during a reception to mark his eight years service with the College. Many friends andcolleagues were present to wish him well in his retirement; to show that his talents asHead Porter had not gone unappreciated, Bub was presented by Myles Tempany with acheque for £200, which he will be donating to St Joseph 's Hospice, as well as receivingpersonal gifts and cards.

ACADEMIC TYPE OF RE T DETRlME TYEAR ACCOMMODATIO (£)jweek (£)jyear

1986/87 Short-life 12.60 143.4019 7/ 8 Short-life 13.25 803.25

1986/87 Head-Lease 29.50 472.201987/ Head-Lea e 31.00 1366.34

1986/87 Private ector 29.50 209.001987/8 Private Sector 31.00 1366.34

19 6/ 7 ollege Hall(Double room) ?.7 .00 160.20

19 7/88 College Hall(Double room) 2 .35 666.05

1986/87 College Hall(Single room) 20.90 46.74

19 7/ 8 College Hall(Single room) 21.95 574.01

1986/ 7 "Average Student" 2 .10 239.1619 7/ 8 .. verage Student" 29.50 1306.94

Also, tudents who do not receiv grants,for example students in the Further Edu­cation ector, will be unable to claim sup­plementary or unemployment benefit inthe short vacations.

i) At the beginning of the academic year19 6/ 7, tudent in Hall of Re idence,Head Lease propertie and ollege-ownedpropertie will 10 e the right to claim Hou­ing Benefit.

By way of compensation, the Governmentplans to increase the level of the grant by2% to £2,210 per academic year for theyear 1986/87, and to add an extra £36 tocompensate for the loss of benefits due tothe Social Security Reform propo als. Un­fortunately, this £36 will also be subjectto the normal mean -test procedure andsome parents will find themselves payingsome or all of this figure.

U) Total disentitlement of students fromall welfare benefits will apply in the year1987/ . This also includes benefits usu­ally claimed if the student i unable tofind a job.

So, a student on a full grant will apparent­ly be £2.40 per week better off in term­time and £ 1.0 I per week better off in vaca­tion time. However, since inflation is likelyto run at about 5% next year, I REALTERMS, a student will be £0.90 per weekworse off in term time and £0.37 per weekworse off in the short vacations. So, evenif student accommodation costs do notrise at all next year, students will actuallybe worse off than they are now.

It the ame time. students Jj ing in private

rented accommodation wiIJ b regarded aha ing an amount in their grant to co erthe rent in short vacation and will havetheir Hou ing Benefit a es ed only oncefor the whole a ademic year. including thehort acation.

Also, the amount parent are expected topay to "top up" the grant ha increasedby 170% since 1979. Unfortunately, manyparents (43% nationally) are either unableor unwilling to make up this differenceand, consequently, a significant proportionof student do not receive the full level ofgrant they are enlitled to.

During thi ame period, tudents haveseen accommodation cost ri ing fasterthan the increase in the main rate of thestudent grant. In excess of 60% of a stu­dent's income now goes on board and resi­dence costs.

As indicated above, it is the intention ofthe Government to exclude students frommany of the benefit that they have beenentitled to, due to their low level of in­come, since 1966. This will happen in twodistinct stages: --

Since 1979, the value of the student granthas decreased by 20% in real terms. Thisfigure has been confirmed by the Parlia­mentary Under-Secretary for Higher Edu­cation.

continued from p.l

now abandoned hi review after it wafound that the opposition to his pu bliclytated position on the introduction of

student loan was too great. Unfortunatelythe Secretary of State for Social Services

orman Fowler, ha not adapted hi pro­po als in the light of Sir Keith's cancel­lation of the review of tudent financialsupport.

Sir Hugh Rossi, MPBorn 1927, educated King' CollegeLondon elected as an MP (Conservative)in 1956, Government Whip 1970 - 72,Treasury 1972 - 74, Department of

nvironment 1974, Mini ter of State,'orthern Ireland Office 1979 - 1.

Knighted 19 3.

Profe or Janet Margaret BatelyBorn 1932, educated Somerville College,Oxford, BA, MA. Shaw Lefevre Scholar,Sir Israel Goilancz Memorial Lecturer,British A adem 197, Member ofCouncil. Early Engli h Text Society 19 l-,Professor of Engli h Language and Med­ieval Literature 19 7-, Head of Depart­ment of Engli h Language and Literature19 0 -, Dean, Faculty of Artsl982 - 4.

Profes or Leslie HoughBorn 1925, educated University of Man­chester BSc, MSc, PhD, University ofBri tol DSc, Vice Pre ident of PerkinDivision and member of the ouncil ofthe Royal Society of hemistry 1984­86, Haworth Medal and Lecture hip ofthe Royal Society of Chemi try 1984 - 86.Fullbright Postdoctoral Research Fellow,Purdue University, Indiana 1952 - 53.Profe or and Head of Department ofChemi try, Queen Elizabeth College 1966­85, Vice-Principal, Queen Elil.abethCollege 1980 - 85, Professor of Chem i try,King's College 1985 -

Canon Eric JamesBorn 1925, .educated King's o liegeLondon, BD, AKC. Chaplain of TrinityCollege, Cam bridge 1955 - 59, electpreacher to the niversity of Cam bridge1959 - 60, anon of Southwark 1964 - 73,Canon of S t Albans 1973 - 3, Preacherto Gray's Inn 1978 -, Chaplain to H Mthe Queen 19 4 - , currently Director ofChri tian Action.

Professor Barry Cuthbert LeightonBorn 1920, educated King's College Hosp­ital School of Dental Surgery, LDS, RCSeng, HDD, DDO RFPS Glasgow, MDSLondon. Odont Doctor, Karslinska Stock­holm 1981, Feasby Lecturer, WesternUniver ity Ontario 1984, Editor of BritishJournal of Orthodontics 1983· , VisitingProfessor, Western University Ontario 1977.As istant Lecturer King's College HospitalSchool of Dental Surgery 1949, SeniorLecturer 1952 Reader 1964, Profes or1968. Head of Department of Orthodon­tics 1954 - 5 (retirement). SecretaryDental ducation Advi ory Council 1973­1985 President. British Society for theStudy of Orthodontics 1970 - 7 1.

Derek Mende Da CostaBorn 1929, educated King's CollegeLondon, University of Melbourne, HarvardUniversity. Intermediate Laws Scholarship,John Mackrell Prize, City of LondonSolicitors' Company Grotius Prize.Queen's Counsel 1972 (Ontario), Vice­Chairman, Legal Education Committee1983 - , Assistant Lecturer in Law, King'sCollege London 1955 - 58, Professor.Osgoode Hall Law School 1965, Univer­sity of Toronto 1968 - 77. Chairman,Ontario Law Reform Commission 1972 - ,Honorary Vice-President, Friends of King'sCollege London in Canada.

continued from p.l

ii) Tht: tudent gr nt ill onI> ri e byea h year.

i) Inflation and a ommod tIOn co ts)will ontinue to r e by -0/ per year.

ill) The "Average tudent" figure is dedu­ed from data in the niver lty of London

Ac 'ommodatlon Survey.

D EQ IPME T1 COLLEGE EST TE

Provide for compensation should any dam-

There are 10 lImits of £50,000 lor anyone piece of equipment. £500 for money,£500 lor staft claim. £250 for studentclaim and £50 lor claims made by VISitors.

In ure the content of ollege building,ineludmg money and freezer content,against phySical loss or damage anywherein the nited Kingdom. Staff and tudentwearing apparel and per ona1 effect wlth­10 the conI ines of ollege building areal'o covered.

It. hould be nol\:d that the Central Com­puter equipment funded by the omputcrBoard i covered under a central nlver-ity of London policy and as uch I e ­

eluded.

Excess charges of £ 1,000 for building su b­Idence, £.100 for all other ollege claims

and IS for taft, student and visitorsclaims arc applied.

1.2 Computer and C2?...!!!p.l1ter PeripheralE~iE.ment

Insure computer and peripheral equip­ment, anywhere in the United Kingdom,In respect of phy icallo or damage.Claim. are su bJect to a £ 100 excess charge.

Loss of use and los of value of recordedinformation or stored information 1 pe­cilIcally e eluded.

B} way 0 general in orm tion the follo\\-­mg } nop I has been prepared to gi\'e abroad indicatIOn of the College' ill uran epoli le and lhe limits whi h are applicable.Given vaiJ ble space, lt i impo ible tooutline the detail behind the ollege' in-uran e pohcle . it i hoped. ho\\-e~er. that

the in ormatlon pro\'ided will af ord aHder under t nd ing and k no\\- ledge of

10 urance matters.

1.I 11 rikInsures the ollege buildings and their con­tents, other than computers and omputerperipheral equipment, again t 10 s or dam­age by fire, lightning, aircraft, explo ion,riot, ci il commotion, earthquake, pon­taneous combu tion, thunderbolt. ubter­~anean flre, flood and bur t pipe.

1.3 quiQ.ment taken outside the nitedKin"gdom - .--------

It is neces ary for the insurance companyto be informed of any equipment takenabroad for the in urance cover to be effec­live and therefore the Finance Offtceshould be given detail of such equipment.Claims will be subject to a £500 exce scharge.

2 CONSEQUENTIAL LOSS

te

Student have been eligible to 'Iaim Socialecurit> benefit since 1966 and while it

cannot be regarded as In any wa satisfac­tory that the Social SecurIty systl.'m houldbe u cd to supplementtudent grants, be­cause of the failure of thl.' lalter to keepup with inflation many tudent have beenfaced with no alternative. In practice, what­ever Government's intentIOn, thl.' awardssystem has become a dual- upport sy ternfunded partly by your Dl'partment andpartly oy the DHS .

It i clear in our view that the primary re ­pon ibility for tudent financial upporthould rest with the Department 0 Edu­

cation and Science through the y tern ofgrants admini tration by Local Education

uthoritie . However, thcn~ i ample I.' i­dence that the current level of studentgrants IS simply not adequate to meet theba lC needs of students without as istancefrom elsewhere. Since 197'1 the value oftudent grant has dropped by 20% in

real terms, a figure which we under tandha been confirmed by the Parliamentary

nder-Secretary of S tatl.' for Higher Edu­cation.

e are", riting to let> ou kno\\- of the verygrave con ern hi h ha been e pre ed bythe Coun 11 regarding the effect which theproposed reform of the Social Securityy tern as outlined in the December White

Paper will have on tudent.

or from the 'ationaJ VOlon 0 Studentsat ,'eI on ~andela Hou e, 461 Hollo a>Road, LO, 'DO. -, .'~ tel _-~ 00),

We under tand that the DJ:- has given anundertaking that therl.' \\-ould be a reviewof the granL system to coincide with thereform of Social Security and It was ourhope that thl would nghtome oltheanomahe and place tudent grant on afirmer basi for the future. In oVl'mberlast you announced that the revie\\- hadol.'en abandoned. Yet the implication forthe tudent up port 'y tern lamed in theDecember White Paper on ocial SecurityReform could hardly be lllore radilal: stu­dent of this College could lose a much as£1,10 per annum.

We understand that it i intended that thereforms of the Social Security systemhould be enacted in the current session of

Parliament. !though this leave very littletime, we and the other member of King'sCollege Council would urge you to con­sider even at thi late hour whether some­thing can be done to ameliorate the harsh­ness of those reforms insofar as they affectstudents.

er-

TO US

BE DO E?

WH T THIS ILL £

The figure in the table above maketain assumption:

WHATC

The Students' Union would ask every mem­ber of staff reading this arti le to do thesame or write to their own MP expressingtheir concern.

If costs in all areas of student recruitmentcontinue torise as they have done and theqUl'eze on student finances continues. the

College may find that all tudent recruit­ment level projections could prove [0 beoptimistic.

The proposal may mean that students whoome from low or even middle income

familie will be compelled to live at homeand maybe prevented from entering high­er education at all, or re tricted in theuchoice of cour I.' to instllutions clo I.' tohome.

The ollege Council ha con idered thematter of the Fowler Review and expre ­sed its grave concern abou t it effects. Aletter has been sent to Sir Keith 10 eph andto orman Fowler, igned by the Principaland the Acting General Secretary on be­half of the Council (reproduced below).

In hi article m IS ue 13 of "Comment"the College Finance Officer note that thepo tgraduate recruitment level projections"have proven to be optimistic", which hacaused a hortfall in income.

Further information is available from theStudents' Union at any site, in the Stu­dents' Union document mentioned above,

Unless the Government change its mind, about either the way the Social Security

reforms affect student or the level oftu dent financial suppo~t, the Student

Union Cl' a bleak future for studentthis College and all higher education.

IThese figure appear in the Student '

nion document, "Reform of So ialSecurity - A Programme for Action: TheFowler White Paper - The Implications",copIes of which are available from theoffice of the cting General Secretary atthe Kensington Campus tel937 I 949714 or 9375411 ext 294/495 ,givingfull detail abou t the con equences 01 theFowler ReView.

age to premises result in a loss of incomeand/or additional expenditure through theinterruption of normal activitie .

3 E Gl EERI G l SURANCES

3.1 Boiler and Pressure Plantovers explosion or collapse, sudden and

unforeseen damage to boilers and pressureplant and damage to surrounding propertyas a direct result of such event.

3.2 Electrical and Mechanical PlantLift and HoistsCovers emergency breakdowns not due tofair wear and tear and any damage to sur­rounding property as a direct result of suchevent.

All claims are subject to an exclusion of thefirst 5% subject to a minimum of £50 anda maximum of £100.

4 LlABILlTY

4.1 ombined LiabilityThe combined liability cover includes Em­ployer's Liability indemnifying the Collegein re pect of legal liability for death, dis­ease or bodily injury to employees arisingout of and in the course of their employ­ment.

In addition, the Public and Products Liabi­lity policy provides similar cover in respectof students and members of the public.The cover is limited to £5 m in respect ofanyone occurrence.

4.2 Fidelit GuaranteeInsures against loss of money or propertybelonging to the College or for which theCollege is legally responsible, suffered asa result of fraudulent or dishonest acts ofan employee. The indemnity limit is£100,000 for anyone employee.

4.3 Professional IndemnityIndemnifies the College in respect of LegalLiability for damages and costs incurredas a result of neglect, error or omi sion,loss of document, breach of trust, libeland slander, etc. Cover is extended to allpast, present and future employee of theCollege but pecifically exclude employ­ees who conduct consultancies, etc, with­out the knowledge or authority of theCollege.

The indemnity limit i £ 1.0 m for anyoneclaim in one year.

5 VEHICLES

The Motor vehide Policy is in re peet ofany vehicle owned. hired or loaned to theCollege. It i necessary for the College toprovide a li. t of all its vehicles to the insur­ers and Departments hould supply theFinan<.:e Departmt'nt with detail of anyvehicle pur<.:ha. ed or hired in advance ofthe tranaction.

The policy doe' not offer any protection

to the employee. It is most important foremployees who from time to time use pri­vate vehicle on College busine s to makesure that cover under their personal motorpolicy extends to business u e.

It hould also be noted that anyone park­ing their private vehicles on College pro­perty does so entirely at their own risk.College cover does not extend to privatemotor vehicles.

6 TRAVEL

Covers all employees of the College up to75 years of age re ident in Great Britainwhilst travelling on College business out­side England, Scotland and Wales.

Cover includes the following:

I Accidental death, loss of limbs or dis­ablement up to a maximum of £20,000per claim.

2 Temporary total disablement allowanceof £200 per week up to a maximum of104 weeks.

3 Unlimited medical expenses.

4 Loss of money up to a maximum of£500.

5 Los of baggage up to a maximum of£1,000 (subject to a maximum of £250for anyone article).

I hope that this brief outline of the Collegeinsurances is helpful. If there are any ques­tions or further information required,please contact the undersigned

R HarveyAssistant Accountant Finance Department

Hnrulment day at Beijing ormal Univer­sity, the People's Republic of China, photo­graphed during a recent visit by ProfessorP J Peterson to the capital city.

DED

Following i its to Beijing by Profe sorP J Peterson and Dr Malcolm Hutton ofthe Monitoring and Assessment ResearchCentre (MARC), a joint programme ofscientific exchange and co-operation hasbeen initiated with the Endemic DiseaseSection of the Chinese Academy ofSciences and the Institute of Environment­al Science, Beijing ormal University.Support for the visits has been forthcomingfrom The Royal Society and the institutesconcerned.

Two scientists from China have alreadyworked at MARC for three months and afurther four staff members will be under­taking studies here during the year. Res­earch co-operation centres on Trace elem­ent deficiency problems in man and onpollution problems and their control.

Selenium deficiency occurs across a largearea of China and is recognised as KeshanDisease, an endemic heart disease, or asKaschin-Beck Disease, an endemic degen­erative osteoarthritic disease. The jointstudies are aimed at an understanding ofthe dietary transfer of this element betweesoil, plants. animals and man.

Pollution problems of the air and waterari ing from the smelting of metallicores and coal com bustion for energy prod­uction are t\1'0 major problems underinvestigation. We aim to quantify pollut­ant releases and model the alternativestrategies necessary for reducing emissionsto the atmosphere and rivers.

Further information on aspects of pollut­ion research in China is featured in thecurrent issue of Sentinel - Health andEnvironmental International, a newsletterproduced at MARC for the EnvironmentalHealth Division of the World HealthOrganisation, the International Programmefor Chemical Safety (IPCS) and the Inter­national Register of Potentially ToxicChemicals (IRPTC)

changing the ollege's title and the QueenMother graciously gave permission for theuse of her name.

The College as ir was in 1953 wirh Lord,"'lacaulay s home, Holly Lodge, ar rhe lOple[r o[ the photograph. The A rkins Buildingwas subsequently erecred on the site.ded b}- Lilian Faith ull a Head of the De­

partment from I 94 to I 0 . 'nder herguidan e, the Department too on the

hara ter of a full Uni\"eril}- College, ub-Ject being taught partly by ta e ondedfrom the Strand and partly by pe i iappointee to the Departmt:nt.

I n I 0 the Ladie gained complete rnde­pendence from the Strand, becomingKing' College for \ omen. and the curri-ulum hanged empha is to"'ard Home

Scien e. B}- 1913 there wa a flourishingHome Science Department almo t a

allege within a College, but then disastertruck. The Haldane Commi sion on the

Go ernance of the Univer iLy decreed thata separate Women' College repre entingeveral fa ultie could not be su tained in

Ken ington. fter con iderablc argumentoppo ition and upheaval, the rts andScience were reunited with the Strandmaking King' College truly co-edu ation­a!. The Home Science Department movedto a new ite in Campden Hill and becameknown a the Department of Householdand Social Science of King's ollege forWomen. It remained thu until 192 whenIt regained complete autonomy a a epa­rate College. The 1930s were years ofgreat curricular development: dietetics wasintroduced fir t and then nutrition, the

ollege pioneering the teaching of the etwo. ubject in the nited Kingdom. Inthe 1950 the adm ission of men andchange of emphasis away from HouseholdScience provided the opportunity for

This eek King' CoUege London KQCpublishes "The Hi tory of Queen ElizabethCoUege - One Hundred Year of niver-ity Education' b eville Mar h a

Lecturer in the Department of Ph iology.

. 'eville Mar h fir t entered QEC I1l 1961.fter qualifYing and a short penod m the

world out ide, he returned a a Lel:turerand in the eighteen year which followed,ob erved the working of a ni er it}- Col­lege. The idea of a Hi tory ame to him inthe autumn 0 19 4, when. having atthrough interminable Academic Board me­etings dl cu ing the likel deml e of theCollege, he reaU ed that here wa an op·portunity to record detail of ome of themany event and per onalitie a ociatedwith the College. Thi he hoped would en­cap ulate omething of the spirit of QueenElizabeth allege for the benefit of futuregeneration of tu dent and taff.

HISTOR

The story of Qf:.C begin in the mid-nine­teenth I:entury during the great period ofdevelopment in women' education King's

allege, anxious to make it own contri­bution to the movement embarked on aprogramme of "Lecture for Ladie .. firstat Richmond and subsequently at Ken Ing­ton. The e ICl:ture were lllspued by thePrincipal of King' Alfred Barry, and suchwas their succe ,larger premi es had tobe acquired. In I 5 King's allege for­mally recognised it Ladies'Departmentby then ensconced at 13 KensingtonSquare. The curriculum was greatly ex pan-

Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, with the College s founding [at her, SirJohn A tkins, attending the Golden Jubilee Reception in 1958.

cville Mar h's book has been carefully anextensively researched using archive mater­ial from many sources. Rather than beinga dry commentary on research develop-m nts and curricular detail, it contain alascinating insight into the personalitieinvolved in the College's history. gleanedlargely from private correspondent:e. Theevents leading up to the merger are cover­ed in outline, circumspection being thcke}- note!

TII( IIls{ory of QUCCI/ tli=abc{!I Collegc ­01/1' HUI/dred rears of [,I/h'ersity Lduc·ation is Jvailable from the InformatIOnOttlce. Strand campus and from eviJleMar 'h, Department of Phy 'iology, Kenslngton campus, price £.6.75. The book ishard bound with colour uu t jacket andgold cm bo ed cloth cover. There are 124black and "'hite photographs interspersedamong t the 352 page 01 tex 1. TheForeward has been written by HerMajesty Queen EIi/abcth he QueenMother and in addition to the texl th,'reare five appendices including completeJjstings of Fellows of the ollege, 'ollegeOfficers, all full-time Academic Staff from1915 to 19 5,Student nion Presidentsand Student num bers.

.

lHE M RK BAILEY APPEAL

During the last two years or so colleaguesand friend of Mark Bailey at ChelseaCollege witnes ed with an increa ingsense of helplessnes , the inexorable en­croachment of multiple sclerosis over hishealth and strength. At first, his fellowtechnical taff were kept informed of hiscondition through his local branch ofASTMS. Thereby we were able to reviewwhat practical and moral support wecould give to him. My job as the branchsecretary was to keep in close touch withhim. During my conversations with himbefore Christmas it had become starklyevident that he would be unable to workagain and would require immediate help.Subsequently, we identified that the mostpractical form of assistance that we couldprovide would be an electric wheelchairwhich would at least enable him to getaround with a mea ure of independence.

A t this point, I decided to ask for helpfrom the whole of King's, even though Irealised that only a tiny proportion ofpeople in the newly merged collegeactually knew him. My hopes rested onwhat I perceived to be a sense of commonidentity among a substantial part of thecollege community and that it would belikely that it would wish to help to shinesome light through the dark shadowgathering around the young life of MarkBailey. I must say that I thought that thetarget of £ 1500 which was set (in fact itwas a commitment because the chair wasordered) seemed a tall order. How wrongI was! I had completely underestimatedthe swell of kindness which exists in ourcollege. The fair wind of support fromKing's and its friends helped to sail theappeal way past my original marker.

ontributions from all quarters have res­ulted in an astonishing total of over £2800being reached. '

I feel that I should highlight just twodifferent and revealing aspects of thisendeavour.

During the past eight weeks as the chequeand letters arrived at my office, I becameaware that concern for Mark was not onlyfelt by current King's people. Ex staff,students and councillors of the threeconstituent colleges sent donations andwarm me sages of support. I mu t admitthat I had not anticipated that this appealwould re ult in my tapping into theloyalty and regard felt by old associatesfor the three merging colleges. I t leads oneto reflect on what this must mean toKing's ollege London (KQC).

By contrast, we received an offer from thelandlord of the Builders Arms in Chelseato use his pub for a charity darts match.In one night, the event raised £363.Participation and contribu tions came fromdiverse sources such a a team from the

ConC'uering Heroe 'in orwood ChelseaAFC players, pub regulars and pe~ple fromall the college campu e . In its way I foundthis kindness symbol ised the kind ofassistance which we could receive fromour local communities if only we in univer­sities made a greater effort to turn ourfaces beyond our campuses.

Of course, the central person in all of thisis Mark himself. After Easter, Jai Davidand I visited him in his home town of Dissin orfolk. It is quite evident what hisnew chair means to him as a practical aid.For example, to visit the local library un­assisted will be a boon. The same can besaid for getting out to shops and friendsonce he gets a feel for the machine. Hislocal District Council has promised an

The electric wheelchair, which Mark hasbough t with part of the £2 800 raised b Vfriends and colleagues.' .

adapted home (which he will share withhis sister) a soon as a uitable flat becomeavailable. He will then need many thingsto make his life more comfortable. Theextra £1 ,300 which you have donated willhelp him on his way.

I have said before and now will underlinethat Mark ha received a great boost tohis morale knowing that so many peoplehave been batting for him. He, like me, isamazed that generosity and love can be sofreely given by a college which in its ownway is still finding its feet. I have nodoubt that Mark will expre s his own

thoughts when the words and time seemright.

I will add here that the feeling of beingcut off from colleague is downright lonelyand can easily be overlooked in thi itua­tion. Personal contact is very importantand must be continued. I wonder what wecan do about that?

In conclusion, I would make just threecomments. Fir t1y, whatever we havedone for Mark has more than reaped itsreward in terms of the identification ofKQC fellowship. Sometimes it takes acrisis to make people act freely and sym­pathetically as a community. I have beenalmost overwhelmed by your wonderfulunited generosity.

The second point arises from a suggestionthat I keep Mark's appeal open. I hesitateto do so whatever the strength of his needHowever, I would like to feel that our

ollege would act just as liberally for anyof it colleagues should misfortune arise.An ongoing exclusive appeal could dampenentlusiasm. Maybe we should considerthe etting up of a staff fund based onsmall scale deeds of covenant (with atten­dant tax advantage).

Finally, I shall get around to writing to allindividual and group contributors. Thebottom line to everyone will be myheartfelt thanks for your generosity,concern and love for Mark Bailey.

Ken Bromfield, Biochemistry Dept.

The College has also received the followingletter from Mark's parents:

2 April 1986

On Tuesday we had a visit from Mr KenBromfield, who handed over a cheque for£1,500.

My wife and I are truly amazed at theurn raised in such a short space of time.

We would likc to thank everyone whomade such generous donations.

As you probably know Mark ha purchasedan Electric Wheelchair which I'm sure heappreciates very much. This will not onlymake life a littlc easier, but will also givehim some independence.

We are all very grateful for all the time andhelp given by Mr Bromfield and theCollege.

You rs sin erely

Amy and Alan Bailey

Chelsea Commemoration LectureSCIE CE IS OT E OUGH

delivered bir Montv Finni ton, B. . Ph.D.. F.R, .. F.R..E,

Tue da. far h 18 1986

Introduction

It 1 ah\ay flattering 0 b honoured b~ an academic ins i u ion.partIcularly one of the di 'nc ion of "n ' Colle e ( 'QC). bu JU as, 'penence pro\'e there i no uch thin a a fre lunch. so he pa\'ment

e. acted in the preparation of thi Chel ea Commemoration Lec'ure inot incon iderable in i calls on mental oil and in ellectual weat. Thilecture howe\'er. being the first of it kind. ha one redeemin fea ure:there i no precedent 0 con train the pea er in his choice of subjec .Recoonisino therefore the critical nature of hi e entiallv academicaudience, I have chosen not to pit myself again t the fuller'knowledgeand more modern and ad\'anced prejudice offellow profes ional \\hos ill practice the di cipline I followed in my earlier career. nor to bemu etho e who are ionorant of my subject. and'by 0 doino depend upon theforgiving nature of an audience who are \'mpa hetic to omebodv lessclever than hemselve ' - -

The choice of title. which may urpri e. and he ubject matter\\ hich may urpn e e\'en more. is a con equence of the ag ing proce s\\ hich O\'erta e u all. \Nhen one i young one de\'elops one's ambitionin tudy, qualification and achiev m nt in a profe ional discipline. buta one oro ,. older. one's intere t t"rn to the broader aspects 0 Ih'ingou ide one's OI\n peciali ation. Educated a a metallurgist and

ttracted to it cience. for th greater part of my life I ha\'e beenas ociat d with the academic progres of the subject through researchand de\'elopm nt. more the latter than th former. Through interdi ­clplina~ a sociation with tho e using the kno\\ ledge and experience ofm~tallurgi t . my intere ts ha\'e e.tended in 0 the fields of solid tateand engineering. from there into technology and its indu trial applica­tions and from there into the unscientific em'ironment of political.oeial and economic planning, But although I till love cience and its

e 'citement with it continuing expo ure of the wonders of nature. andalthough I admire greatly the talent of the oncoming generation ofscif'ntist eng'Jged in thi great human activity. I ha\'e reached the tagein life wh r~ science is not enough. e\'en though cience is no\\ part ofthe r.ultur . a \\a~' of life of all nation

rhroughout the world. educational systems - chools. unil'ersitiesand polyter.hnics - are catering to the teaching of science in all its variedhranches. The laboratories of public and private institutions are con­cerned with fundamental and original researches as well as with thedevelopment of existing scientific discoveries. inventions. innovationsor intuitive concepts. Ever since the industrial revolution in this coun­try some 250 years ago, developed nations have reached their presentJ dtUS through establishment of these intellectually inquisitive organi-allons and the transfer of their creative knowledge to ociety's material

progress; and today'S developing nations are following the same patternof institutional creation in the certainty of subsequent comparabledevelopment. Twenty-fi\'e year ago it wa aid that the growth ofnow ledge in quantity (if not in quality) doubled about every 10 years a

gauged by reports and publication of all science . This rate of orowthha not diminished: on the contrary it is probably proceeding at a fasterrate so that by the end of !hi century. he knowledge ba ed on sciencealone a\'ailable to mankind will be four tim a great as it i thi dav Idoubt this knowledge can be a similated bv he human mind (in'di­\'idual or mass) much less find practical use -in major degree, But thennature itself in action i wasteful.

I 'obod\' would question that the applications of cience. theirb nefits and disad\'antages, ha\'e significantly. even revolutionarilvaffected people. particularly in their living conditions. A hundred vear.sago (only three generations past) there were no motor cars. no aerop­lanes, no tele\'ision. no radio, no electronic compu ers. no artificialfibres. no diesel. no telephones. no stainle teel, no microchips. nolaser. no fridges. no dishwashers. no washing machine. no processedfoods. no Hoovers. no zip fastener -to name but a few product - whichtoday's generations would find it hard 0 Ih'e without. It is difficult torelate to peapl who lil-ed 100 year ago - and this process of change isnot ending. On the contrary, our whole lives will be furth rrevolutionised (if by revolution one means the upset of existing pat­tern) industrially and socially tijrough new invention and innovation.Mo t recently robotics. g netic engineering. the optical fibre, computersbased on the concept of artificial intelligence - deriving primarily fromcientific exploration in the first place and then through technological

developments to achie\'ement of particular obj cli\'es - have begun toinfluence our living em'ironment. Thi product innovation advancing

ilnd e pandino material pro re i he predic able eneral pa em ot hunpredic able particularit~ of he fu ure

Knowledoe; pure but not imple

The erm· cience" deri\'e from the Latin cien/ia mean in 0\\-

ledge. dence i concerned with he tudy of nature and it phenomenaand comprehen ion of i workin hrou h generation of knowledge.The udyof dence i based on the assumption that the in-buB law by\\hich the unh'er e operate are con i en and ab olute, The uni\'ersecan chanoe. i changing. but in prede tined fa hion. We do not fullyunderstand the structure of the atom and we still struggle to gain a con-istent picture which would correlate all phenomena relevant to it

behaviour. Scientis s. howe\'er. do not belie\'e tha ome uper-na ural[note th h\'phen] inten'ention could at any time distort the exi tino pat­terns of natural phenomena. that at ome indeterminate moment ome­thing beyond the uni\'erse. can up et the regularity of natural b haviourof that unh'er e. who e proce se we are lowly unfolding,

So-called uper-natural phenomena hould not be confu ed wi ha lad. of understandino beyond our present ignorant tate, What cannotb explained immediately i not to be accepted as beyond e. planation.If an a roplane had flown O\'er J ru alem 2.000 year ago rather than abrighter tar than usual appearing. it would certainly ha\'e excited con-iderable wonder and ma\' even ha\'e b en belie\'ed to ha\'e b en auper-natural phenomeno-n. Mayb not all but much more will be

revealed of natur a cienti t enquire into it. but in the context ofscience I do not belie\'e in tip r-natural phenomena. we bornecognizant of ne\\ or e\'en recognised phenomena of nature. one can onlyadmire - admire in fact is 00 weak a word - the wonder of the con is­tent pattern of creation, and if yOU cannot admire the inherent consis­tencv of behaviour of nature yOU can at least admir it for its ae theticqualities. That one can reproduce !i\'ing being from a single cell \\ hichcarries all the information nece sary for it continuing reproduction (thegenetic code) i belie\'ably unbelievable: and the concept of blackholes in the unh'erse. the nature of galaxies. nuclear fission or fusion,atomic tructure. evolutionar~ proces e - or whate\'er. are equall~

mind-boggling.

Scientists do not conceive that the basic patterns of behaviour ofnatural phenomena as we knO\\ them will change radically. and scien­lists as ume (with no evidence so far to the contrary) that there is nouper-natural world that can transcend or modify in significant degree

the natural universe in which we live; the natural is complicated enoughwithout further confusing it with the super-natural of which we have noknowledge or experience, As Occam po tulated: "\Yhat can be donewith fewer assumptions is done in vain with more", Human beings canmake minor changes in nature through technology. We can transformmaterials and modifv natural features but oolv in secondary fa hion andconfined to our em,ironment the earth. nor \~ould uch niinor changesbe able to be done were it not a feature of nature that they could be done.

- finite but unboundedFrom the moment of the "big bang". natural phenomena and their

con equences were pre-ordained. and what cience is about is findingout about nature. understanding nature. removing ignorance of nature,Religionists generally prai e God with the creation of the universe;cienti Is by unfolding the wonders of nature justify these praises by

showing the elegance of nature, everal millenia ago the \vise men ofthat time sang God's praises but they did not appreciate in the faintestdegree the wonders they were praising - the galaxie . black holes.pulsars. quasars. atomic structures. fission. fusion. or nearer home thephysics. chemistry and biology of people. E\'en today we are con tantlybeing surprised by nature's subtleties, Scientists. with their imperativeto understand the way nature is constructed and operates. are theprophets of the present. They in fact forecast and predict the outcome ofnatural phenom na with much greater precision and on much strongerfoundation than the prophets of yesteryear. We still have a lot to learnhowe\'er. I have in my study a book entitled "The Encyclopaedia ofIgnorance". and a big book it i at that, but if there is ever a revisededition, the passage of lime will not reduce its size or content. On thecontrary. as phenomena are explained or new features expo ed. so iscreated a further complex of ignorance which has to be examined ingreater and greater detail to obtain understanding. That very detailrequire more research. Solutions raise questions and questions raise

problems, When I was at university the atom was a nucleus ot protonswith electrons rotating in orbits around it neutrali ing the charge; thencam the neutron (was that really only in 1932?); and now we havepions, muons, me ons, neutrinos. anti-particles and so many new Jekyllparticle and Hyde waves that what we were certain about a generationago i now conjecture.

Scif'nce is ba ed on rea on formali ed in logic and rea on dictatethat we should continue with science, so whv do I say that cience i notenough? It is becau e I do not believe that the probleins of ye terdayandtoday which face the society of humans are those which derive mainlvfrom'science quo science. 'True. some of our problems derive fromtechnology based on science, but science is not technology. We usecience to advance technology and we u e technology to advance

science, but science and technology are not the same thing althoughthey are interdependent and use the same methodology, techniques andpractices to further their development. Tho e of us trained profession­ally are taught how to face, even solve, the problems of our own dis­cipline. Scientists know how to set up experiments to generate newknowledge, and hopefully in that generation of new knowledge, createnew concepts and new ideas which lead in due course to newtechnologies and new industries; engineers learn through theory. prac­tice and experience to design structures or artefacts which improve theconditions of living in our society; in medicine great strides are made asa result of research and experience in new techniques either of treat­ment or of surgery. All these discipline have their own techniques andmethods by which they advance the status of their discipline and itscontributions to society's needs or demands. But what we have notlearned as a society is how to conduct ourselves outside these profes­sions as citizens of a community to the greater betterment of thesecommunities.

There are ofcourse difficulties in the organisation and managementof science and scientists but they are trivial by comparison with theorganisation and management of society and of people in society. Thedifficulty for scientists lies in the allocation of resources for science butwhere resources are allocated to scientific projects, scientists know howto go about setting up their experiments or theories to gain advancedknowledge in the subject of their choice. The scientific method andmethodology are not standardised and hopefully this will never be thecase, since it is only by using new approaches that new information andnew understanding will come. But there is at least a common apprecia­tion within the scientific community on how to conduct science anddevelop scientific knowledge. Where differences exist between scien­tists they are resolved through debate, discussion. further experimentand test until the differences are eliminated. Science in its outcome isdemocratic although it achieves its democracy through elitism.

The society of humans: making the rulesThe problems of our society however are not those which emerge

from knowledge of the processes of nature. They are associated with thebehaviour of man, and specifically in his relationships with otherhuman beings. And on this, science has little or nothing to say. The con­duct of individuals in communal behaviour is decided not by laws ofnature but by the edicts of man himself through principles and practiceswhich are not immutable, are not the same for different people, and areliable to change with the passage of time and circumstance. Forexample, the innovations of technology create opportunities for differ­ences in behaviour which before the invention would not have beenaccepted or acceptable to communities or nations. Let me give just oneexample. There can be no doubt that premarital sex was, and still is,frowned upon by many religious cultures. Although practised in pastages it probably was with a sense ofguilt, and in the case of women, fearof pregnancy. There is no law of nature, however, which forbids pre­marital sex but there are laws of man which do. Todav, however, thecontraceptive pill has completely modified attitudes towards pre­marital sex and has even affected the concept of marriage with the resultthat the tenets of some religions are being sorely tried. The POSSLQ(People of Opposite Sex Sharing Living Quarters) outside marriage hascome to stay introducing a new feature in the organisation of our societalstructure.

Today's world is rife with questions as to the validity and accept­ability of laws made by man in the past for man's individual and com­munal behaviour not just confined to local, even national boundariesbut extending into the international field. This question of ethical andmoral behaviour is not a concern of science since science is neutral,science is amoral, science does not concern itself with value judge­ments. Perhaps a concern for truth is the only moral precept whichscience can inject into the behaviour of man. It is a characteristic ofscience that no cientist would either wish to Dout, or could Dout truth,since if he did he would be exposed at some time or another through theaccretion of knowledge with time. There have been cases in scientificcircles where individuals have offended but it is of interest that their

failure to tell the truth ha been expo ed by later studi . Truth inscience. as in life generally is not ea i1y come by. however; cientifictudies follow unintended fal e paths through theories which are later

found wanting through experiment or found to be only partl~ true.Ein tein v i'\ewton for example. The path to ab olute truth is trewnwith defecti\'e )Onpost and misleading directions.

And vet if we are to construct a ociet\· in which it number cangain greater sati faction in living, we must in some way advance therules by which society hould conduct it elf. In the past the e guidelineto better lh'ing not in the material. but in the social. en e have beengh'en by religions which. although they may differ in many respect intheir protocols and symbolisms. have much in common in the pronun­ciation of their ethical and moral \·alues. After all, the sages of the oldwere not concerned with cientific research or de\'elopment or withtechnological innO\'ation or invention. Their thoughts were confined toobservations of men and women and their beha\'iour as individuals inthe context of the society of which they were a part. For hundreds ofyears generations of wise men debated, discu sed and argued aboutgreat generalisations of principle and practice; and in the end, aftermuch trial and almost as much error, emerged many of those principlesof conduct which obtain today with as much relevance as they did thesethousands of years ago. These sages, not always of high intellectualcalibre, disputed between themselves how people and particularlycommunities should behave, and they gained acceptance of their vi wsby methods which would not gain the same allegiance today and whichwould not pass some ethical tests. They arrogated to themselves author­ity and power and they generated fear of the upernatural which theydid not control but with which they threatened people if their man­made rules were disobeyed. otwithstanding this unjustifiableapproach (some might even question its morality) the ancients (who, letme repeat, knew nothing of science or technology) did arrive at someexpression of moral standards which at least allowed individual com­munities to live together and give themselves a sense of indentificationin common cause. As the years progressed there were built upon the econvictions and the institutions which gave them human presence,standards covering new human situations, some written, ome passedon orally (and possibly distorted in the process), some ob erved as com­mon custom.

In later years religious concepts were complemented byphilosophies which did not involve the concept of God but consideredhuman behaviour on generalised, often idealised or even abstract con­cepts. This constant search for guiding principles in the conduct ofman's living has become more and more vital as living becomes moreand more complex and more opportunities for enlarging experience arecreated. Dependence upon each other (both in the conduct of earning aliving and supporting ourselves materially, and through gaining thebenefits of leisure from the new opportunities presented by technologyor in imaginative leaps in the humanities and arts) demands some rulesin reI alionshi p. What is needed is expression of principles of conduct ifwe are not to experience unnecessar conDict in society through injus­tice and inhumanity, or at worst the chaos of anarchy. What worries­not just concerns - most people today are the insecurities of societies atcommunitv, national and international level, obvious insecuritieswhich offe'iJ.d against reason and against all or certain sections ofsociety.

uclear and conventional killing in war are indictments of our societyand against reason (I find it irrational to argue that conventional warfareis acceptable where nuclear war is not); burglary, rape, child abuse,crime of all kinds, deprivation and poverty including the worst excessesof starvation, slavery or submission, offend. The laws by which the uni­verse runs itself and which man i exploring do not include laws bywhich man conducts himself. The Ten Commandments are not laws ofnature. Ambrose Bierce (the American humorist) once defined theDecalogue as "a series of commandments, ten in number, just enough topermit an intelligent selection for observance, but not enough toembarrass the choice", but the Ten Commandments are a step in theright direction by which people behave.

The moralities of livingWhy is it that we can apply rules of procedure to our professional

interests but fail to agree these in trying to establish patterns of socialbehaviour? The answer lies partly in the complexity of these socialissues, partly in failure to quantify emotional guidelines, partly in hav­ing to make value judgements, values which change with developmentsin technology as these generate new issues and new conditions of living.Yet it is in the social conduct of our society that the great problems oftoday rest - and we stumble in our attempts to resolve them. It is mygeneration and that of your parents which created these problems. Per­missiveness arose through passivity and absence of di ciplinedthought. Although I have no doubt that in your own time you will gener­ate ever new problems for later generations to solve, it is to your genera­tion that we look for some resolution, certainly amelioration of som ofthe present problems. -

Society which quite properly considers such activities as mugging,stealino , murder, fraud as criminally anti-social. properly impose con­straints on the freedom of individuals to beha\'e as they wish. Thephrase 'law and order' is commonly used by the British. Although itwould be supposed that law itself would be sufficient determinant insupport of order. order does not necessarily equate with law. Peoplemay introduce order which has no legal constraint into their lives as aresult of religiou teaching, education, custom or simply inherentvalues which obtain consciously or subconsciously hrough li\'ingas ociations. Morality is the recognised values which society puts uponits relations between individual members in their conduct towards eachother whether this be in community affairs, municipal, national or inter­national, or in business or in particular groups with common interests.The general morality by which society operates is a measure of thedegree of freedom which a society will allow its citizens or at worst con­done behaviour. The general principles on which such morality in oursociety are based are the basic tenets of world religions of earlier eras,updated possibly. But general principles have to accommodate specificcases and as the conditions of civilised industrialised living becomemore complex, more interdependent and freer in intellectual approach,it become more difficult to determine the precise moral line to adopt (aswitness the issues of abortion, the bomb, pre-marital sex, etc.). Perhapsin a modern context Ten Commandments are insufficient to meet theproblems of today and tomorrow; or perhaps the scriptures want up­dating by re-interpretation.

Morality is about values generally unquantifiable in their effects butqualitatively judged to be to the greater benefit of the majority - and incivilised communities - protecting minority interests. I have alreadyreferred to the sages of two or three mUlenia ago who had time andopportunity to think about man's conduct without the intrusion ofscientific or technological research to create new situations. Did theyhave some general concepts which might guide? Perhaps I am post­rationalising, but the assumed the obvious basic condition that for arelationship to be established between people required a principlewhich was beyond self - but involved self. The Jewish sages resolvedthis in elegant fashion by asking three questions. The first was 'if I amnot for myself who will be for me?'. ow that is the voice of the entre­preneur; it is the voice of the ambitious, the self-interested. Then theyadded a second question, '!fnot now, when?'. Now that is the voice ofprogress, the voice of change. But then they queried the first two ques­tions with a third. 'But if I am only for myself. what am I?' ow that isthe voice of social conscience; that is the voice of charity; that is thevoice which requires man-made principles based not on one's ownneeds but on the needs of others.

The expression 'Love thy neighbour as thyself' may appear to be thesame thing. but it is not. That precept is an instruction; it imposes a con­dition which most, if not all of us would find extraordinarily difficult tomeet with everybody since everybody today is your neighbour. 'If I amonly for my elf what am I?' is not a law. It does not express a specificinjunction. It leaves matters unanswered but it does expect an answer.To ask that one should think of others by implying that if you do not,what sense is there in one's own existence is asking one to look at one­self in relation to others - and to do this as a conscious effort. To thinkof others in the context of oneself is at least a reasoned approach to com­munity living since many of the attitudes and practices we adopt andwhich cannot be justified on considerations external to one's owninterests, relate to the question 'if I am only for myself what am I?'. Forexample, one could argue that there is no economic case which wouldjustify caring for the very sick, the very old or the physically or mentallyinfirm. But the fact is that people do care, and they do not attempt to jus­tify their actions through scientific argument or economic or logicalreasoning. There are principles like 'survival of the fittest' which obtainin nature as part of creation but which do not obtain in man's living.

Charity: a special case1do not believe that if we look at the physical laws of the universe

from which science derives its justification, there is much, if anything,and truth apart to be gained from science in deciding how we conductour lives in a social sense. 1do not believe that there are absolute lawsof conduct in our society corresponding to the absolute laws of thenatural universe. 1 do believe that there are principles general andspecific which should determine the conduct of man's affairs with theexpress intent of facilitating man's living in relation to man. There areproblems of man's living in relation to nature, but that can be subsumedin the conduct of man. There is recognition of this need of principles ofliving in philosophy, in politics and in efforts by individuals or com­munities to meet the social challenges of their conununity or of thenation of which they are citizens or in the international field of whichthey are members.

Take, for example, charity as one aspect of morality. Of the threemainstays of human behaviour - faith, hope and charily - the act of

charity is not just the greatest as we are told but also the most surprising.Faith and hope are per onal to the individual and self-intere t covetsome priority. Charity, however, goes beyond the individual. Charityinvolves others, others who are e\'en pecial. not because of birth.wealth, influence. power or authority but rather otherwise. harityrelates to those who in the world of affairs would be consideredliabilities to be rejected in an 'ordered ociety where the economic ofcost benefit analy i ruled. Somebody once aid 'Charity i the power ofdefending that which is indefensible'. In an inhumane world, whowould defend the sick. the old, those who suffer from physical or mentaldefects, those in poverty or need, and tho e others less fortunate who arenot in a position to help themselves? Thankfully the world still hashumanity, does acknowledge and assume responsibility towards thosewho require special care.

Bob Geldof knows nothing of science but he did care for people forwhom he had no direct responsibility; Stevie Wonder, a blind, blacksinger, devoted his energies for 'Children in Need'; or Mother Teresa orthousands of individuals of whom the world knows nothing. There areinstitutions to which people voluntarily give their services to correctwhat they consider injustice, or unfairness or to assist the disadvan­taged. What motivates them are not the laws of nature but some greaterappreciation and justification of their own existence - that 'if they areonly for themselves, what are they?'.

Charity, like many other words in the English language, has lostsome of its original meaning and intent. But charity derives from theLatin caritas, meaning care and affection. The modern Latin for charilyis actually amor - love. It means giving without expectation of a directreturn to the giver; more importantly it means giving not in the sensethat the giver is superior and the recipient inferior, but from one humanto another with caritas -love and care. The term 'Cold as charity' is animpossible conjugation of terms; if it is charity it cannot be cold and if itis cold il is not charity.

Observed in the breachHow do we arrive at man-made principles of conduct in a wider

context than charity, either to meet the modern conditions of complexsocieties or make the old principles, of which many have stood the testof time, work? There are many features relating to the conduct of peoplewhich would be acknowledged by the vast majority as immoral, eg thetaking of human life would not be condoned as acceptable practice andyet we have seen in recent years not just murder but genocide, thedeliberate killing of six million people, men, women and children in theHolocaust; and in more recent days in mature societies like SouthAfrica, the South American states, the Philippines and in developingsocieties, violent destruction of people for reasons which would not becondoned by moral conscience. Freedom of speech would be consi­dered a proper activity of a civilised society, an essential element inhuman relationship, et its censorship, the suppression of elements ofinformation, distortion, deliberate misleading or slanting of viewswhich give a view divorced from the truth (however defined) arecommonplace. The definition of what constitutes basic human rights asdefined by the Helsinki Convention in 1977 (it takes a long time toupdate ourselves in our behaviour), is observed in the breach. Peopleoffend against accepted or at least acknowledged conditions of humanbehaviour which have been with us for millenia and which would makefor the better behaved society. If after all this time misdemeanors orworse obtain. what odds can be given that things will be better con­ducted in the future by greater numbers of people? The answer must bethat there can be no certainty - but the need for improved socialbehaviour urges action.

It is unrealistic to imagine that one can change attitudes of man inhis social responsibilities by instruction much less by edict. People'sattitudes to society - which means other people - will only change as aresult of thought directed not to their own advantage but to the moregeneral advantage of society. This process of thinking can obtainthrough education, an education based upon reason applied to thegreater good. Reason is sufficient for science since science exploresreason inherent in the universe. But reason in man's affairs is not a suf­ficient criterion. If the objective is unethical, reason applied to it doesnot make it less immoral. Reason applies to all kinds of situations ofwhich we do not approve and of which we are afraid. Take military dis­cussions, for example, which debate what would happen in an eventualwar. This planning is done with the utmost reason and logic - war gamesin which one uses humans as chess pieces are played with remarkableobjectivity; scenarios are computer-aided with the largest and mostadvanced machines using the most esoteric mathematical equations;plans which excite intellectual admiration for the elegance of their solu­tions are based on the same principles by which science (in the sense 1have already defined) operates in its sphere; but the objective is not mor­ally attractive, and even advanced scientific techniques applied tohuman behaviour in some activities do not make the undesirable moreacceptable.

I education the ke to morality?In a dialo ue be ween Amold Tombee and Dai aku Ikeda in a boo

en I led "Choo e Life", Ikeda sa: Jia 'mo t people acquire a certaindegree 01 owled e of morali y hrough formal education, paren al di -cipline and readin .- bu i i no ab olu ely certain ha thi O\ded,ill b come a cri erion for action. In fac i ometime happens tha

people' behadour i qui e contrary to their ow n moral traiDiDa incethe e c of emo ion exert in human bein a rona an influence a(and in certain i ua ion stronger influence) tha of reason. Emo ion can

t he upper hand and uppress 0\\ ledge which i dependen uponrt on Emo ion i elf can be moral or immoral. logical or iIIo ical III iin en . Emotion can be re\'ealed egoi m. 'If! am no for my elf \\ ho willb for me?'. Thi elf 100'e can be e. ended 0 embrace famih', ello\\countrYmen, na ion and race where he bene t to be den\'ed are 0 one-elf a much a he beneficiary. Emo ion can pre\'ent one from doin the

thing one know i good and allow one 10 commi the ac one knows ile han good Ignorance too can bypass morali y. Perhap we do nolteach morality ufficien Iy trongly to children, 0 heir paren and 0

the communi le in which they li\·e. Perhaps we underrate the subcon-ciou influence which reason and rational thought could exercise on

our behaviour; perhaps we should subconsciously keep asking our-elves 'If I am onlY for my elf what am I?'. I belie\'e that the deter­

mination of moral 'values and their acceptance by the community atlarge. and the change in these attitude a new knowledge or features ofliving intrude upon our society through technology or through con­cepts, should be a constant objective of society ince if we do not re olveour problems there will be no society as we would wish it. We can learnto adjust our ociety for the greater good through education. But educa­tion i a long term process and moral education takes e\'en longer 0 beeffective.

Moral conscience is not an inherent genetic feature in man, andmorality is not a discrete et of principle to which everybody adhere.Morality develops only slowly with time. experience and education. Itis ubj et to con tant argument and qu stion. since the condition ofsociety are not table because of new concepts, technology or ne\\philo ophies and religion. It is difficult enough to teach disciplines likephy ics or math matics or biology but much more difficult to teach andhave accepted moral discipline. Teaching the basics ofsecular subjectsi a once-for-all affair; teaching morality is a continuous process. Teach­III require t achers. Who i to teach morality? Many try. but theirpupil consider themselves equally knowledgeable. unlike the teacher/pupil relationship which obtains in secular subjects.

Freedom and licence are not always distinguished particularlywhere expediency determines behaviour. If anarchy is not to reign thenhuman beings will have to conduct their affairs in patterns ofbeha\'iourwhich are restrictive, not against individuals per se, but because societygain greater benefit from observance of agreed and accepted rules thanfrom individual preferences. Human rights, Le. rights which do not dis­criminate between individuals. have been explicitly accepted as anessential element in progressive civilisation. The Magna Carta, the SDeclaration of Independence, the Old and ew Testaments, AnatolyScharan ky and other indh'iduals are examples. but people have to bemade aware of the e desirable conditions of living for the betterment ofodety as a whole, as part of the educational process. It should not

therefore surprise that when I said that science is not enough I meantalso that teaching of science as a pecialisation to the exclusion of otheraspects of the activities of our society. is not enough either. In short itshould be part of our secular education not just to ad\'ance individualin ellectual disciplinary knowledge or gain a qualification of profes-ionalism. but we hould be taught how to behave in society, how we

should relate to others. Morality is not what happens internally to theindiddual; morality is what makes itselffelt where others are invoh'ed.

If one is to educate to observe the civilised activities of society, thenthiS must happen at the earlie t stages. The Jesuit aid 'Give me achildbefore e\'en and I will bring him up to be the man I want'. That thingmight improve through formal education. therefore, attracts. I wouldconsider that the curricula of chools should always have in it an ele­ment of the humanities, In the olden day, chools started the day witha hort interlude based on religious instruction. Iam not suggesting thatwe should return to this since the instructions were complicated by theconcept of God which is difficult enough for adults to conceive muchless children to assimilate or understand. But perhaps haIfan hour a dayat chool on moral teaching and perhaps special courses on morality aspart of the curricula for the technical disciplines would not come amiss,because the thought-provoking ideas on issues relevant to society con­tained therein, once implanted and the impressions created, will at leastlie in the ub-conscious and at best condition people to avoid actionswhich militate against society.

Will it work? Who can say; but it can do no harm and may do good.There ar of course pessimists who see no hope. Robert Burns (and youwould not expect a Scot not to quote Robert BurnsJ was a pessimist who

may ha\'e belie\'ed in morali v in he ab trac bu no in i ob en'anceor prac ice. He wro e '

., loralitv thou deadh' baneThy en 'of thou and' thou has lain\'ain i hi hope \\ho e ay and TU isIn moral. mercy. truth and ju ice ~

The communal freedom of deci ionT\\ 0 fea ures 0 man are hI po \ ers 0 rea on and p ch - \\ hich

do no ah\ av wor in co-ordina ed a hion, There hould be morpublic debate on he e hical and moral ma ter affectin our \\ay oflif ,no by he me hods by which people how di ent in many conflic of\'iew, e.g. tri'e, marche, ince ho e change h le. Public deba e canonly lead to clarification of the point at i ue and perhap in due coura consen u a itude or policy, R li ions prac ice this throu h ermonand debate; the law i de ermined by di cu ion; philo ophie areargued until a con en u (for or again tJ emerge. There can be no betterexample of how to conduct or determine public attitude to moral que ­ions han the open di cu ion on the \\'arnoc propo al them eh'e .

When is a foetus not a foetus? The argument here i not the academicone of just deciding whether 14 days or whatever is the age at which thenervous ystem of the foetus feel pain. What was important was thatthe code of conduct which would be acceptable to the public at large,and by which they would be prepared to operate in situations created bya new technology. wa established; and as important that any change inknowledge which might arise "ith the pa age of time and incrementalknowledge in medicine might lead to acceptable moral accommodation.

ince I do not believe that all moralit\, i ab olute ( ome i ) let mequote my own attitude. It is to look. for the better option. and a impley tern of test to determine whether one is on the right line or not i to

re\'er e the principle of conduct you wi h to follm·., Fer e'(amp!e, i oneta e the Ten Commandment, \\ ould the world be a better place if wedid kill or we did steal or we did commi adulterv or we did covet \\ hat­ever, or we dishonoured our parents? The answer to me i clear, The TenCommandments are a better gUide than the reverse of he Ten Com­mandment would be. It may till not be the best bu i i le er than there\' rse alternath'e, If there ( omething still better let u, no\\ of it.

ConclusionSome time ago an article "The Trousered Ape" by the author

Duncan Williarns, characteri ed our age as one of escalating dolencp.and intemperance. In William 'dew. the sole hope for our continuingexistence tended upon realisation of the hopes ad\'anced by LordClarke. In a teledsion eries entitled "Ch'ili ation". Clad"e's idealtowards which he wanted men and women of good sense to strive. wasstated as follow. '/ wholly remember beliefs that have been repudiatedby the lively intellects of our time. I belie\'e that order is better thanchao ,forgiveness than vendetta. On the whole I think that knowledgeis better than ignorance and I am sure that human sympathy is betterthan ideology. I believe that in spite of the recent triumph. of rienremen have not changed much in the last 2.000 years and in consequencewe must still trv to learn from history. Above all I believe in the God­gh'en genius o(certain individuals and I \'alue ociet~ tha makes theirexistence possible.'

How do we go about achieving thi preferred tate? There is ofcourse no sinale solution but the \\ a\' to find an wers. I. believe rests inpart on more and more education. of impro\'ing education. not in a par­ticular discipline but on the unquantifiable culture ofli\'ing. In no placeis that more likelv to be inculcated and learned than in the societ\' of auniversity, or co~parable institution. The Je uits found this out ~'earsago in their own way. ndergraduates, po tgraduate and po t-ex­perience . tudents' have the opportunity to engage in debate. discu -ion. e\'en practice of the way they would like to see the society. in

which they will make or are making their own contribution. beha\'emore sati factorily: and they would ba e these \'alue judgements onmore knowledge and le ignorance, more order and les chao . moresympathy and le s ideology, particularly ideology based on generali edpolitical manifestos which rarely survive eLections,

In recent years what appears to have been relegated is the conceptthat a univer ity is more than a place in which to gain a degree for profes­sional competence and qualification, For undergraduates it is the start ofadult independence in which th y are on their own. drawing away fromparental influence but derivingas much ofthe wider benefits ofassocia­tion with society as a whole in societ\'s multifarious activities outsidetheir career discipline. The university provides a unique opportunityfor engaging in the kind of cultural milieu which determines one' wayof life. one's moral environment. in which you might wi h to continue.So it i in the pirit not only ofadvancing your own career but in the pro­cess advancing the interests of our society by example and by posith'eapplication of values which your generation considers beneficial to themany, that I dedicate this address. 'If YOU are onlv for your elf. what areyou?' '. ,

The Naming of the Train on 10 April was one of the first events of the University ofLondon's 150tl1 Anniversary celebrations. Pictured here, at ,ha' is event is HRHPrincess Anne, Chancellor of the University together with the Principal,}lfr Peter Holwell.Full details of the el'ents planned for the coming year to celebrate the A nniversary willbe Listed in the May edition .of Commcllt.

UNIVERSITY NEWS

EWS FROM SE ATE

Dis ussion at the March meeting of theniversity Senate focussed on two main

issues: the progres of the Steering Grouplooking at Senate Institutes, and the pos­sibilities open to the Univer ity for thedevelopment of continuing education.

Professor Cowan Chairman of the SenateVote Steering Group, outlined the Group'sprogress and current thinking:

"the Steering Group had come to the con­clusion that it needed more informationabout four Senate Institutes (Common­wealth, Germanic, Latin American, andUnited States Studies). With advice fromthe British Academy, four Fellows of theAcademy were invited to give their viewson these four Institutes. Three reports havebeen received to date and are currentlybeing examined. The remaining report willbe available, I hope, by the beginning ofnex t term."

"Since its interim report the Group hasalso turned its attention in greater detailto the Senate Activities."

"I n the case of all the activities funded bythe Senate, the Group is acutely awarethat the purpose underlying its exercise isto find ways of reducing costs while at thesame time safeguarding and pre ervingthose functions which are indispensable tothe University's academic effectiveness. Inthe pre ent financial circumstances majoreconomies can only be achieved by re­organisation and rationalisation. In somecases funding deficiencies must be madeup by both maximising income earningpotential and also by rationali ing non­academic support service, uch as finan­cial, personnel and premises administrationand also library services. With thi latterpoint in mind, tudies are currently beingcarried out by officers into the po ibilityof increa ing the upport provided bySenate House or centralising appropriateservices on the Senate House.'-

"In other cases the solution might befound in mergers, such as the merger ofthe Institute of Archaeology with niver­sity College which is now being discus ed.In other cases it may be nece sary to pro­tect the work of some in titutes by disper­sing it amongst Schools already possessingstrength in the relevant field of ludy. Toensure in both cases that acce to libraryresources and expertise in these fields re­mains available to the University as awhole, the Steering Group has worked outguidelines to which any such mergers willbe required to conform."

"All of these issues will be considered fur­ther in the Steering Group's next interimreport which it proposes to make to the

Joint Planning Committee on April 24.When any firm proposals for change emergethe relevant trade unions and of course theInstitutes and Activities themselves will beconsulted before such proposals appear."

The Vice'{:hancellor introduced a debateon continuing education indicating hiswish to 'make progress in the identificationof a coherent policy ... having regard to thewide range of provision throughout all ourSchools and Activities". Informal discus­sions in February had brought him to theview that there was a clear need to reviewcurrent provision and co-ordinate futuredevelopments. He was convinced of thewealth of expertise available within theUniversity and encouraged discussion tohelp point out the way forward. Discussiondid indeed ensue and highlighted the needto approach such provision professionallyand sensibly. Market research would benecessary to identify areas of need, toavoid duplication of effort, and to pitchany cour es at the correct academic andfinancial level. The University had to reco­gnise the importance of such work notonly in its administrative and acad~micresourcing bu t also in accepting its rele­vance in staff asses ment and evaluation.It was a complex area in which much valu­able work was already being done and theoverall message conveyed was that if anyfurther development was planned it wasessential that it be planned carefully, withproper con ideration and back-up.

In hi oral tatement the Vice'{:hancellorcongratulated the Working Party on Decen­tralisation e tablished in 1982 and nowdi charged having completed its review."Their recommendations should greatlyassist in the implification of administra­tion at the centre and the development ofappropriate functions to Schools. ThiReport, however, although a major effort,can only be regarded as an initial stage ...it makes little sense to talk of reform ofthe Senate House administration exceptin the context of the administration of theUniversity a a whole". He went on todraw attention to the efficiency studiesput in hand by the Principal, relevant tothe University's response to Jarratt, andlooked to the help and collaboration ofHeads of Schools, and particularly Secre­taries of Schools, in achieving necessaryexpenditure reductions in this area.

Senate "concurred" on several CommitteeReports and recommendations; notablythe re-election of Dr A-D Betts to the postof Deputy Vice-<::hancellor for the periodSeptember I 1986 to August 31 1987; theco-option to Senate for the period Septem­ber I 1986 to August 31 1990 of ProfessorRA Howie and Sir David Innes Williamsand the co-option of the following recog~nised teachers for the same period; DrLinda ewson from King's, Dr Hirom(St Mary's), Mr Lewis (Westfield), DrPrebble (RHB C) and Dr Stephenson(UCL).

THELO DO S M~ER CHOOLI CLASSICS1-IOJuly 19 6,at King's College London, Strand,LO DO ,WC2R 2LSTel 01·8365454 ext 2343

The emtnar is open to all graduate atKing's. ter the summer term. ".. hen iti being ho ted by the Engli h Gradu te

eminar, It ill meet independentl,. n>-one ""ho i tntere ted in artendmg orsu milling a paper hould 'ont 't theDean 01 the College. The eminar is not'onhned to tho e with an intere t 10 theChn lIan religJOn. It 1 on erncd generally""lth the intera tIon of rdigJOn and liter­alLrre, whether from a literar>. Iingui tior theological point 0 VIew,

For lurther detail, plea'c writc to theUas jc Secretary at the above address.Thc L1o. ing dote for apphcation i 23 May19 6.

The London Summer School will be heldat King' College this ummer. Cour ewill be offered on Latin and Greek forab olute beginners, for tho e with a httIelingul tl knowledge, and for tho e of '0'level tandard and above. Sl.hooJ pupilsand L.nlVl.'r 'Ily tudent will be welcome.The course. which i' non-residential, ost£2 00.

23 - 29 July 1987, Michigan Univer ityA CHEBRATIO OF DIVERSITYPaper Theme: Girls and Women - SClCnceand Technology: Research, Evaluation,Programs

Inqulries/lnformation from:

Cinua-Sue DavI ,Director, Women in Science Program350 S. Thayer StreetAnn rbor,Ml4 109

InqUIry deadline: I July 19

GIRLS AOGY4Fourth International GASAT Conference

PPROACHES TO ISLA~f

KI G'S COLLEGE SE I R 0RELIGIO 0 LITERATURE

lbert Hourani, M . ,C.B.E.Formerly Reader in the Modern History

of the iddle East, Univer ity of Oxford)

"" ill give three le ture entitled

Thur day 24 AprilF.D. MAURl EA D THE RELlGIO SOFTHE WORLD

Thursday 1 MayISLAM I • THE HlSTOR Y OF Cl ILlZ

TIO.'

Thursday 8 MayLOUIS MASSIG, 0 A 'D THCCIE CE OF COMP SSIO '

5.30pm, The ew Theatre, Strand Campus

THE F. D. 1 RICE LECTURES 19 6

4-cour e meal and entertainmentPn e: 10 per head

Thursday 8 MayTHt'VIA tGATlVA I TI/E POETRYOF R.S. THOMASRichard Harries

5.30pm, English Common Room, StrandCampus

The first two meetings of the semlOar willtake place in the ummer Term on thefollowing dates. They are belOg run 10

conjunction with the English GraduateSeminar.

Thursday 5 JuneCHARLES WILLlAMS 0 DA TE: AREADI G OF THt UGURl: Of' Bl:ATRIG'Brian Horne

Professor Heinz Wolff, pictured on March 3 giving a Maxwel/ Society lecture entitled 'LifeWithout Gravity'.

Friday 2 MayMA WELL SOCIETY A T UAL 01 LRat the London 1nternational Press Centre

BIOTECHNOLOGY SPECIAL I TER­EST GROUP PUBLIC LECTURE

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY SPECiALI TEREST GROUP PUBLIC LECTURE

A PUBLIC LECTURE r THE DEPART­ME T OF WAR STUDIES

THE MAXWELL SOCIETY

A PUBLIC LECT REME T OF E GLISH

Tuesday 13 MayDIFFERE T APPROACHES TOFOREIG POll Y

ir icholas Hcnder on. G.C.M.G.5.30pm, The ew Theatre, Strand Campu

Wedne day 7 MayPROTEI, TR eT RE A. '0 COMP

T R GRAPH I S 11 OR G DESIGProfes or T Blundell, FRS, BirkbeckCollege3.00pm, Allen Theatre, Ken ingtonCampu

Tuesday 6 MayKARL B RTH .'0 E CHATOLOGIC

L RE LI .1Profes or Ingolf DaJferth, niver ity ofTiibingen4.30pm, Room 6C, Strand Campus

Tue day 6 MayTH IMAGE OF THE ROYAL H LL'1 BEOW LFProfe or E B Irving, Univer ity ofPenn ylvania (at King's College 19 5 6)5 .30pm, The ew Theatre, Strand Campus

LECTURES, MEETINGS AND SEMINARS

P BLlC LECTURE THE F C LTYOF THEOLOGY A D RELlGlO SS DIES

A P BUC LECTURE I THE DEPART­ME T OF PALAEOGRAPHY

Thursday 8 MayGE E ACTIVATlO I DEVELOPMENT BY CELL 1 TERACTlO SProfessor John Gurdon, FRS, Universityof am bridge5.30pm, Room 3820, Strand Campus

Thur day 22 MayML·DII.VAL LlBR RlCS OF GERMA~YOr tgrid L Kramer, Bayerische kademieder Wissenschaften: Kommission zurHerau gabe mittelaJterlicher Bibliothek ­katalogue Deu tschlandsS.30pm, Room 3820, Strand campus

STAFF NEWS

VICE PR CIPAL FORFURTHER YE R

FolJowing a reque t from the Principal,Professor H J V Tyrrell appointed VicePrincipal for the 19 5/86 session, hasagreed to stay on in post for a furtheryear.

Mr F Darwin (Chairman)Mr P D Moore (Scientific Co-ordinator)Mr AT EvansDr J HoneyDr J I PitmanDr BD TurnerDr J K WhiteThe Warden of RogateThe Finance Officer

SUB-DEA FOR EDUCATION

Dr A L ManseIJ has been appointed Sub­Dean of the Faculty of Education from1/4/86.

PUBLIC RECORDS COU CILAPPOI TME T

Dr Henry Roseveare, a Reader in the Dep­artm~nt of History at the College, has beenapp01l1ted by the Lord Chancellor to serveon the Advisory Council on Public Records.The Council advises the Lord Chancelloron matters concerning public records ingeneral and, in particular, on those aspectsof the work of the Public Record Officewhich affect members of the public whomake use of its facilities. Dr Rosevearewill serve on the Council for three years.

ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY HO OUR

Dr J P Brockes of the MRC 'ell Biophysicsnit at Drury Lan has recently been

awarded the Zoological ociety of LondonScientific Medal. The award is to 1.0010gists40 years and under. for scientific merit.

NEWS ROUND-UP

EWS FRO THE DEA 'S OFFICE

CHRISTI AID WEEK ICOLLEGE

12th - 16th MayWe will be collecting at thl' entrance to theCollege hetween 8.30am and 10.00am andwithin the College at lunchtimes fromMllnday to Wednesday. volunteer areneeded for a variety of fund-raising activ­itIes - if you would lJ c to help, plea e seeany of the Chaplain..

EW TIME FOR COLLEGECOMMUNIO SERVICE

With reluctance, tinged with excitementwe have decided to change the time of theCollege ommunion ervice from 9.00amto I.I0pm on a edne day, at least forthis term. An increasing number of stud­ents and taff are involved in the academictimetable by 9.00 - 9.30am and whilst notime is suitable for all, 1.1 Opm was thoughtto be more suitable for most people. Theservice will continue to be a aid comm­union service with a short address, hymnsand an anthem la ting 35 - 40 minutes.A bread and cheese lunch will be availableafterward in the Dean's Office for thosewho can stay.

UNIVERSITY EDUCATION: ACHRISTIAN PERSPECTIVE

An ecumenical group of chaplains andacademics has produced a short draft state­ment on the purpose and necessary com­ponents of university education for discus­sion, in preparation for the celebration ofthe 15 Oth Anniversary of the founding ofLondon University later this year. Shouldeducation of the whole person remain anideal to aim for? Does the 'community oflearning' have any real meaning in ouraltered circumstances? Should universityeducation be elitist or utilitarian or neither?Can the idea of the university survivewithout some attention being given to theintegration of some of the questions raisedfor discussion? If you are a student, ormember of staff, academic or otherwiseinterested in pursuing these questions in' aseries of 3 or 4 meetings this term, pleasecontact the Dean's secretary as soon aspossible with suggestions for a possibletime for meeting at lunchtime or lateafternoon/early evening.

JOINT CHRISTIA FORUM

Tuesdays 1.1 Opm, Room 6C

29AprilPE TECOST LISTS D HARISMAT-I EXP RIE CEMr Graham Baldwin

6 MayBEl G A MO K: OPTl GOT OR I ?Dom. Mark, OSB, a Benedictine Monk fromWorth Abhey

13 MayWORLD ID: WHO REALLY BE EFITS?Fiona Liddell and 'Iive Rohinson .Christian Aid Bread and Cheese LunchTalk and discussion. .

ASCE SIO DAY - SU GEUCHARISTThursday 8th May at 1.10pmFollowed hy refreshment in the CouncilRoom.

CONFIRMATIO A D HOLYCOMMUNIO

Wednesday 30 April at 1.10pmPreacher and Celebrant: The Right Rever­end John Klyberg, Bi hop of Fulham.We hope as many members of the ollegeas possible will be abl e to attend theservi e

KCLA A UAL GE ERALMEETlNG A D RECEPTIO

Friday 9 May 1986

King's College London As ociation whichwith its Branches is the Old Studen'ts'Association for the whole College will beholding its Annual General Meeting onFriday 9 May at 5.30pm in Room 8B,Strand campus. All members of theAssociation and its Branches are warmlyinvited to attend.

Following the Annual General Meeting,at 6.30pm there will be a Reception inthe Great Hall to which KCLA cordiallyinvites' all mem bers of the staff of King'sCollege. This will be a pleasant opportun­ity to renew acquaintance with formerstudents. There will be an Exhibitionfeaturing the work of the GeographyDepartment, some of the special collect­ions of the Library and the achievementsof the three Colleges which united toform KQC. An organ recital will be givenin the College Chapel during the evening.College staff are actively encouraged toattend as this adds to the success of theoccasion for those returning KCLAmembers.

KCLA NEWS

The KCLA Council have agreed to nomi­nate Prof E A Bell, Director of the RoyalBotanic Gardens at Kew since 198 I anda Vi iting Professor in Ecology as Presid­ent of the A sociation for 1986/87, insuccession to MrAP J Edwards who eterm of office ex pires in May. P~ofessorBell is well known to many at King's,having been appointed a lecturer in Bio­chemistry in 1953; he was Professor ofBiology and Head of the Department ofPlant Sciences 1972 - 8 J .

At the invitation of the President-electan evening Reception will take place atKew n Tue day 29 July, followed by aconducted tour of the Gardens.

KCLA REPRESECOU CIL

The College Council have agreed that DrB f Daw on hould succeed Mr Edwardsas a member of that Council as from May1986. Dr Dawson was educated at King'silnd appointed to the staff of the Facultyof l:.ducation in 1963: he retired in 19 5.For quite a numher of years he was Hon.

Se retary of KCL being u ceeded lastyear by the cademic Regi trar.

t the la t meeting Council expre ed itsregret that Mr Edwards did not wish tostand for another term as KCL Repres­entati e. and mem bers recorded theirgratitude to him for the valuable ontrib­ution he had made.

BETH (KENSINGTO )

On Fnd y 16 May at .00pm Profes orRainer Goldsmith, formerly head ofPhysiology at Chelsea College, has greedto talk to members of the Queen EliLabethBranch on hi most interesting andchallenging expedition to the Antarticmade in 19 0/ ~ and which was recentlyfeatured in the BBC2 'Horizon' programme'Bitter Cold'.

The lecture w111 take place in the Phy iol­ogy Lecture Theatre, Main Building,Kensington campus. Wine and chee e willbe erved afterwards in the SSCR. Mem­bers and gue ts welcome.

OTHER KI G'S FIRST - REYO WILLI G TO HELP?

Dr Bryan Turner in Biology i studying aninsect pe t of the food industry calledLiposcelis bostrychophilus, known com­monly but confusingly as the booklouse.It IS a very small (about Imm in length)pale brown insect which may be found inflour of various kinds, breakfast cereals,semolina and other farinaceous foods.

Little is known of the biology of this in­sect. It almo t certainly arrived in the UKfrom Africa some 40-50 years ago. Firstrecorded in thi country as a contaminantof beetle cultures in a government labora­tory during the Second World War, it be­gan to be noticed as an occasional pe t offood in the mid-1960s. Since the mid1970s the num ber of complaints each yearfrom the pu hlic has steadily increa ed.Thi pattern of increasing number ofcomplaints i al 0 een in two other \;oun­tfle , Denmark and Holland, where dataare availabk. In addition there is al 0 amarked casonaht}- to the complaints,v.hich peak in the late autumn.

The extent to which Liposcelis has invad­ed our houeholds can only be judged atpresent on the number of formal comp­laint that are made. On seeing book licein food a common reaction i Just tothrowaway the contaminated item andthink little more about it.

You could make a valuable contrihutionto thi booklou e study if you would bewilling to take part in a survey of kitchencupboards, indeed you may want to knowwhether you are supporting a booklousepopulation! All that is involved is for you

to put a few mall trap ill your food cup­boards, lea e them there for one monthand then return them for che king. Thetraps are imply small quares of filterpaper which ha e ye t a fa oured foodof bookli e) tu k to them. The e qu reare protected by beillg sandwiched ber­ween two piece of pia ti film. The wholetrap i about the ize of a postage tampand the boo lice, If pre ent, olle t on thefilter paper and eat the yea t. In addItionyou would be a ked a fev. que tions aboutyour kit hen and whether you have noti­ced bookli e in the pa t.

If you are WIlling to help in this work,plea e drop a note to Dr B Turner, Biol­ogy Department, Kensington Campus, viathe internal mail. You will be ent a set offive traps to put in your food cupboard.Keep them in the refrigerator until youuse them. Ideally everyone who joins inthis survey should u e the traps at the sametime and October 19 6 is hereby designa­ted "booklouse month". Thi is some timeoff bu t with the examination period loom­ing up and then the summer vacation,everyone i going to be rather busy thesenext few months. So if you do want tohelp ask for your traps now and you willbe reminded to use themInier on. Even ifit is impo sible for you to put out thetrap during October, plea e till ask forsome and u e them when you can, butnote the start and end date. Closer to thetime there will also be a box contairung alimited num ber of sets of trap at eachcampus entrance.

If this study receives college-wide upportwe will, for the vcry first time, get an imp­ression of the way in which thi smalltropical insect has infiltrated our hou c­holds.

Thank you in anticipation of your support.I I

The booklouse, Liposcelis bostrychophilus.The scale is 1m m.

"C RRE T RESEARCH" ATKI G'S COLLEGE SCHOOL OFMEDICI EA D DE TISTRY

As many of you will already know, reg­ular Colloquia arc held at Denmark Hill atwhich members of the three Faculties ofthe School present brief papers on their

re ear h in a parti ular topi . A produ tof the e Colloquia ha been an annuallyupdated booklet, alled "Current Re ­earch", to whi h all departments of theS hool. and anum ber 0 the a ociated

linical department within the Cam ber­well Health District contribute. The boo ­let contain taff 1J t ,detail of the re ­ear h in progre ,and a note of expeni ein part! ular technique whi h taff canoffer to colleague in other department.

The School IS Justifiably proud of it re­earch activit which la t year recruited£3.2 million and currently enable over100 staff to be em ployed on hort termcontracts. The re earch booklet gives agood in ight into the breadth of the re ­earch being carried out and ha enabledmany staff to make their own informalcontacts with colleague in other depart­ment who are engaged in imilar work.Thi year' update will, of cour e. includethe Department of Pharmacy, 'ur ingStudie and utrition which joined theFaculty of Ba ic Medical Sciences follow­ing the KQC merger.

opie of "Current Re earch" are availablefrom Mary Barringer, As istant Secretary,at Denmark Hill (telephone 274 6222 ,exten ion 2042).

Mr Roger Oliver, Music Librarian at Kensi­ngton Central Library, speaking at aprivate viewing held there on Wednesday16 April to launch ADAM 0 MUSiC1939 - 6, an exhibition of the musicalaspects of the ADAM international Rev­iew. Organised by the f·rench Departmentat King's in conjunction with the RoyalBorough of Kensington and Chelsea, theexhibition complements a series of lunch­time concerts being held at the library.The exhibition runs until Wednesday 7May, admission free.

SCE ES FROM THIS YE R'S GRADUATlO

Clockwise, from bottom left, the picturesare: Duane I'assmall, the A cting GeneralSecretary of the Students' /lion, givinghis valedictory address at the GraduationReceptiun at Kensington: the Principalspeaking at the same occasion; graduandscelebratillg at the Stralld campus; 011 thesteps uf the Albert Memorial before theawards ceremuny; more graduands at theStrand.

There will be further graduatioll recep­tions at the Strand (13 May) and at Chel­sea (J 4 May).

o -SABBATICAL POSTS

Secretar}' - Steven RhodeCouncIl Delegate - Andrew CoxPublicity Officer - Mark Thwaltes

S BB TIC L POSTS 19 6/

General Secretary - France TaylorInternal Se reta~ - Stephante SmithFinan e and Trau10g Se retaf) - JohnThomaSport and So"letle Se retar}' - Flon BullChel ea Site Secreta~ - ~arcu WoodKen Ington SHe Se retary - Paul Fo ter

trand Site Secretary - John Waters

R TI ERS RYY

Brunei niver ity elebrate it 20thnnn'er ary thi year. whole alendar

of event i planned. In luding an OpenDay on Frida}' 16 May to which graduatesll1du triaJi t and hool are invited

ny old BruneUlan now at Kll1g' whowould like to attend should contact thePubli RelatIon Officer at Bruncl forticket. complete Calendar of Eventan al 0 be supphed on reque 1.

Po ter advertl ing the event with in tro t­Ion a 0 hov. to enter ill be po ted m~1ay. but if any detail are requuedbefore thiS, plea e on tact Fred rmitage( heml t~, trand campu ) on ext~_ -7 or Steve Whit10g (Ken 1Ogton

campus) on ext. K_55

The Law Libraf}' talf have started toprodu e an 0 clOnal li t of matenalpurchased for the Centre 0 Medical Lawand Ethic. If you would like to be addedto the di tributton li t, please conta t

lVlen Flet her ext ~313).

L1BR RY EW

10 APPal T"fE TSST DE T

TO LL OUR OLD CROCKS

We have found that many of our items ofcrockery. cutlery, gla se ,trays. etc, haveleft the refedory premises for de tinationunknown! Pos ibly they need a guide toshow them the way back, but whateverthe case, wc de peratcly need all Items ret­urned to their nghtful home

So plea e, if you do have anything tuckedaway in forgotkn corner, pining for ItS

playmate in the kitchen, let us know, orbring It to us in the Catering Department.

III c~Jls will be treated in the trictest

confidence Jf you WI h us to collect! Giveus a nng on ext 2425.

Thnnk you.

Catering DepartmentStrand Campu

S MMER HOLlD Y RE T L

Available ~ay through September. inBrantome (the Dordogne). 17th centuryriverSIde house, available as a whole or in:! eparate unit (one leeping . the other3). Pldure . etc. available from Coke,tel35124 ext3661.

THE ELlZ BETH T CK RMSCHOL RSHIP Fa D noThiS Foundation proVIdes annual educat­IOnal grants and awards for financial andother assl tance to persons dom iciled inWale', who have graduated from a collegeor Ul1lVerSIlY located in the United K ing­dom or the U 'A, and who desire toobtain and further their po t-graduateeducation at a college or university locat­ed in the United States.

Old Brunellian may also be Il1tere tcdto know that there is now a rapidl}'growll1g and active Graduate ociatlon.co-ordll1ated b} the niver ity whichhas alrcad} laun hed a revamped magaz­mc and organise an annual ReunionDmner The graduate net ork haextended over ea to place uch a SlOg­apore. Greece, Malaysia and Mexico.Anyone wan ling more detail houldcontact Edwin Lnderhill, Career Advi oryOfficer at Brunei niver ity.

FELLOW OF THE RaY LOCIETY

Dr C J Lea er 01 the Department ofBotany, Univcr Ity of Edinburgh has beenelccted a Fellow of the Royal Society.Dr Leaver obtained hi PhD in plantphysiology in the Biology Department,Queen l:li/abeth College.

NOTHI G TO DO WHEN EXAMSFI ISH?

Then come down to Petersham and enjoy

THE KQC 6-A-SIDE CRICKET K OCK­o T COMPETITIO

Thursday 19 June, tarting at 10.30am

Thi competition h<ls been a QC( tradit­ion lor the past 15 year and the PriOl:ipalis keen that It continue. It I a onc-dayevent involving 4 teams (appropriately- or inappropriately (!) named) and thewinner receIve awards. Each team mu tcompnse at lea. t onc member of e<lchex and no more than two regular cricket­

er .

For further details and application form,contact the Academic Registrar's office,Strand campus. Applications must beubmitted by June 16 19 6.

TADIO -RIDE L PRIZE FORMOLECUL R SCl CE

Thi pnze of £ 1,000) awarded annuallyon I st Decem hrr and) opcn to postgrad­uate tudcnts of Kll1g (ollege Londonwho have carned ou t re earch for thePhD degrec in Molecular Science.

F or further details. contact the DeputyAcademic Registrar, Strand campus.Closing date for appllcations, June 3019 6.

Whether you play cricket or not, comealong for an enJoyahle day out. ThecUing by the river under Richmond Hill

is lovely on a sunny summer' day andthen.: will be facilitie to feed and 'w<lter'everyone with bar and barbecue. Inaddition, we plan to follow the competit­ion with a disco and Jazz band.

EA SOCIETY

ny former graduates or staff of theniversity of cast Anglia may be Interest­

ed to know that there i now a U ASociety for graduates and friends of that

niversity. Anyone wi hing to obtain

COMMc T i produced by the King' Col­lege London (KQC) Information Office onthe Strand Campus

EXT EDlTIO : Copy date Friday 16May for publication in the week of 27May.