comm and barriers
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Communication
Among personal qualities possessed bycollege graduates the ability to communicate
effectively was ranked first by employers.
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Communication
Efficient communication is ESSENTIAL to
being successful in life.
The biggest source of interpersonal
problems is poor communications.
The key to the communication process is
to be UNDERSTOOD.
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Communication
The aim of communication is the transference
and understanding of information between two or
more people.
Communication must always be between two or
more people, one the sender and the other
receiver. You participate in both roles and yourrole will change alternatively and frequently in
conversation.
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A definition of communication
Communication is a process of
transfer,exchange,sharing of
ideas,thoughts,feelings etc in such a waythat the mental picture envisioned by the
sender is the same as that perceived by the
receiver.
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The Communication Process
Feedback
Source Encoding ChannelDecoding Receiver
Message Message Message MessageMessage
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Communication FeedbackWe may say that communication hasoccurred only when the message has been
understood.Understanding occurs in the mind of thereceiver.
Feedback is critical to ensure that accurateunderstanding of the message hasoccurred.
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Communications Did you know?People remember:
10 percent of what they read
20 percent of what they hear
30 percent of what they see
50 percent of what they see and hear
80 percent of what they say
90 percent of what they say and do
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Communications did you know?If you tell 100 people something without
repetition:
After 24 hours, 25 percent have forgotten it
After 48 hours, 50 percent have forgotten it
After 72 hours, 75 percent have forgotten it
After one week, 96 percent have forgotten it
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Barriers to Communication
Psychological barriers
Physical barriers
Linguistic and semantic barriers
Organizational barriers
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Psychological barriers
Differences in perceptions Halo effect
Complexes
Emotional excesses
Allness and closemindedness
Abstracting
Slanting
Inattention Premature evaluation/pre-conceived
notions/inferences
Status
Resistance to change
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Physical barriers
Age
Distance-visible and invisible
Time
Gender
Noise-technical/visual
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Linguistic and semantic barriers Lack of a common language
Semantics-related to words and their use
Poor vocabulary
Roundabout verbiage
Punctuation and grammar
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Organizational barriers Hierarchical barriers
Specialisation of the workforce
Wrong choice of the medium
Communication load
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The Ten Commandments of Good
CommunicationSeek to clarify your ideas before communicating
Examine the true purpose of each communication
Consider the total physical and human setting
Consult with others in planning communications
Be mindful of the overtones as well as the basic content of your
message
Take the opportunity to convey something of help or value to thereceiver
Follow-up your communication
Communicate for tomorrow as well as today
Be sure your actions support your communications
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The Johari Window is a communication
model that can be used to improveunderstanding between individuals.
Developed by Joseph Luft and Harry
Ingham (the word Johari comes fromJoseph Luft and Harry Ingham).
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Two key ideas behind the tool:
Individuals can build trust between
themselves by disclosing information aboutthemselves.
They can learn about themselves and come
to terms with personal issues with the help offeedback from others.
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The four quadrants are:
Quadrant 1: Open Area
What is known by the person about
him/herself and is also known byothers.
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Quadrant 2: Blind Area, or "Blind
Spot"
What is unknown by the person about
him/herself but which others know. Thiscan be simple information, or can involve
deep issues (for example, feelings of
inadequacy, incompetence,
unworthiness, rejection) which are difficultfor individuals to face directly, and yet can
be seen by others.
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Quadrant 3: Hidden or Avoided Area
What the person knows about
him/herself that others do not.
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Quadrant 4: Unknown Area
What is unknown by the person abouthim/herself and is also unknown by
others.
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Key Points:In most cases, the aim in groups should be to developthe Open Area for every person.
Working in this area with others usually allows forenhanced individual and team effectiveness andproductivity. The Open Area is the space where goodcommunications and cooperation occur, free fromconfusion, conflict and misunderstanding.
Self-disclosure is the process by which people expandthe Open Area vertically. Feedback is the process bywhich people expand this area horizontally.
By encouraging healthy self-disclosure and sensitivefeedback, you can build a stronger and more effectiveteam.