Colonization

ColonizationIndividual versus National1WhoExplored?DutchEnglishFrenchSpanishScandinavian

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3Why Explore?EffectsCompetition between nationsDesire for wealthSpread of ChristianityDestruction of Native American empiresFrench and Indian WarDiseaseColumbian ExchangeGood brought from Europe; goods brought back from the AmericasColonies in America establishedSlavery in America (grows)4

5ColonizationWhy did Great Britain explore?6Why the British exploredSearch for wealth (wealth=power)MercantilismEarning wealth through trade (GB huge population with few resources, America few people with great resources)Collect resources/raw materials send them to GB for manufacturing turn them into finished goods and resell them to coloniesPolitical StrengthBecoming/maintaining world power statusReligious freedomPilgrims/Puritans7MERCANTILISMAn economic system based on the belief that a country could only be rich if ________ continually _________into its economy and its government ___________.Great Britain saw the colonies as a source of wealth. They wanted that wealth to flow back to Great Britain. It was always the colonists duty to ship most of the gold, silver, or other resources found in the colony back to Great Britain.For about 300 years, most of the natural resources gathered in the Americas were sent to Europe.

8Practicing MercantilismAs you view the following pictures, take the point of view of Great Britain and ask this question, Whats in it for me?9

Remember to think how can I make money off of this place?10

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12What did the South offer to Great Britain?Long growing seasonFertile, vacant landSunAccess to ports/waterFreedom of religion (Maryland)

What does this mean for Great Britain in the big picture?What will the South need more of to meet Great Britains demands?13

When people think of Southern Plantations they usually think of . . .14Economy of southern coloniesPlantations (really big farms)Tobacco, cotton, indigo, rice, Required labor: indentured servants (not slaves)As the demand for cash crops increased (industrial revolution, desire for American tobacco), what happened to the demand for labor?Slave trade developedBy 1750 slaves were the main source of labor on southern plantationsWhat is an indentured servant?As demand for cash crops increased, why not just get more indentured servants? (more expensive than slaves)Was the South the only colonial region that used slaves? Explain.

15GOING DEEP into the economy of southern coloniesOther than America, where else were slaves used?

Before there were slaves from Africa, who were used as slaves?

Were slaves only used in the South? Explain your answer.

Why did colonists turn to Africa for slaves?

What is the difference between a slave and an indentured servant?

http://www.crsd.org/Page/8311Use the following pages in your text book to answer the questions below: pages 58 60 , pages 62 and 63, page 7416Students Will Be Able To . . .Understand how Great Britains demand for raw materials leads to the rise of port cities.

Understand how the rise of port cities leads to the demand for skilled laborers.

Understand how port cities become a doorway for diversity.Review of Southern ColoniesEngland saw the long growing season and rich, fertile land of the Southern Colonies and knew it would be a great spot to grow wheat and corn.In order to meet Great Britains demand for raw materials, plantations grew.A great amount of labor was needed to work on the plantations. At first Mexicans were used until later, when indentured servants were used because they did not have to be paid.Consequently, everyone in the South owned a plantation and slaves.Examine the following pictures of topics related to the New England colonies.

Based on your previous knowledge identify the pictures and explain their significance.19NEW ENGLAND COLONIESPicture of . . . Why its important20

Picture of the MayflowerIt brought Pilgrims to Plymouth (New England Colonies)21

Pilgrims on the Mayflower signing the Mayflower CompactEarly form of self government22

Pilgrim/PuritanBible represents how they came for religious freedomGun represents the need for protection and/or hunting for food23

Picture of the New England coastlineRepresents how the soil of New England was rocky so many turned to the sea for a living24

Picture of the first ThanksgivingImportant because we still celebrate it todayImportant because it shows evidence of the relationship between the Indians and the New England colonists25

Picture of a New England port cityImportant because it shows the commerce occurring and what else came to a city on the boats from New England26What did the New England colonies offer Great Britain?Ports TimberWhale oilFisheriesReligious freedom (reformation)What does this mean for Great Britain in the big picture?27New England EconomyTradeRaw materialsWhale oil, fish, timber/lumberNatural resources (shipped to GB); manufactured (in GB) and sold back to the coloniesMercantilism

Ask students to explain the importance of selling manufactured goods back to the colonies28LABOR NEEDS

29Southern colonies have plantations and need slavesMiddle Colonies have farming of staple crops and need laborersNew England colonies have ports/cities creating a demand for skilled professionals

LABOR NEEDS30New England CommunitySkilled Professionals such as . . .Merchants, fishermen, ship builders, lumberjacks, blacksmiths, printers, weaversDiversity among colonists (home country)WealthEducationLanguagesReligion31WRAP UP!Based on what you just learned, write down this cause and effect chain and fill in the boxes appropriately.

Great Britain wanted from the New England colonies so the colonists had to build for which they needed who added to the of the New England colonies. Great Britain wanted raw goods from the New England colonies so the colonists had to build port cities/ships for which they needed skilled professionals who added to the diversity of the New England colonies.32Look again . . .

TradingShip buildingBuying and sellingForeigners with new ideas and new knowledgeNeed for skilled laborersMerchants33New England CommunityMayflower - 1620Mayflower CompactLegal contract that all agreed to have fair law as to protect the general good (of the community)Attempt at self-government (first in colonies)

34New England CommunityWhy was there no government for the colonies? What government had they been used to?Where was the King?

First to establish local government that includedCourt systemRepresentative government (elections)

35Why was there no government for the colonies? What government had they been used to?Where was the King?

First to establish local government that includedCourt systemRepresentative government (elections)

New England Community36Religion and government closely tied togetherWhat makes that different from todays US society?Separation of Church and State

Government leaders were also church leadersWhere do you think the government leaders found their voters/followers?

New England Community37Religious escape (1620-1640)PuritansWanting to purify the Church of EnglandBoston, MassachusettsPilgrimsWanting to separate from the Church of EnglandPlymouth, MassachusettsGreat Migration38

New England Community39If we are going to survive as a community, we mustBe family orientedHave women and children involvedMaintain faith in religionProvide educationWhy is this a need? Read what?

New England Community40John Harvard 1636Boston, MassachusettsWilliam and Mary College 1693VirginiaEducation

41New England embraced the opportunity to learn from Native Americans

Will you teach us how to grow crops?Absolutely, in exchange for resources and finished goods.42

Exchange of information, techniques, tools (Native Americans/Colonists)Celebration of successful harvestSurvival of the new colonyThanksgiving43Blend of New England and Southern coloniesStaple cropsWheat, barley, oats (grains)Trade (beaver pelts) and hunting (deer)Mining (iron, coal)Minimal slave labor

What did the Middle colonies offer to Great Britain?What does this mean for Great Britain in the big picture?Lets head north to the Middle Colonies. What four colonies made up the middle colonies?How do you think the Middle Colonies got its name The Bread Basket Colonies?The Middle Colonies are also known for being the home of the Quakers. What do you know about the Quakers?

44Equality of men and womenNonviolenceReligious toleranceMiddle Colonies CommunityQuakershttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ducKaaeVt6E&feature=related45William PennEstablish a safe home for QuakersEquality of men and womenNonviolenceReligious tolerancePenns Woods: Pennsylvania

461681 granted a charter by King Charles IIPenn limited his own powerCreated an elected assembly (representative self-government)

Capital: Philadelphia- City of Brotherly Love(Philadelphia Freedom Elton John)Largest colonial city - 1760Penns Woods: PennsylvaniaMake the connection between the Quaker philosophy and the fact that William Penn, a Quaker, named the capital The City of Brotherly Love47