colonial america 1
TRANSCRIPT
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CH. 7 LESSON 3 & 4
The Jamestown and Plymouth Colonies
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Online Story Site
http://jamestown.invioni.com/real_index.html
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Jamestown
Merchants and land owners started a business called the Virginia Company of London
Set up the company to start a colony in Virginia
Sold shares of ownership, or stock
Any profits the company made would be divided among those who bought the stock
Goal of Expedition: To make MONEY
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Jamestown Cont.
Settled in Chesapeake Bay after sailing down a river, named it James river after King James I
Built houses, a church and a fort
Life was much more difficult than imagined
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Difficulties at Jamestown
Water was salty and unsafe to drink
Mosquitoes carried deadly diseases, a problem with swampy lands
Constant attacks
Lazy “gentlemen” did not work to plant crops, had expected to find gold like Spanish
By winter, nearly half of the colonists had died
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John Smith
A natural story teller, and a natural leader
Became disgusted with colonists, forced them to work
“He that will not work, will not eat.”Forced colonists to build houses, plant
crops, raise livestockMade him unpopular, but kept them aliveStory of Pocahontas
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PocahontasPocahontas
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John Smith cont.
Smith led trading with the areas Native American tribes
Strong LeaderHurt in a gunpowder accident and had to
return to EnglandColony suffered without himThe winter of 1609 – 1610 was “The Starving
Time”“If we were lucky, our food was a can of
barley, split among five men each day.”
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The Adventures of John Smith
http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/Games/InteractiveAdventures/John-smith
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New Virginians
Colony barley survived the winter
1614 John Rolfe found a solution…tobacco
Tobacco became a cash crop: a crop that is sold for money
King James I, “Tobacco is a stinking weed.”
Grew it anyways, rejuvenated spirit
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“Peace of Pocahontas”
John Rolfe married Pocahontas
Marriage helped keep peace between English and Powhatan people
Lasted 8 years
Pocahontas became “celebrity” in England
Died of Small Pox right before return to Virginia
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Africans Arrive in Jamestown
Tobacco was growing everywhere, needed workers
Many newcomers were indentured servants
Indentured Servants: people who could not afford the trip, borrowed money, and agreed to work 5-7 years to pay off debt
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Virginia’s gold
and silver.
-- John Rolfe, 1612
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Early Colonial TobaccoEarly Colonial Tobacco
1618 — Virginia produces 20,000 pounds of tobacco.
1622 — Despite losing nearly one-third of its colonists in an Indian attack, Virginia produces 60,000 pounds of tobacco.
1627 — Virginia produces 500,000 pounds of tobacco.
1629 — Virginia produces 1,500,000 pounds of tobacco.
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Tobacco Prices: 1618-1710Tobacco Prices: 1618-1710
Why did tobacco
prices decline so
precipitously?
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17c Population17c Population
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
1607 1630 1650 1670 1690
White
Black
WHY this large increase in black population??
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First Africans were indentured servants, early population included both free and indentured AA’s
Christians could not be enslaved by English law
Eventually all African Americans were forced to work
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The “Middle Passage”The “Middle Passage”
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The Atlantic Slave TradeThe Atlantic Slave Trade
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1619
Women are brought to colonies
House of Burgesses met for the first time Made laws for the colony Members were white men who owned land Not always fair, but first step towards developing own govt. Burgesses (citizen or freeman)
More conflict with Native Americans
1924: King James I took back over
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Virtual Jamestown
http://www.virtualjamestown.org/quicktime/jamestown_fort.html
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Virtual Map of Settlement
http://www.virtualjamestown.org/jamestown_development/settlement_v2.html