１

Collection of material data for thermal elastic-plastic analysis [ Mechanical properties, Creep properties, Thermal properties ]

Data No. Material Mechanical properties

Creep properties

Thermal Properties

１－１ Mild steel ○ ― ―

１－２ Mild steel, Weld metal ○ ― ―

１－３ Mild steel ○ ― ○

１－４ Mild steel ○ ― ―

１－５ Mild steel ○ ― ―

１－６ Mild steel ○ ― ―

１－７ Mild steel - SM40B ○ ― ―

２－１ 50 2mmkg class high tensile steel

○ ― ○

２－２ 50 2mmkg class high tensile steel

○ ― ―

２－３ High tensile steel ○ ○ ―

２－４ 50 2mmkg class high tensile steel

○ ― ―

２－５ SM50 steel ○ ― ―

３－１ 80 2mmkg class high tensile steel

○ ― ―

３－２ 80 2mmkg class high tensile steel

○ ― ―

３－３ 80 2mmkg class high tensile steel (Idealized)

○ ― ―

４－１ MoCr 12 4

1 − steel, ASTM A336GF22

○ ― ○

４－２ MoCr 12 4

1 − steel, ASTM A336GF22

○ ○ ―

５－１ SUS304 ○ ― ○

２

No.1-1

Material : Mild steel Material property : Mechanical property Reference: UEDA, Y. and YAMAKAWA, T. (1971). Analysis of Thermal Elastic-Plastic

Stress and Strain during Welding by Finite Element Method. Trans. JWS. 2(2). (90-100).

0

10

20

30

40

50

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700

Thermal expansion coefficient x10-6( oC)Yield stress/Yield stress at room temperature

Young's modules x103 (kgf/mm2)

You

ng's

mod

ulus

Temperature (oC)

1.0

14

11

13

12Th

erm

al e

xpan

sion

coef

ficie

nt

Temperature dependent mechanical properties (Mild steel)

３

No.1-2

Material : Mild steel, Weld metal Material property : Mechanical property Reference : UEDA, Y. and YAMAKAWA, T. (1971). Analysis of Thermal

Elastic-Plastic Stress and Strain during Welding by Finite Element Method. Trans. JWS. 2(2). (90-100).

0

20

40

60

80

100

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

σ (k

gf/m

m2 )

Temperature (oC)

E

H'=0 σU

Η=Ε/400

H=E/40σ

U

σY

(Weld metal)

σY (Base metal)

H'=0

E x1

03 (kgf

/mm

2 ) 20

10

0

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

σ, E

x10

(kgf

/mm

2 )

Temperature (oC)

E

σY (Base metal)

σY (Weld metal)

σYU

σΥ

700 1300 1500

Temperature dependent yield stress, Young’s modulus (Mild steel)

Stre

ss σ

Strain ε

σU

σYU

σY

H'=0

E

H' : Strain hardening coefficient

Definition of strain hardening coefficient (Mild steel)

４

No.1-3

Material : Mild steel Material property : Mechanical property Reference: Yukio UEDA and Yoshiki MURAMATSU（1985）. Dynamical Characteristics

of TRC and RRC Test. Trans. JWRI. 14(1). (163-170).

0

5000

1 104

1.5 104

2 104

2.5 104

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

You

ng's

mod

ulus

(kg

f/mm

2)

Temperature (oC)

Mild steel

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

0 200 400 600 800 1000

σY

σYU

σY

σ Y, σ

TU, σ

U (k

gf/m

m2)

Temperature (oC)

Temperature dependent Young’s modulus, yield stress (Mild steel)

Equi

vale

nt st

ress

Equivalent plastic strain

E/40

E/400

σU

σYU

σY

εY

εYU

εU

Strain hardening coefficient (Mild steel)

５

No.1-3

Material : Mild steel Material property : Thermal property Reference : Yukio UEDA and Yoshiki MURAMATSU（1985）. Dynamical Characteristics

of TRC and RRC Test. Trans. JWRI. 14(1). (163-170).

0

5

10

15

20

25

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 200 400 600 800

Ther

mal

diff

usiv

ity, T

herm

al c

ondu

ctiv

ity,

Den

sity,

Hea

t tra

nsfe

r coe

ffic

ient

Spec

ific

heat

Heat input Q=16000 J/cmEfficiency η=0.8

Thermal diffusivity k

(mm2/sec)

Thermal conductivity λ

(x10-3cal/mm oC sec)

Density γ

(x10-2gr/mm3)

Thermal conductivity α

(x10-6cal/mm2 oCsec)

Temperature (oC)

Heat capasity c

(x10-1cal/g oC)

Temperature dependent thermal properties (Mild steel)

６

No.1-4

Material : Mild steel Material property : Mechanical property Reference : UEDA, Y., KIM, Y., GARATANI, K. , YAMAKITA, T. and BANG, H.

(1987). Mechanical Characteristics of Repair Welds in Thick Plate (Report I) --Distributions of Three-dimensional Welding Residual Stresses and Plastic Strains and Their Production Mechanisms--. Trans. JWRI. 15(2). (187-196).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Stre

ss (

MPa

)

Temperature (oC)

E

σU

σYU σB

U

σBY

σBYU σ

Y

σY , σ

YU , σ

U : Weld metal

σBY , σB

YU , σB

U : Base metal

You

ng's

mod

ulus

(G

Pa)200

100

0

Temperature dependent Young’s modulus and yield stress (Mild steel)

Stre

ss σ

Strain ε

σU

σYU

σY

H'=0

H'=E/40

E

H' : Strain hardening coefficient

H'=E/400

Strain hardening coefficient (Mild steel)

７

No.1-5

Material : Mild steel Material property : Mechanical property Reference : Yukio UEDA and Ming Gang YUAN (1989). A Predicting Method of

Welding Residual Stress Using Source of Residual Stress (Report II) Determination of Standard Inherent Strain. Trans. JWRI. 18(1). (143-150)

Yie

ld st

ress

σ Y

(M

Pa)

(oC)0 Tc Tm

Weld metal, heat affected zone

Base metal

Temperature dependent yield stress (Mild steel)

８

No.1-6

Material : Mild steel Material property : Mechanical property Reference : Ning Xu MA and Yukio UEDA (1994). Measuring Methods for

Three-Dimensional Residual Stresses with The Aid of Distribution Functions of Inherent Strain (Report 2) ZY LTL -Method and T-Method for Measurement of 3-Dimensional Residual Stresses in Bead-on-plate Welds. Trans. JWRI.23 (2).(239-247)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

0 200 400 600 800

Temperature (oC)

Young's modulus

Yield stress

Thermal expansion coefficient α =1.2~10-5

Poison's ratio ν=0.3

You

ng's

mod

ulus

(G

Pa)

Yie

ld st

ress

(M

Pa)

200

100

0

Temperature dependent Young’s modulus and yield stress (Mild steel)

９

No.1-7

Material : Mild steel Material property : Mechanical property Reference : WANG J., UEDA Y., MURAKAWA H., YUAN M.G. and YANG H.Q (1996).

Improvement in Numerical Accuracy and Stability of 3-D FEM Analysis in Welding. Welding Jl, AWS, 75(4) (129s-134s)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Yield stress (MPa)Poison's ratioYoung's modulus (GPa)

You

ng's

mod

ulus

, Yie

ld st

ress

Temperature (oC)

0

0.3

0.5

Pois

on's

ratio

Temperature dependent Young’s modulus, yield stress, Poison’s ratio (Mild steel)

１０

No.2-1

Material : 50 2mmkgf high tensile steel Material property : Mechanical property Reference : Yukio UEDA, Keiji FUKUDA and Keiji NAKACHO (1975). Study on Type

of Cracking of Fillet Weld based on Residual Stresses Calculated by F.E.M. Jl. JWS. 44(3). (250-257) (in Japanese)

0

20

40

60

80

100

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Stre

ss

(kgf

/mm

2 )

Temperature (oC)

E

You

ng's

mod

ulus

x10

3 (kgf

/mm

2 )

20

10

0

σU Weld metal

σU Base metal

σY Weld metal

σY Base metal

H' = (σU-σ

Y)/0.04

α = 13.5 x10-6

Temperature dependent Young’s modulus, yield stress (50 2mmkgf high tensile steel)

１１

No.2-1

Material : 50 2mmkgf high tensile steel Material property : Thermal property Reference : Yukio UEDA, Keiji FUKUDA and Keiji NAKACHO (1975). Study on Type

of Cracking of Fillet Weld based on Residual Stresses Calculated by F.E.M. Jl. JWS. 44(3). (250-257) (in Japanese)

0 200 400 600 8000

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

Temperature (oC)

Density (g/mm3)

Specific heat (cal/g oC)

Thermal conductivity

(cal/mm oC sec)

Heat transfer coefficient

(cal/mm2 oC sec)

7.82 x10-3

7.60 x 10-3

0.0162

0.0083

0.114

0.230

2.72 x 10-6

17.9 10-6

Temperature dependent thermal property (50 2mmkgf high tensile steel)

１２

No.2-2

Material : 50 2mmkgf high tensile steel Material property : Mechanical property Reference: Yukio UEDA, Keiji FUKUDA and Jin Kiat LOW (1974). Mechanism of

Production of Residual Stress due to Slit Weld. Trans. JWRI. 3(2). (159-166)

0 200 400 600 800

Temperature (oC)

α

σY Base metal

E

σU Weld metal

σSU

σY Weld metalY

ield

stre

ss, Y

oung

's m

odul

us,

Ther

mal

exp

ansi

on c

oeff

icie

nt

27.5 (kgf/mm2)

0.1

48.5

55.0

49.5

0.1

10.5 x10-6

21000 (kgf/mm2)20

14.5~10-6

Temperature dependent mechanical property (50 2mmkgf high tensile steel)

１３

No.2-3

Material : High tensile steel Material property : Mechanical property Reference : Yukio UEDA and Keiji FUKUDA (1975). Analysis of Welding Stress

Relieving by Annealing Based on Finite Element Method. Trans. JWRI. 4(1).(39-45)

0

25

50

75

100

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

0 250 500 750Yie

ld st

ress

, Ten

sile

stre

ngth

(kg

f/mm

2 )

You

ng's

mod

ulus

(kg

f/mm

2 )

Temperature (oC)

σY

σU

E

Temperature dependent yield stress, tensile strength, Young’s modulus(high tensile steel)

１４

No.2-3

Material : High tensile steel Material property : Creep property Reference : Yukio UEDA and Keiji FUKUDA (1975). Analysis of Welding Stress

Relieving by Annealing Based on Finite Element Method. Trans. JWRI. 4(1).(39-45)

nc βσε =&LawPower ( )σε BAc expLaw lExponentia =&

10-16

10-14

10-12

10-10

10-8

10-6

1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6

β,

n

Temperature (1/K) x 10-3

βn

10-8

10-7

10-6

10-5

0.0001

0.001

0.01

1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6

A

Temperature (1/K)

A

B

0.5

0.25

B

Creep property (High tensile steel)

１５

No.2-4

Material : 50 2mmkg class high tensile steel Material property : Mechanical property Reference : Yukio UEDA, Keiji FUKUDA, Iwao NISHIMURA, Hideaki IIYAMA and

Naomichi CHIBA (1977). Dynamical Characteristics of Weld Cracking in Multipass Welded Corner Joint. Trans. JWS. 8(2). (1-5)

0

20

40

60

0 200 400 600 800

Tens

ile st

regt

h, Y

ield

stre

ss (

kgf/m

m2 )

Temperature (oC)

Tensile strengthσU

　

(Weld metal, Base metal)Yield stressσ Y

　

(Weld metal)

Yield stress σY

　

(Base metal)

50 kgf/mm2 class High tensile steel

Temperature dependent Yield stress, tensile strength, Young’s modulus ( 50 2mmkg class high tensile steel)

0

10000

20000

0 200 400 600 800

You

ng's

mod

ulus

(kg

f/mm

2 )

Temperature (oC)

50 kgf/mm2 class High tensile steel

１６

No.2-5

Material : SM50 steel Material property : Mechanical property Reference: Yukio UEDA and Keiji NAKACHO (l982). Simplifying Methods for

Analysis of Transient and Residual Stresses and Deformations due to Multipass Welding . Trans. JWRI. 11(1). (95-103)

0

1

2

3

0 200 400 600 800

Yie

ld st

ress

Temperature (oC)

σU (x10 kgf/mm2)

E (x104 kgf/mm2)

σY : Weld metal, HAZ

σY : Base metal

Temperature dependent yield stress, tensile strength, Young’s modulus (SM50 steel)

１７

No.3-1

Material : 80 Kgf class high tensile steel Material property : Mechanical property Reference : Yukio UEDA, You Chul KIM, Chu CHEN and Yi Min TANG (1985).

Mathematical Treatment of Phase Transformation and Analytical Calculation Method of Restraint Stress-Strain. Trans. JWRI. 14(1). (153-162)

Expa

nsio

n

Temperature0 Tcf Tmf Tcs ThfThs

High tensile strength steel (HT80)Tmf = (Tcs + Tcf)/2

Fc

F'c

Sc

S'c

Sh

Fh

Transformation temperature rangein cooling process

Transformation temperature rangein heating process

Explanation of phase transformation using temperature-expansion curve

0

200

400

600

800

1000

0 20 40 60 80 100

Heating processHeating processCooling processCooling process

Tem

pera

ture

(o C

)

Heating/cooling speed (oC/sec)

Thf

Ths

Tcs

Tcf

High tensile strength steel (TH80)

Influence of heating/cooling speed on transformation temperature (HT80)

１８

No.3-2

Material : 80 Kgf class high tensile steel Material property : Mechanical property Reference : Yukio UEDA, You Chul KIM, Chu CHEN and Yi Min TANG (1985).

Mathematical Treatment of Phase Transformation and Analytical Calculation Method of Restraint Stress-Strain. Trans. JWRI. 14(1). (153-162)

0

10

20

30

40

50

0 20 40 60 80 100

Tran

sfor

mat

ion

stra

in x

10-4

Heating/cooling speed

Cooling process

Heating process

Influence of heating/cooling speed on transformation temperature (HT80)

Measured temperature dependent mechanical properties (HT80)

１９

No.3-3

Material : 80 Kgf class high tensile steel Material property : Mechanical property Reference : Yukio UEDA, You Chul KIM, Chu CHEN and Yi Min TANG (1985).

Mathematical Treatment of Phase Transformation and Analytical Calculation Method of Restraint Stress-Strain. Trans. JWRI. 14(1). (153-162)

Five types (M1 – M5) of idealized temperature dependent mechanical properties (HT80)

２０

No.4-1

Material : MoCr 12 4

1 − steel, ASTM A336GF22 Material property : Mechanical property Reference : Yukio UEDA, Keiji FUKUDA and Keiji NAKACHO, Eiji TAKAHASHI and

Koichi SAKAMOTO（1976）. Transient and Residual Stresses from Multipass Weld in Very Thick Plates and Their Reduction from Stress Relief Annealing. The 3rd Int. Conf. on Pressure Vessel Technology, Part II, Materials and Fabrication, (925-933)

Yield stress in heating and cooling process categorized with respect to the values of highest temperature experienced TO that in current thermal cycle

２１

No.4-1

Material : MoCr 12 4

1 − steel, ASTM A336GF22 Material property : Thermal property Reference : Yukio UEDA, Keiji FUKUDA and Keiji NAKACHO, Eiji TAKAHASHI and

Koichi SAKAMOTO （1976） . Transient and Residual Stresses from Multipass Weld in Very Thick Plates and Their Reduction from Stress Relief Annealing. The 3rd Int. Conf. on Pressure Vessel Technology, Part II, Materials and Fabrication, (925-933)

0

10

20

30

40

0 500 1000 1500Ther

mal

con

duct

ivity

, Hea

t tra

nsfe

r coe

ffic

ient

,Sp

ecifi

c he

at

Temperature (oC)

Thermal conductivity

(kcal/mhoC) Specific heat

(x10-2 cal/goC)

Heat transfer coefficient

(x10-4 cal/cm2secoC)

Density = 7.76 (x10-6 kg/mm3)

Temperature dependent thermal properties ( MoCr 12 41 − steel)

２２

No.4-2

Material : MoCr 12 4

1 − steel, ASTM A336GF22 Material property : Mechanical property Reference : Yukio UEDA, Keiji FUKUDA and Keiji NAKACHO, Eiji TAKAHASHI

and Koichi SAKAMOTO （1976）. Transient and Residual Stresses from Multipass Weld in Very Thick Plates and Their Reduction from Stress Relief Annealing. The 3rd Int. Conf. on Pressure Vessel Technology, Part II, Materials and Fabrication, (925-933)

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

0 200 400 600 800 1000

You

ng's

mod

ulus

(x1

04 kgf

/mm

2 )

Temperature (oC)

2 1/4 Cr-1Mo Steel

Temperature dependent Young’s modulus ( MoCr 12 41 − steel)

２３

No.4-2

Material : MoCr 12 4

1 − steel, ASTM A336GF22 Material property : Creep property Reference : Yukio UEDA, Keiji FUKUDA and Keiji NAKACHO, Eiji TAKAHASHI

and Koichi SAKAMOTO （1976）. Transient and Residual Stresses from Multipass Weld in Very Thick Plates and Their Reduction from Stress Relief Annealing. The 3rd Int. Conf. on Pressure Vessel Technology, Part II, Materials and Fabrication, (925-933)

Creep Constants A, γ, m used in strain hardening rule ( MoCr 12 4

1 − steel)

Creep Constants β , n used in power creep law ( MoCr 12 41 − steel)

温度 (℃)温度 (℃)Temperature (oC)

温度 (℃)温度 (℃)Temperature (oC)

２４

No.5-1

Material : SUS304, D308 (Weld metal) Material property : Mechanical property Reference : Yukio UEDA, Keiji NAKACHO and Tasuku SHIMIZU (1986).

Improvement of Residual Stresses of Circumferential Joint of Pipe by Heat-Sink Welding. Trans. ASME, Jl. Pressure Vessel Tech. Vol.108. (pp.14-22)

Temperature dependent yield stress, strain hardening coefficient, Young’s modulus, thermal expansion coefficient (SUS304)

加工

硬化

係数

ヤン

グ率

降伏

応力

線膨

張係

数

温度 （℃）

加工

硬化

係数

ヤン

グ率

降伏

応力

線膨

張係

数

温度 （℃）Temperature (oC)

You

ng’s

mod

ulus

Yie

ld st

ress

Ther

mal

exp

ansi

on c

oeff

icie

nt

Stra

in h

arde

ning

coe

ffic

ient

２５

No.5-1

Material : SUS304, D308 (Weld metal) Material property : Thermal property Reference :Yukio UEDA, Keiji NAKACHO and Tasuku SHIMIZU (1986). Improvement

of Residual Stresses of Circumferential Joint of Pipe by Heat-Sink Welding. Trans. ASME, Jl. Pressure Vessel Tech. Vol.108. (pp.14-22)

Temperature dependent thermal properties (SUS304)

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

0

2

4

6

8

10

0 500 1000 1500

Spec

ific

heat

, Den

sity

, H

eat t

rans

fer c

oeff

icie

nt

Hea

t tra

nsfe

r coe

ffic

ient

Temperature (oC)

Specific heat (x102 cal/kgf/oC)

Density (x10-5 kgf/mm3)

Thermal conductivity(x10-2 cal/mm/sec/oC)

Heat transfer coefficient(air cooling)(x10-5 cal/mm2/sec/oC)

Heat transfer coefficient (water cooling)(x002 cal/mm2/sec/oC)