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Page 1: Cold War Review

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Chapters 18, 19, 20

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Page 10: Cold War Review

PICTURE

START

Page 11: Cold War Review

Essay Question: What was the Cold War?

Define U.S. Goals vs. Soviet Goals Strategies/Policies (Doctrines) Alliances Key Places Key Events

Page 12: Cold War Review

Korean War (1950-1953)

Causes: North Korean Aggression/Invasion China Influence Containment/Truman DoctrineSignificance 38th Parallel Chinese involvement MacArthur vs. Truman

Page 13: Cold War Review

Legacy of the Korean War 1st armed confrontation of the Cold

War. Created the idea of “limited war.” Expanded the Cold War to Asia. Created the heavily guarded De-

militarized Zone (DMZ) which still exists today.

Contributed to the 2nd Red Scare.

Page 14: Cold War Review

The Shipping Miracle: The Berlin Airlift (June 48 – May 49) Early Cold War Crisis West Berlin’s location Response to the Berlin Blockade “Impossible” feat 1 plane landed every minutes The Hero:

The Father of the Berlin Airlift Held the city in defiance to the Soviets.

Page 15: Cold War Review

The Shipping Miracle: The Berlin Airlift (June 48 – May 49)Outcome Demonstrated the stubborn will of

the U.S. to uphold Cold War policies.

U.S. looked good Soviets looked bad Candy Bomber lifts the spirits of the German kids.

Page 16: Cold War Review

The Berlin Airlift

Page 17: Cold War Review

Bay of Pigs – April 1961

The Bay of Pigs is a small, southern inlet on the island of Cuba. (Bay of Triggerfish)

It was a failed invasion in attempt to overthrow the Cuban dictator Fidel Castro. Eisenhower’s Idea Headed by the CIA (approved by JFK) Main force was Cuban exiles trained by the CIA.

Page 18: Cold War Review

Bay of Pigs

Immediate Outcome:Totally unsuccessful.115 Killed/1,189 CapturedEmbarrassment for the U.S.

Long Term Effects:More Soviet weapons for Cuba.Increased hostility between the 2

nations.Helped pave the way for the Cuban

Missile Crisis.U.S. = “looked like fools to our

friends, rascals to our enemies, and incompetents to the rest.”

Page 19: Cold War Review

Cuban Missile Crisis–October 1962 The U.S. confronted Cuba and the Soviet Union about nuclear weapons that had been placed 90 miles from the U.S.

Kennedy issued a “quarantine” to restrict more ships with weapons from going to Cuba.

Page 20: Cold War Review

Cuban Missile CrisisResult: Both Kennedy and Khrushchev feared the

start of a nuclear war. They successfully negotiated an agreement to

end the stand-off. Soviet Union had to remove missiles from Cuba U.S. had to remove missiles from Turkey

(secretly).

Outcome: The world was saved. Khrushchev loses power.

Page 21: Cold War Review

Cuban Missile CrisisLong Term Effects: Hot-Line Created: a direct line between

the White House and the Kremlin for communication between the two.

Limited Test Ban Treaty: barred nuclear testing in the atmosphere.

Page 22: Cold War Review

contrast of cold war presidents

KennedyTrumanEisenhower

Page 23: Cold War Review

What was the Cold War?

Period of conflict, tension, and competition between the U.S. & Russia (USSR) from 1945 – 1991.

Page 24: Cold War Review

What was the United States’ policy in the Cold War in dealing with Russia?

Containment: Stopping the spread of Communism

Page 25: Cold War Review

What is the term given to the Eastern European nations that were dominated by the Soviet Union?

Satellite Nations

Page 26: Cold War Review

What was the purpose of NATO?

Defensive military alliance between the U.S. and it’s allies.

Page 27: Cold War Review

What was the defensive military alliance for the Communists?

The Warsaw Pact

Page 28: Cold War Review

What is the significance of the 38th Parallel?

Dividing line between North & South Korea Where the Korean War began, and ended Dividing line between Communism and Democracy

Page 29: Cold War Review

Who was the Commanding General for the United Nations in Korea and what did he want to do with the war?

General MacArthur wanted to nuke China.

Page 30: Cold War Review

What group help topple governments in Iran and Guatemala?

The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Page 31: Cold War Review

What was the foreign policy proposed by John F. Dulles that used the threat of all-out nuclear war?

Brinkmanship

Page 32: Cold War Review

How did the Marshall Plan help to contain Communism in Europe?

By giving loans to countries whose economies were weak and vulnerable.

Page 33: Cold War Review

What did the Iron Curtain divide?

Divided Europe in half symbolically and physically between Communism and Democracy.

Page 34: Cold War Review

What action brought vital supplies to a region blockaded by the Soviet Union?

The Berlin Airlift

Page 35: Cold War Review

What is a “blacklist”?

A list that denies rights or privileges to the people on the list.

Page 36: Cold War Review

What was the purpose of the Hollywood “blacklist”?

To deny jobs to people that were suspected of having a communist background.

Page 37: Cold War Review

What is Joseph McCarthy’s claim to fame?

He sought out suspected Communists in the government.

Page 38: Cold War Review

What did Alger Hiss and the Rosenberg’s have in common?

They were Communist spies.

Page 39: Cold War Review

What government organization made news by going after suspected Communists in Hollywood?

HUAC (The House Un-American Activities Committee)

Page 40: Cold War Review

Who was the leader of the Soviet Union from 1953-1964 and how do you spell his name?

Nikita Khrushchev

Page 41: Cold War Review

How did the U2 Spy Plane incident affect Cold War relations?

The Soviet leader Khrushchev called off an invitation to meet with Eisenhower. – Tensions grew…

Page 42: Cold War Review

How did the Beat Movement signify a growing social conflict in the 1950’s?

The beatniks were non-conformists who disliked the mainstream culture - later would lead to other groups.

Page 43: Cold War Review

How did Rock n’ Roll demonstrate racial problems during the 1950’s?

Many black artists inspired the rock n’ roll movement but did not receive the same fanfare.

Page 44: Cold War Review

What was the failed invasion of Cuba?

The Bay of Pigs

Page 45: Cold War Review

Who lost the 1960 presidential election?

Richard Nixon

Page 46: Cold War Review

1960 Election Notes

Page 47: Cold War Review

What divider separated West Berlin from East Germany?

The Berlin Wall

Page 48: Cold War Review

Who ordered the wall to be built?

Nikita Khrushchev

Page 49: Cold War Review

Why was Kennedy’s religious beliefs important in the 1960 election?

He was Roman Catholic; people were worried about the Pope’s influence.

Page 50: Cold War Review

How did the Cuban Missile Crisis end?

Khrushchev agreed to remove the missiles as long as the U.S. promised not to invade Cuba and removed its own missiles from Turkey.

Page 51: Cold War Review

What was the new communication method created to help ease Cold War tensions?

The Hot Line

Page 52: Cold War Review

What did the Limited Test Ban Treaty accomplish?

It barred nuclear testing in the atmosphere.