COLD WAR - EUROPE

Cold War Conflict between the U.S. and the

Soviet Union, short of actual military conflict

Democracy vs. Communism

Eastern European nations fall to Communism after WWII Known as the Iron Curtain of Soviet Bloc

Containment U.S. policy of stopping the spread of

communism to other nations

Truman Doctrine Military and economic aid to nations

fighting a communist threat (Greece & Turkey)

Marshall Plan U.S. aid to war torn nations in Western

Europe to help stop the spread of communism ($24 billion in aid)

Berlin Airlift After Soviet blockade into West Berlin,

Truman orders an “airlift” of supplies into West Berlin

Lasts almost a year before Soviets lift blockade

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) Alliance of democratic nations in

response to Soviet threat 1st peacetime entangling alliance for the

U.S.

Cold War In Asia

The U.S. & China Peasantry & poverty put Mao Zedong &

communists in control of China Soviet Union supported the communists

w/ military aid U.S. supports nationalists under Chaing

Kai-Shek (they lose & move to Taiwan)

The USSR: A-Bomb Test Soviets explode their atomic bomb 1952: U.S. explodes hydrogen bomb Soviets explode one in 1953 Beginning of an arms race

The U.S. & Japan U.S. occupies Japan from 1945 until the

early 1950’s (Korean War) Helps rebuild Japan’s infrastructure

(factories, roads, etc.) Japan becomes an ally in the Pacific

Hot War in Asia: Korean War Japan loses Korea after WWII U.S. & Soviet Union agree to split Korea

@ the 38th parallel line U.S. withdraws from S. Korea & the

communists take over S. Korea Truman does not declare war – he uses

his power as Commander in Chief to send troops into a “police action”

UN calls for a limited war Gen. MacArthur disagrees w/ Truman &

pushes the communists back all the way to the Chinese border

China freaks out and mobilizes army MacArthur wants to invade China, but

Truman says NO!!Why?? USSR would get involved…WWIII

MacArthur ignores Truman and is fired!

Cold War & Containment in the 1950’s

End of Korean War Armistice in 1953 after Eisenhower is

elected

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OF_Ts_6oSi8

Domino Theory & Massive Retaliation Promoted by Eisenhower & Sec. Dulles Believed that if one country fell to

communism it would set off a chain reaction

U-2 Spy Incident U.S. plane shot down while spying on

Russia Gary Powers (pilot) was exchanged for

a Soviet spy Nikita Khrushchev cancels summit in

response

SEATO Alliance similar to NATO which

developed between England, U.S., France, Australia, New Zealand, Thailand, & Philippines

Egypt Nationalizes the Suez Canal

Eisenhower Doctrine Send troops to any Middle Eastern

nation that wanted help to fight communism

Sputnik Small metal sphere that orbited the

earth (Soviet making) Shocked the U.S. Caused education increases for

sciences and for the space race

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KMFvr1VwSSo

COLD WAR EVENTS – AT HOME

McCarthyism Use of unsupported accusations to

intimidate people Sen. Joseph McCarthy claims there are

some 205 communists in the State Dept. Became very popular w/public, listened to

him on the radio McCarthy attacks so-called communism in

the U.S. military Condemned by the Senate, led to his

demise

Smith Act Illegal to join the communist party

McCarren – Walter Act Communists organizations must register

& disclose financial statements as well as no more communists can enter this country (immigration act)

HUAC Led by Nixon, accused communists had

to testify in front of the House of Reps.

The Hiss Case Whittaker Chambers a former

communist accused Alger Hiss in front of HUAC as being a spy

The Pumpkin papers, Hiss got 5 years in prison

The Rosenberg’s Convicted of passing secrets about the

A-bomb to the Soviets & were executed in 1953

The Cold War: Crash Course

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9C72ISMF_D0

Truman & Eisenhower Domestic Policies

GI Bill of Rights Veterans get money for college, books,

etc. (low interest) Had a positive effect on the housing

market & increased college enrollment

Price Controls Removed after WWII by Truman Prices of goods increased by 25% Led to strikes for higher wages

Taft – Hartley Act Law limits power of unions over

Truman’s vetoEmployers can sue unions80 day cooling off period can be called by

the President to delay a strike

Fair Deal Truman’s domestic program includes:

Increase in minimum wage – 75 centsIncrease in social security to people not

originally coveredLow income housing funding

DID NOT PASS:No national healthcareNo Federal aid for educationNo Civil Rights Bill

Eisenhower Doctrine Favored business interests but disagreed

on cutting back on social programs Increased minimum wage & social

security Creation of the Depts/ of Health,

Education, & Welfare Interstate Highway Act – money to build

Interstate thruways Growth of Suburbs

Feminine Mystique

Consumerism A preoccupation with the purchasing of

material goods

AUTOMANIAhttp://www.swide.com/sport-man/luxury-car/top-10-cars-of-the-1950s-from-fiat-500-to-cadillac-eldorado/2012/12/02

Television in the 1950’s

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8NPzLBSBzPI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4wKlth2yTF8

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RVKAVJO-1wY

1950’s Music

1950’s Fashion

1950’s Inventions

1950’s Slang

Ankle-biter

Big Daddy

Binoculars/peepers

Back seat bingo

gig

Flat-topdeuce

Burn rubber

weed

horn

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8gA0gGK6Mew

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Et0GocBFrKo