COLD WAR AGAIN

ANDRES DUQUE BCRISTIAN HERRERA PSANTIAGO PUENTES J

GIMNASIO CAMPESTRE“10-C”

Jimmy Carter

• 39th president of the USA (1977 to 1981)

• Throughout his career, Carter strongly emphasized human rights.

• The final year of his presidential tenure was marked by the 1979 takeover of the American embassy in Iran and holding of hostages by Iranian students, an unsuccessful rescue attempt of the hostages, also the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.

• He try being president again in 1981 but lost the election to Republican candidate Ronald Reagan.

• Carter is a key figure in the Habitat for Humanity project, and also remains particularly vocal on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

Salt II

Salt II was a controversial experiment of negotiations between Jimmy Carter and Leonid Brezhnev from 1977 to 1979 between the U.S. and the Soviet Union, which sought to curtail the manufacture of strategic nuclear weapons. It was a continuation of the progress made during the SALT I talks. SALT II was the first nuclear arms treaty which assumed real reductions in strategic forces to 2,250 of all categories of delivery vehicles on both sides.

Jimmy Carter and Leonid Brezhnev sign SALT II treaty, June 18, 1979, in Vienna.

SALT: Strategic Arms Limitation Talks

Ronald Reagan

The Reagan policy was marked by his desire to stopSoviet expansionism, considered inevitable by his predecessorCarter. This position was a conflict that emerged victoriousbecause of their tenacity. He knew how to turn the arms race in a struggletechnology, which itself broke industrial and scientific capacityMoscow dreams

USA and The USSR

In the late 80´s the Gorbachev popularity vs. the popularity of the USA president Ronald Reagan was considerably lower than the USSR President. Reagan by that time propose the SDI.

Rate Popularity of R. Reagan

1985 1986

SDI

Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), and Star Wars the popular science fiction film of its time, was a system proposed by U.S. President Ronald Reagan on March 23, 1983 to use ground-based systems and space to defend United States against a nuclear attack with intercontinental ballistic missiles. The initiative was geared more toward strategic defense to a political offensive as the old theory of Mutual Assured Destruction or MAD.

AFGHANISTAN SITUATION BEFORE THE INVASION:

Intervention in Afghanistan

Nur Mohammad Taraki was elected president of the New Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA). Taraki regime announced its program of reforms, including elimination of usury, equal rights for women, agrarian reform and administrative decrees classic Marxist-Leninist regimes. The reform program then became a threat to basic Afghan cultural patterns. At this point began a civil war in afghanistan. collapse after a while the government and the army, and Hafizullah Amin took control of the country, conducting an internal coup on September 14, 1979.

On the night of December 24, 1979, the Soviet army crossed the northern border and began the invasion of the country under the pretext of responding to the "call" the Afghan regime to confront the rebels. Opposition to the Soviets and the Karmal regime was extended further, with an increase in violence in urban areas and an escalation of resistance in all regions of the country. In early 1980 several regional groups, collectively known as mujahideen (fighters)-had joined within the country or in the border area of Peshawar, to resist the Soviet invaders and the pro-Soviet Afghan army.On December 27th, 1979, Amin WAS shot by the Russians and He Was Replaced by Babrak Kamal. His position as head of the Afghan Government Entirely depends on the fact-I Needed That Russian military support to keep him in power. Had Many Afghan soldiers deserted to the Mujahdeen and the Government Kamal Needed 85.000 Russian soldiers to keep him in power.

The United Nations Had Condemned the invasion as early as January 1980 But a Security Council motion calling for the Withdrawal of Russian forces Had Been vetoed by russia.Mikhail Gorbachev took Russia out of the Afghanistan fiasco when he realized what many Russian leaders had been too scared to admit in public - that Russia could not win the war and the cost of maintaining such a vast force in Afghanistan was crippling Russia's already weak economy.

By the end of the 1980's, the Mujahdeen was at war with itself in Afghanistan with hard line Taliban fighters taking a stronger grip over the whole nation and imposing very strict Muslim law on the Afghanistan population.

SOVIET INVASION

Why is recognized?

President Ronald Reagan spoke to the National Association of Evangelicals (NAE) in Orlando, Florida, on March 8, 1983, he used the term evil empire to describe the Soviet Union. Millions of Americans heard or read the phrase and remembered it for years.

What he wanted to say with this speech?

At first he wanted to explained why the United States had been locked in a cold war with the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics since the end of World War II. Also this speech talks about moral values, particularly how they underlay American democracy and how political disagreements were often, at bottom, moral conflicts. Reagan delivered the speech at a time when his defense and foreign policies divided the American people. He was hoping to enlist the members of the NAE and other Christian conservatives to support his national security policies as they had his social policies.

Evil Empire Speech

Watch Ronald Reagan “Evil Empire “Speech

Bibliography:

http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/jimmycarter

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategic_Arms_Limitation_Talks

http://www.state.gov/www/global/arms/treaties/salt2-1.html

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Reagan_and_Gorbachev_(1985).jpg

http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/ronaldreagan

http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/ronaldreagan

http://www.willisms.com/archives/2007/12/trivia_tidbit_o_468.html