coke making

Coke making technology

Why?

What?

How?


• Requirement of Blast Furnace

• Single most costliest material for Iron

making

Why ?


Coke provides BF

• Reducing atmosphere

• Source of heat

• Semi permeable burden

• Strength to the bed

Why ?

What ?

CokeCoal

Conditions:

a) In absence of air

b) Temp. of 1200- 1250 deg Celsius

c) Coking time (18 – 20 Hrs.)


(HTC)


Composition of

Coal Coke

Fixed C 55.0 – 60.0% 80.0 – 85.0%

Ash 10.0 – 12.0% 15.0-17.0%

VM 22.0 – 24.0% <0.8%

Moisture 6.0 – 8.0% 4.0 - 6.0%

What ?

How ?

Coal Handling

PlantCoke Oven

Battery

Coke Handling

Plant

Coal Chemicals

To

BF

Coal

Clean C.O. Gas

Raw C. O. Gas

U/F Gas

Coke CokeCoal


battery-schalke.exe

Coke making technologyCOAL

PCC : Prime Coking Coal

MCC : Medium Coking Coal

INDIGENOUS IMPORTED

PCC MCC MCC

(Soft)

PCC

(Hard)1. Patherdih

2. Sudamdih

3. Bhojudih

4. Jamadoba

5. Munidih

6. Dugdha

1. Kathara

2. Kedla

3. Swang

4. Rajarappa

1. Australia

2. China

3. USA

4. NZ

1. Australia

2. Indonesia

Wagon TipplerCoal

BEDS ( 1 – 12 nos. )

Stacking through

Wing Tripper

Silo ( 1 –14 nos.)

in two rows

Primary Crusher

Secondary

Crusher

Process Flow Chart : Coal Handling Plant

Coal to Coal Tower

- 3 mm : 85 % (max)

RECLAIMER

Pneumatic

Classifier

- 3 mm : 60-65 %

Beds : For averaging

Silos : For blending

Charging car

Batteries (1,3,4 & 6)

Ht : 4.5 mt., avg. width : 450 mm

Length : 14m,

Useful vol. : 23.8 m3

Carbonisation temp : 1200-

12500C

Ram / Pusher Car

Hot car driven by

Electric Loco

Process Flow Chart : C.O. Battery

Wharf

Total coke

Coal Tower

Guide car

To CSP

Hot Coke

Quenching Tower

Quenched

Coke

C.O. / B.F.

Gas for

Underfiring

Flushing Liquor

from Coal Chemical

Raw

Gas

To Coal

Chemicals

How ?Coke making technology

COAL

A

PGCM

(+ve)

Regenerator

CHARGING CAR

RAM

CAR

BFBF

COKE CAR

GUIDE

CAR

FREE SPACE 800 ºC

To BPPGN

CO

W.H.BoxW.H.Box

Wharf

battery-schalke.exe


TUNNEL TUNNEL

REGENERATOR

A

P

GCM(+ve)

28 27 26 25 24 23 ……………………………… 4 3 2 1

BFBF

CO

W.H.BOX

CHIMNEY

W.H.BOX

R/SC/S

Twin Flue Underjet Regenerative Compound type BatteryG/N

Butterfly valve


Present Status

Batteries in running condition.: 1, 3B, 4, 6

No. of ovens in each battery: 78 nos.

Oven dimensions: 14m X 4.5m X 0.45m(avg)

Useful volume of each oven: 23.8m³

80 mm Grizzly

Quenched coke

from wharf

Coke cutter

+ 80 mm

20 mm Grizzly

- 80 mm

Check Screen

Secondary

Screen

Process Flow Chart : Coke Sorting Plant

B.F.Coke

+ 20 mm - 80 mm

Nut Coke

+ 15 mm - 20 mm

Breeze Coke

+ 0 mm - 15 mm


16

constituents of Coke Oven Gas

• Mainly Methane and Hydrogen

• From point of view of Coal Chemicals,

they also contain:

Tar fog and moisture

Ammonia

Naphthalene

Benzol

Coke making technologyOur breadwinners in Coal Chemicals

2010-2011

Ammonium Sulphate (Raja) Rs. 6500/t

Benzene Rs. 47500/t

Toluene Rs. 44200/t

Light Solvent Naphtha (LSN) Rs. 49858/t

Naphthalene Flakes Rs. 57000/t

Heavy Creosote Oil (HCO) Rs. 24500/t

CTPD Rs. 17950/t

Crude coal Tar Rs. 17700/t

Questionnaire

1. Coke is used in the BF to act as an

A) Oxidising agent. B) Reducing agent C) Catalyst D) None of these.

2. Coal to coke conversion process is known as

A) LTC B) HTC C) Gasification of coal. D) None of these.

3. Primary purpose of Coke Oven is to make

A) Coke B) C.O. gas C) Coal chemicals D) All of the above.

4. Coke making process takes place in absence of air inside the ovens for ensuring

A) Heating of ovens B) Reducing atmosphere C) Minimum loss of fixed carbon

D) Maximum yield of coal chemicals.

5. Percentage of ash after conversion of coal to coke

A) Increases B) Decreases C) Remains same D) May increase or decrease.

6. Size of coal to be charged into the ovens is

A) 20 to 80 mm. B) –20 mm. C) –3 mm. D) 25 to 80 mm.

Questionnaire

7. In Coal handling plant silos are used for

A) Blending B) Averaging C) Both blending and averaging D) Only for storing.

8. In Coal handling plant Wing Trippers are used for

A) Tripping of wagons B) Reclaiming of coal C) Stacking of coal D) Crushing of coal.

9. Flushing liquor in C.O. Battery is used for

A) On main charging of ovens B) Off main charging of ovens C) Reducing the temp.

of C.O. gas in G.N. D) Both (A) & (C).

10. Which gas is used as an underfiring gas for heating the battery in DSP?

A) Only C.O. gas B) Only B.F. gas C) Mixed gas D) Either C.O. gas or B.F. gas.

11. Distillation of tar is done to get

A) Benzene. B) Naphthelene oil. C) CTPD. D) Raja fertiliser. E) Both (B) & (C).

12. In C.O. batteries Regenerators are used for

A) Preheating of C.O. gas. B) Preheating of BF gas and air. C) Partial recovery

of heat from waste gas. D) Both (B) & (C).

coke making

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