cochrane canada plenary 2011, palepu
DESCRIPTION
Dr. Anita Palepu talking about the importance of open access to medical evidence and some of the issues that prevent accessTRANSCRIPT
An editor’s perspective of the importance ofcredible evidence being open and available
Improving credibility in journal publishing:
Anita Palepu, MD, MPHEditor and Founder of Open MedicineScientist, CHEOSProfessor of Medicine, UBC
• Editor, Open Medicine
• Associate Editor, General Medicine Annals of Internal Medicine
Disclosures
Cochrane Canada Symposium Plenary | 17 February 2011, Vancouver BC
• EQUATOR-Network– Importance of standardizing how we present
health research to ensure high quality reporting
• Open Access– Powerful societal movement to remove barriers
to scholarly information• Opportunities to innovate and partner
– Use of wiki to update systematic and scoping reviews
– Social media and broader dissemination
Roadmap
• To improve the quality of reporting of health research
• CONSORT Statement - for randomized controlled trials• PRISMA - for systematic reviews and meta-analysis• STROBE - for observational studies in epidemiology• STARD - for diagnostic accuracy studies• MOOSE - for meta-analysis of observational studies
Reporting Guidelines
Current Model of Publishing
• Medical knowledge is privately owned and available in a timely way only to those who can pay
• Authors lose ownership of their work when sign over copyright to the publisher
• Billions of dollars of taxpayer research funding research seen by small fraction of the intended audience– Cost of annual subscription
to Brain Research is ~$24,000
Current model restricts access
The journal crisis
• High profile drug trial can earn up to $1m in reprint sales
• Market leader Elsevier earned adjusted operating profits of $693m/yr euros in 2009, margins of 35% on core journal business
• Medical publishing the fastest growing sub-sector of media industry for past 19 years
Restricted access drives big profits
• Impedes global research
• Contributes to knowledge gap in developing countries
• Hampers capacity building and collaboration
• Clinicians, patients and health policymakers can’t make decisions based on all the available information
Restricted access does harm
• In 21st century, we are information-rich
• Easier to access ‘medical evidence’ & exchange information, communicate
• Less expensive to publish online • Fast, or instantaneous
• Global reach• Includes developing countries, global health issues
• Web 2.0 requires two-way ‘social’ interaction, feedback mechanisms
The web changed everything
•A business model
•Free access
•A replacement for peer review
•Low impact
What open access is not
Removes barriers to access: • Free, immediate access online
Removes barriers to usage• Unrestricted distribution and re-use • Author retains ownership and rights to attribution• Manuscripts are deposited in a public online
archive (usually full-text and xml [tagged html])
Bethesda Principles, April 2003
What is open access
Free, unrestrictedunrestricted access
“If you have an apple and I have an apple and we exchange these apples then you and I will have each one apple. But if you have an idea and I have an idea and we exchange these ideas, then each of us have two ideas.”
George Bernard Shaw
PLoS Image
Re-mix
• Taxpayers (patients), policy makers, government
• Clinicians, researchers
• Teachers & students, libraries, librarians
• Learning organizations, universities
• Developing nations
Who benefits from OA?
• Updating systematic review – using wikis
• Leveraging social media to better disseminate
• Enhancing interactivity
• Disseminating Cochrane content through open access journals – Summaries
– Commentaries and Editorials
Opportunities to innovate and partner
Open Medicine wiki SR
Open Medicine wiki SR
Open Medicine wiki SR
• Integrity – Important clinical questions are answered using valid methods (Registration and Ethical conduct)
• Transparency – These results are reported using the best available reporting guidelines to ensure reproducibility
• Accountability – These findings are made open access to ensure widest dissemination to users and opportunities for data mining and derivative work
Credible Evidence Base