cocciardi and associates, inc. presented by: steven c. strayer, cih, csp, rehs, rs cocciardi and...
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Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
PRESENTED BY:
STEVEN C. STRAYER, CIH, CSP, REHS, RSCOCCIARDI AND ASSOCIATES, INC.
4 KACEY COURTMECHANICSBURG, PA 17055
www.cocciardi.com
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
HISTORY OF THE WORKPLACE SAFETY COMMITTEE (WSC)
Non-existent prior to OSH Act
NOT REQUIRED
Initially, Steel and Auto
PA Act 44 (1993)/PA Act 57 (1996, Amended 1999)
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
PURPOSE OF A WORKPLACE SAFETY COMMITTEE
A. Improve Site Safety
B. Interaction of Labor and Management to Promote Safety
C. ID Hazards
D. Recommend and Implement Corrective Measures
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
BENEFITS OF A WORKPLACE SAFETY COMMITTEE
According to OSHA, the most frequently cited standards are: (1) 1926.451 (Scaffolding-general requirements) – 6,587 (2) 1910.1200 (Hazard Communication) – 5,382 (3) 1926.501 (Fall Protection-general requirements) –
4,091 (4) 1910.147 (Lockout/Tagout) – 3,312 (5) 1910.134 (Respiratory Protection) – 3,033 (6) 1910.305 (Electrical-wiring methods, components and
equipment for general use) – 2,465 (7) 1910.212 (Machine Guarding-general requirements) –
2,441 (8) 1910.178 (Powered Industrial Trucks) – 2,298 (9) 1910.219 (Mechanical Power Transmission
Apparatus) - 1,777 (10) 1910.303 (Electrical-general requirements) – 1,770
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
BENEFITS OF A WORKPLACE SAFETY COMMITTEE
The Top Ten standards where most “willful” violations were cited included:
(1) 1926.652 (Excavations – requirements for protective systems) - 48
(2) 1926.451 (Scaffolding – general requirements) - 44 (3) 1926.501 (Fall Protection – general requirements) - 39 (4) 1910.146 (Permit-Required Confined Space) - 23 (5) 1910.95 (Occupational Noise Exposure) - 20 (6) 1910.147 (Lockout/Tagout) - 18 (7) 1910.134 (Respiratory Protection) and 1910.269
(Electrical power generation, transmission and distribution) - 15
(8) 1910.212 (Machine Guarding – general requirements); 1926.651 (Excavations – specific requirements); and 1926.760 (Fall Protection) - 14
(9) 1910.1200 (Hazard Communication) - 12 (10) 1926.453 (Aerial Lifts) - 11
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
ACTUALLY………………….
A. Reduce number of workplace injuries and illnesses
B. Reduce ancillary (“Hidden”) costs
C. Promote Safety Awareness
D. 5% Discount
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
HIDDEN COSTS
*Up to 5 – 10 times the actual W. C. claim*…….OUCH!!!
Production Delays Coworker lost time while attending to victim Repair, clean-up, and restart of affected
operations Replacement workers and/or overtime Accident Investigation Costs Morale Issue Employee distraction on the job and at home Legal Council Settlement
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
EFFECTIVENESS?
In PA:
1964 – 23.2 injuries/1,000 workers
1999 – 14.8 injuries/1,000 workers(1998 – 15.6)
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
NEW WORKPLACE SAFETY COMMITTEE FORMATION
1. Establish a Foundation Common measurable goals Commitment from Labor and
Management Trust Communicate Non-Adversarial Resolution,
etc.
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
LOOKING FOR A FEW GOOD EMPLOYEES
Interested/Committed to Improving Safety
Supervisor Feedback Safety Performance History Reporting Safety Concerns This goes for Employer Reps, also……
Along with: Responsiveness Accident History of Reports Ability to Implement Change Conflict Resolution
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
MONTHLY MEETINGS
Regularly Scheduled Agenda Quorum Meeting Minutes
Documentation of Hazard Detection Activities, Reviewing/Analyzing Accident Records, Implementing Corrective Actions, etc.
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
WORKPLACE SAFETY COMMITTEE TASK THOUGHTS
A. Auditing Procedures
B. Accident and Illness Investigation
C. Job Safety Analysis
D. Making Recommendations
E. Measuring Effectiveness
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
AUDITING PROCEDURES
PURPOSE:A. Hazard Detection
B. Verification of current or newly implemented procedures
C. ID potential solutions to minimize or control risk
D. Measure company safety program performance
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
STEPS TO AUDITING PROCESSA. Accident/Injury/Illness/”Near Miss”
Report Reviews Trends(Caution: Does not make decisions on short review periods)
B. Administrative and Policy Issues HASP Compliance and “Best Practice” Procedures Training Records Equipment Maintenance Records Contractor Pre-qualification New Employee Introduction Corporate Policy Statement Signed by
Management
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
STEPS TO AUDITING PROCESS
C. Physical Facility Review The “Walk-Through”
Potential Regulatory Violations (Ask yourself “Does this look safe?”)
Pay attention to “Hot” areas (See “A”) Use a checklist Don’t forget about off-site work Do quarterly
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
ACCIDENT AND ILLNESS INVESTIGATIONS
Elements of an accident (NSC):
1. The source of the accident (the item).
2. Type of the accident (e.g. falling).
3. The unsafe condition.
4. The unsafe act.
5. The body part or kind of injury.
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
Unsafe Act
• An employee act, which violates a procedure in which the employee has been trained, which may cause an accident.
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
Unsafe Condition
• A physical occurrence in which employer control procedures have not been developed, which may cause an accident.
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
Accident Investigation
• An accident is any unplanned event that results in personal injury or in property damage.
• The failure of people, equipment, supplies, or surroundings to behave or react as expected causes most accidents.
• Accident investigations determine how and why these failures occur.
• Conduct accident investigations with accident prevention in mind - investigations are NOT to place blame.
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
9 Step Accident Investigation Procedure:
1. Go to the scene as promptly as possible.2. Talk to the injured and witnesses.3. Listen for clues.4. Encourage accident prevention ideas.5. Determine unsafe acts/unsafe conditions.6. Confer with interested parties about the solution.7. Write a report, including a narrative.8. Follow-up to insure conditions are corrected.9. Publicize the corrective action for health promotion
purposes.
(Source: Supervisors Safety Manual; National Safety Council)
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
BASIC CAUSES
INDIRECT CAUSES
(SYMPTOMS)
DIRECT CAUSESA detailed analysis of an accident will normally reveal three cause levels: basic, indirect, and direct
Management Safety Policy & DecisionsPersonal Factors
Environmental Factors
Unsafe Act Unsafe Condition
Unplanned Release of Energy and/or
Hazardous Material
ACCIDENTPersonal Injury
Property Damage
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
Problem Solving TechniquesJob Safety Analysis
• Job Safety Analysis (JSA) is part of many existing accident prevention programs.
• In general, JSA breaks a job into basic steps, and identifies the hazards associated with each step as well as prescribing controls for each hazard.
• A JSA is a chart listing these steps, hazards, and controls.
• Review the JSA during the investigation if a JSA has been conducted for the job involved in an accident.
• Perform a JSA if one is not available to determine the events and conditions that led to the accident.
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
MAKING RECOMMENDATIONS
A. Define the Problem: ID underlying causes (i.e. avoid general statements) example: Not “Careless Work Habits”, but “Are work procedures properly defined and communicated?” or “Do we have the right equipment and training?”
B. Gathering Information Unsafe Practices Unsafe Conditions
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
MAKING RECOMMENDATIONS
C. ID Possible Solutions Seriousness of Problem Regulatory Action Risk Reduction Effects on Production Cost of Implementation
(equipment, training, maintenance, etc.)
D. Finalize a Solution
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
MAKING RECOMMENDATIONS
E. Present to Management Clearly define potential impact Why this solution and/or why not
others Outline a plan of implementation Suggest implementation
timeframe Costs/Benefits Analysis Get to the “Right” people
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
MEASURING EFFECTIVENESS OF YOUR WORKPLACE SAFETY
COMMITTEEA. Need a starting point weak areas vs.
strong areas (audit information)
B. Hard criteria such as accident rates and severity (costs/lost mandays)
C. Behavioral changes
D. Willingness to participate in the safety process (i.e. committee volunteers, communication of concerns, etc.)
E. May consider different goals for different operational areas
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.
Cocciardi and Associates, Inc.