CMV virus in lung -- both cytoplasm and nucleus enlarged

CMV -- gastric biopsy with huge cells in glands

Fungus -- branching hyphae with septa

Soap bubble lesion

Cryptococcus -- mucin stain in brain, thick capsule

Initially starts in lung and disseminates to brain -- Verchow-Robbin’s space

Broad based budding

Blastomycoses

Room temp Blastomycoses -- mold phase

Entamoeba histolyca -- trophozoites -- cytoplasm much larger than nucleus -- secretes perforin and creates flask shaped ulcers

Leprosy

Staph aureus sepsis in heart

Spinal Fluid -- neutrophils with gram (+) diplococci

Neuts in synovial fluid -- Neisseria gonorrhoeae in neuts -- gram (-) coccus - produces protease which inactiveate IgA

Gonorrheal urethral discharge

Endocarditis

Physical exam findings?

Heart murmur, splinter hemorrhages, Osler’s node

Coccidioides immitis -- huge spherules

Cause what disease?

Valley fever

Coccidiodomycosis -- spherule with endospores

Cryptococcus -- mucin stain

Histoplasmosis peripheral blood smear -- esp in immunocompromised pts

Histoplasmosis -- fibrosing mediastinum

Blastomycosis - verrucous lesions with central healing

Contact with what animal?

Beavers

Broad based budding

Blastomyces dermatididis

Neut response forming microabscesses

Hookworm teeth

Giardia lamblia -- it looks back at you

Symptoms?

Cramping, bloating, smelly steatorrhea

Ascaris worm bolus creating intestinal obstruction

Roundworm

Toxoplamosis cyst in brain -- calcifications of CT, skin rash, poor nursing, blueberry muffin baby

Part of ToRCH

Syphilis with silver stain

CMV in salivary gland

Herpes - multinucleated cells with nuclear inclusions

Herpes inclusions

Herpes vesicles/blisters -- contagious

Herpes on the eye

Football shaped larvae in stools?

Pinworm

Measles -- Clinical Symptoms?

Koplike spots on oral mucosa, rash on trunk then extremities

Primary syphilitic chancre -- non-painful

Secondary syphilis -- also have gumma formation

Chlamydia -- usually silent infection -- less discharge-- mononuclear cells with vacuoles and inclusions

Lymphocytes with “downy” appearance, pt with elevated white count and hepatosplenomegaly

Mononucleosis

Chronic granulomatous disease -- deficient hydrogen peroxide production, so catalase (+) bacterial infections common (S. aureus, gram (-) enterics, Pseudomonas, most fungi) -- lymph node with epitheliod cells

Severe oral candiasis -- can tell by rim around lesion

Mucor -- immunocompromised patient

Cystic fibrosis -- lots of PMNs in lung

MAI -- mycobacterium avium intracellular complex -- no gramulomas formed b/c only in immunocompromised pts

Fungus ball

Aspergillus

Aspergillus

Candida -- budding yeasts and pseudohyphae

Cryptosporidium -- covers surface

HIV -- lymphadenopathy -- follicles huge