clusters one and two final revision

8/14/2019 Clusters One and Two Final Revision

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Paper 2 Section ADont forget to bring

your anthology for this

exam


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Poetry from Different Cultures 45 minutes

1 essay There will be two questions to choose from.You

answer only ONE question. You need to know all of the poems in one whole

clusteras the examiners will name one poem ineach question.

You only compare TWO poems in this essay.The examiner will name one in the title and you

must choose the second to compare it to. Learn a variety ofcomparative connectives

and compare in every paragraph.


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Limbo =

place for lost or unbaptised Silent dark of slave ship is described = terrible experience

of being human cargo

Strong beat of limbo dance links to poems rhythm (chorus,repetition, limbo, limbo like me, like some music (eg jazz)group of notes is repeated and developed)

Hypnotic effect of drummer (37)

Speaker squeezes under the stick (34-36), rises in triumphand feels exhilarated = triumph over his suffering.

These celebratory feelings are likely to be short lived

arriving at his destination means the suffering will continue(burning ground)


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Nothing Changed

Setting = scrubland of District Six

Modern restaurant contrasts with bunny

chows from the working mans caf

No sign (as there would have been during

apartheid) but still the restaurant would not

welcome Black people

Anger of narrator that in reality the end ofapartheid has changed nothing.


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District Six is the name of a former

neighbourhood ofCape Town, South Africa,

best known for the forced removal of itsinhabitants during the 1970s. It was named in

1867 as the Sixth Municipal District of

Cape Town, but by the turn of the century itwas already a lively community made up of

freed slaves, artisans, merchants and other

immigrants. It was home to almost a 10th of

the city of Cape Town's population.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Townhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Forced_removal&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1970shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1867http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freed_slavehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artisanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merchanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immigranthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Populationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Populationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immigranthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merchanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artisanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freed_slavehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1867http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1970shttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Forced_removal&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Town


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During the earlier part of the apartheid era,District Six was a remarkably multiculturaldistrict, with a heavy concentration of the people

known in South Africa as coloured, including asubstantial Cape Malay community, as well asother black, white and Asian people of variousbackgrounds. Many former District Six residentssee this cosmopolitanism as one of the main

reasons that it became a target for destruction.The removals were also doubtlessly motivatedby the district's beautiful views of the ocean andof Cape Town, and, as the city grew larger, itsproximity to the Cape Town city centre; all ofthese factors made it attractive for real estatedevelopment aimed at white residents
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apartheid_Erahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colouredhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Malayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Malayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colouredhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apartheid_Era


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On 11 February1966, the apartheid-eragovernment declared District Six a whites-only areaunder the Group Areas Act, with removals starting

in 1968. By 1982, more than 60 000 people hadbeen relocated to the comparatively bleakCape Flats some 25 kilometers away, and the oldhouses bulldozed. The only buildings left standingwere places of worship. International and local

pressure made redevelopment difficult for thegovernment, however. The Cape Technikon (nowpart of theCape Peninsula University of Technology) was builton part of the former District Six and the area was

renamed Zonnebloem, but apart from this the areawas left as a wasteland until relatively recently.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1966http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apartheidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_Areas_Acthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1968http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1982http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Flatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilometerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulldozehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Peninsula_University_of_Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zonnebloem&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zonnebloem&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Peninsula_University_of_Technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulldozehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilometerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Flatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1982http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1968http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_Areas_Acthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apartheidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1966http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_11


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Island Man

Sounds of the sea (island life) in the mans head remindhim of the Caribbean dreamy, groggy start to the poem(lack of punctuation highlights this)

Contrast with the noise and bustle of London traffic.

Still feels a sense of belonging to original home andculture but at same time has to face another day inLondon.

Colours/sounds (London = grey, metallic, roar,

Caribbean = emerald, blue, wild) breaking and wombing creates a sea-like rhythm,waves on pillow compared to waves on shore.

Line 12 uses sands when it should be sounds whichhighlights his groggy nature as he slowly wakes up.


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Blessing

Need for water is desperate heat isunremitting/unrelenting/constant: the skincracks like a pod (simile)

We are asked to imagine collecting water useof onomatopoeia: drip splash

The water main (municipal pipe) bursts silver crashes, flow, roar of tongues,

congregation = religious connotations People rush to gather water light

imagery/celebratory mood


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Two Scavengers in a TruckSetting: 1960s America

Bin men

grungy

gargoyle Quasimodo

plastic blazers

scavengers = job title,truth? Or societys labelfor them?

hanging on to bottom rung

of society? Morallysuperior to couple theyare looking down upon.

Cool couple

elegant

open Mercedes

coifed hair

suit & sunglasses

TV advert perfection,odourless (unreal)

Beautiful character or

appearance? beauty isonly skin deep

Represent the AmericanDream anything ispossible


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Message: Society shouldunite people of all

kinds

Both couples have sunglasses and one ofbinmen has long hair (fashionable in the 60s) =are they more similar than we are first led tobelieve??

Concern with image important to all? Are their lifestyle aspirations more closely linked

than seems apparent at first? We areencouraged to see links between the two

couples But final image is of gulf between them, whichcannot be bridged = separate elements


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Night of a Scorpion

Mother bitten by a scorpion in rural India (setting). Peasantpopulation steeped in a culture of religion and legend lifeand death are closely related.

Neighbours chant prayers and search for scorpion

Husband more logical attempts to cleanse the bite withburning paraffin

Traditional Indian values compared to Sceptic, rationalist(education brings his ideas closer to western ideas)

Mother recovered and gives thanks that the scorpion choseher not one of her children.

Themes? Key language features?


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Vultures

Vultures used as a metaphor for the

presentation of the Commandant at

Belson

What are their similarities?

What point is the poet making about the

good and evil of mankind?


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Vultures - The poem begins with an unpleasant description of

a pair of vultures who nestle lovingly together after feasting on

a corpse. The poet remarks on the strangeness of love,

existing in places one would not have thought possible.

He then considers the love a concentration camp commander

shows to his family - having spent his day burning human

corpses, he buys them sweets on the way home

.

The descriptions of the vultures is just a way to introduce the

topic of good and evil. They are a metaphor for the Nazi

Commandant.

The conclusion of the poem is ambiguous. On one hand,

Achebe praises providence (fate/chance) that even the

cruellest of beings can show sparks of love, yet on the other

he despairs - they show love solely for their family, and soallow themselves to commit atrocities towards others.
http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Hannah/My%20Documents/Lesson%20Plans/Y10/Poetry%20from%20Other%20Cultures/ambiguoushttp://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/Hannah/My%20Documents/Lesson%20Plans/Y10/Poetry%20from%20Other%20Cultures/ambiguous


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What Were They Like - Part 1

The first part of the poem is a set of questionsabout the people of Vietnam and their way of

life. Part two consists of the answers.

The layout is deliberate separate, clear

It highlights the fact that to most Americans at

the time of the Vietnam War, Vietnam was a

remote and unknown country.

The people of Vietnam were the ememy butvery alien to Americans

The poem highlights the ancient culture of

Vietnam


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Search For My Tongue

The writer worries that her mother tongue(Gujarati) is being taken over by her foreigntongue (English).

Use of disease, decay and rotting imagery to

show how she lost her mother tongue. The Gujarati script are incomprehensible to us

but it shows the cultural differences influencingthe writer.

Her mother tongue hasnt left her though.Through the use of the extended metaphor ofthe flower, we see that it grows back.


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Unrelated Incidents

Written in Scottish accent and dialect

Challenging the idea that BBC English is

better than other accents

Use of sarcasm to make his point


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Half Caste

Monologue

Term half-caste is absurd to the speaker think

about the connotations of this label

Use of satire (ridicule to make a political statement)highlights some of the ridiculous ideas some people

have

Use of metaphor to illustrate his point for example

Picasso painting, Tchaikovsky, weather

How does the tone change in the final section?


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Love After Love Self reflective poem.

Idea that we have different parts to our personality, in themirror different parts are reflected.

Rediscovering true self, issues of identity explored.

Love letters..photographs..desperate notes are left

overs from emotional times. Maybe the writer wants toexpress the idea that you need to appreciate yourselfbefore you can connect with someone else.

Celebration of self take time to know yourself: Feast onyour life.


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This Room The room can be seen as a metaphor for someones life.

The room is trying to break free of its walls, in a way a personmight try and challenge stereotypes, look for freedom insociety away from the claustrophobia of their daily life.

The bed is lifting out as though it is trying to escape. Thereis a move from the dark to the clouds which could again

represent a person becoming more open and free. Mundane nature of everyday life is challenged in verse 3. The

improbable interrupts the dull day.

A feeling of celebration is created with the bang and thehandsclapping. (Use of onomatopoeia/sounds)

A sense of excitement at sampling new things and attemptingnew experiences.


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Not My Business

Akanni beaten up and taken away Danladi taken in middle of night narrator sees

is as not being his business (yam) Chinwe is dismissed from her job with no

warning Knock on narrators door as he is about to eat How are language techniques used so

effectively here?

What message is the poet giving us?(fable/moral tale/justice vs. comfort)

Poem is rooted in Nigerias civil war and militarydictatorship


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Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan

Writer feels she has no fixed nationality. She hasmixed identity (English and Pakistani) but doesntfeel like she fits fully into either culture.

Look at the language to describe the Pakistaniclothes exotic and bright. She appreciates theirbeauty but they also feel alien to her, like acostume. Compare to the denim and corduroyshe longs for to fit in with her friends.

Contrasts between cultures is explored

Confusion about her sense of belonging feelslike the beggar girls


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Hurricane Hits England

Hurricanes in England in 1987

Hurricanes link the writer with her Caribbeanupbringing the hurricane is ancestral to her, shefeels related to it: back-home cousin

Sense that the lightening of the storm is also ablinding illumination or flash of inspiration shebegins to feel closer to English culture and her splitidentity.

The mystery is lifted as the frozen lake is defrostedin her mind. She feels a greater sense of belonging,her roots and foundation in the Caribbean are linkingher to England now.


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Essay Planning

Use this phrase to help you plan essays:

A bean sandwich ruptured across the ceiling

Bean = theme/meaning

Sandwich = language

Rupture = structureCeiling = feeling

Use these four sections to write 4-6 paragraphs

that compare the two poems. Remember to compare in each paragraph using a

comparative connective to link ideas.


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Cluster 1 Past Questions

Compare the ways an event s described inBlessing with the ways an event is describedin one other poem.

Compare the way people are presented inVultures and one other poem.

Cluster 2 Past Questions Compare the methods the poets use to explore

the connection between people and the placesin which they live in Hurricane Hits England

and one other poem. Compare the way identity is presented in Half-

Caste and Nothings Changed


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Ways to Revise

Make links between poems

Learn which poems focus on the same

themes

Learn a variety of comparative

connectives to help you compare

Ensure you can say something the effectof poetic techniques in each poem

Brainstorm quick essay plans


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What is a theme?A theme is an overriding

issue idea or concernthat the poem deals

with.


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Brainstorm these Themes

Violence Journeys Identity

Politics, Political Protest First Person People, Humanity Change

Non Standard English Culture Metaphor Sense of place, Roots

Which

poems arelinked by

which

theme?


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Identity

This basically means who am I?

Many factors influence our

identity: environment, friends,education, class, ethnicity, job,

parents, religion, interests, age.


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Roots

This is a similar term to identity. It

means what connects us to a certain

place, or culture or religion. The urge to put down roots is a very

strong emotion.

Many people in the anthology aredisplaced from their roots.


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Cultural Differences and Conflicts

When individuals from different traditionsand cultures live in the same country orcommunity CONFLICT sometimes arises.

CONFLICT however, can sometimes bepersonal or internal. For example someyoung people who have come to Englandto live grow apart from the culture of theirparents. Sometimes they REDISCOVERthis culture as they get older.


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Politics, culture and injustice

Again cultures can come into conflict due

to differences in class, race, politics and

religion.

Differences can breed mistrust, hate,

suspicion and division.

Alternatively some of the poems highlight

how shared cultures and traditions can

bring individual together.


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A Sense of Place

Many of the poems highlight how aplace or environment has affectedindividuals cultural outlook.

Sometimes the description of a placeis issued to reflect or illustrate aparticular idea: e.g. The description of

the brooding vultures on the Africanplains is used to represent the idea ofthe darker side of human nature.


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Humanity

Some of the poems focus on people or

human nature.

Often the dark side of humanity isrepresented. Sometimes differences in

cultural beliefs lead to savage

uncivilised behaviour. Sometimes shared cultural beliefs unite

individuals.


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Poetic Techniques

Personification

Alliteration

Onomatopoeia

Simile

Metaphors

Adjectives

Irony

Enjambment

Rhyme & Rhythm

How do the use of

senses help bring

the characters or

feelings to life?


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Comparative Connectives

On the other

hand

However

In contrast

But

Whereas

Similarly

Is similar to