clts in a rural context (hannah fleetwood)
DESCRIPTION
Présentation d'Hannah Fleetwood sur les CLT en milieu rural en AngleterreTRANSCRIPT
Overview
• The idea is that a rural context might need a different approach to urban CLTs.
• Britain is an urban nation – only 19% of people in England live in a rural area
• But British CLTs are a rural phenomenon: of 150 CLTs in England and Wales, 135 are rural – 90% of the national movement
The context: Introducing rural Britain
The context: Introducing rural Britain
• Commission for Rural Communities, 2008:
“For fifty years or more, policy has undervalued the countryside and failed to meet the needs of rural
communities and of the nation... Rural communities have slowly but relentlessly become less and less sustainable and
less and less self-sufficient.”
The context: Introducing rural Britain
• Lower earnings• Higher house prices• Older people• Declining services
The context: Introducing rural Britain
• Lower earnings• English median income: £22,000• Rural median income: £19,300
The context: Introducing rural Britain
• Higher house prices
£253,600 £241,300
The context: Introducing rural Britain
• Lower earnings• Higher house prices
In 2010, average lower quartile house price in urban areas = 7.2 x average lower quartile income
Average lower quartile house price in rural areas = 8.1 x average lower quartile income
• Older people• Declining services
The context: Introducing rural Britain
• Lower earnings• Higher house prices
• House prices rising faster than in urban areas:
• E.g., South East England, house prices increase 76% in 10 years
2003: £180,763 2013: £317,325
The context: Introducing rural Britain
• Lower earnings• Higher house prices• Older people
• Migration to rural areas: 54,000 in 2009/10• Generally older people: 21% are over 65 (19%
in urban areas). 50% are over 45 years old
• Migration out of rural areas: Generally younger people. E.g., Number of 30-44 year olds in rural North East communities has dropped 13.6% in the last decade.
• Declining services
The context: Introducing rural Britain
• Lower earnings• Higher house prices• Older people• Declining services
• Pubs, schools, shops, community facilities
So where does it go wrong for rural communities?
Where does it go wrong for rural communities?
Planning restrictions
Not scaleable
Developers not interested
Market housing more profitable
NIMBYism
Monopoly in land supply
So what about rural CLTs?
CLTs started by local community in response to this threat (or opportunity)
Lyvennet Community Trust, Cumbria
Wilton CLT, Wiltshire
High Bickington CPT, Devon
Film: High Bickington Community Property Trust
What is the role of the community?
There are two main routes for delivering CLT homes in rural England:
• “Go it alone” for the CLT (the traditional route)• Partnership with a housing association (or
developer)
In both cases the CLT owns the land and homes developed: this is the community’s primary and most important role.
Go your own way…
• CLT owns the site and develops itself• Once the homes are complete, the CLT is
responsible for management and allocations• E.g., High Bickington CPT• CLT bears all the risk of development, but retains all
the reward - including rents from the properties• Requires a big time commitment from the CLT
volunteers!
A beautiful partnership…
• CLT owns the site and grants a long lease to a housing association (or developer)
• Housing association develops the homes and manages them
• Housing association bears the development risks, but retains the rental income
• Break clause in the Agreement between the parties allows the CLT to buy back their interest after a period of time
• E.g., Worth Community Property Trust
A beautiful partnership…
• For a CLT: • Limits the risk that they bear• Access to expertise and financial capacity• Builds reputation with local authorities• Lessens the regulatory burden
• For the housing association• Gets houses developed!• Access to land and community support• Access to public finance• Enhances their reputation with communities,
and as an innovator
Who takes the initiative?
• Gatekeepers within the community: Parish Council, Village forum
• Tradition of volunteering and “all mucking in”: existing Trusts or new groups of people
• An individual with a vision, or an opportunity: e.g., landowner
• Sparks from local authority, housing association or rural community council?
Organising rural communities
Organising rural communities
SMALL POPULATION
Migration brings skilled volunteers
Isolation
Limited knowledge transfer
Strong identification with community
Poverty
Less detachment
Easier to reach people
Gatekeeper organisations
Structure
Entrenchment
Anti-development lobby
Addressing the challenges
• Limited knowledge transfer• Entrenched views of local organisations• Anti-development lobby / hidden
poverty
Fostering strong sector-led networks
Training and resources
Funding for CLTs
Regional Umbrella CLTs
Growing the movement
Interested in finding out more?
National CLT Network • Advice, resources, training and advocacy • See it and believe it – grants to visit CLTs
Visit www.communitylandtrusts.org.uk or contact Catherine Harringtonon [email protected] or 020 7067 1191
CLT Fund • Feasibility Fund • Technical Assistance Fund
www.cltfund.org.uk Contact Hannah Fleetwood [email protected] or 020 7067 1039
• National CLT Network website: www.communitylandtrusts.org.uk
• CLT Discussion Forum – Over 500 members http://communitylandtrusts.ning.com
• Follow the Network on Twitter: @community_land and Facebook
• Join the Network
• Contact us: [email protected] or 020 7067 1191
Keep updated!
Any questions?