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TRANSCRIPT
Cloud Compu)ng and IoT: Challenges and Opportuni)es
Prof. Eui-‐Nam Huh, PhD Kyung Hee University, Korea Chair of Sensor Network WG
Cloud Compu)ng
• Cloud: Dynamically provisioned virtual compu)ng resources.
• A ‘cloud’ is an elas)c execu)on environment of resources involving: – Mul)ple stakeholders
• Providers • Resellers • Users
– Provides a metered service at mul)ple granulari)es for a specified level of QoE and QoS.
IoT
• Internet of Things is used to conjure visions of a world of connected objects and items, i.e. connec)vity for anything.
• A combina)on of all different development effort may create an IoT that connects the world’s objects in an intelligent manner. – To connect everyday objects and devices to the Internet: RFID
– Embedded intelligence in Sensor technology – miniaturiza)on and nanotechnology
Cloud and IoT
• Its a debatable issue whether IoT is related to cloud systems at all : IoT will certainly have to deal with issues related to elas)city, reliability and data management etc.
• Specialized clouds may integrate dedicated sensors to provide enhanced capabili)es.
• Clouds may offer vital support to the IoT to deal with a flexible amount of data origina)ng from the diversity of sensors and “things”.
Cloud and IoT Rela)onship
• IoT may profit from cloud systems, but in fact there is no direct rela)onship between the two areas.
• There are however contact points that should not be disregarded.
• Data management and interfaces between sensors and cloud systems therefore show commonali)es.
IoT vs. Cloud IoT Cloud
Real Word Virtual World
Small things Big things
Constrained device Unlimited capabili)es
Unreliability Availability
Exponen)al growth Infrastructure scalability
User Centric Network Centric
Deals with small data Deals with big data
CISCO infographic shows of Internet of Things
BEECHAM Research
IoT Future Direc)ons
• We are in the early stages of the IoT, the much an)cipated era when all manner of devices can talk to each other and to intermediary services.
• For this era to achieve its full poten)al, operators must fundamentally change the way they build and run clouds. – Why?
• Machine-‐to-‐machine (M2M) interac)ons are far less failure tolerant than machine-‐to-‐human interac)ons.
IoT Future Direc)ons • In near future, everything from banks of elevators to cell phones to city
buses will either be subject to IP-‐connected control systems or use IP networks to report back cri)cal informa)on.
• IP addressability will become nearly ubiquitous. • Dedicated hardware results in expensive infrastructure requirements. • Thus, Cloud becomes the only viable op)on to affordably connect, track
and manage the new era of IoT. • In this new role, Cloud will have to step up its game to accommodate
more exac)ng demands. • The current storage infrastructure and file systems that backup and form
the backbone of the cloud are outdated for IoT.
IoT Future Direc)ons • The current API key infrastructure of the cloud cannot
easily handle the cri)cal and highly-‐secure informa)on flows.
• Architecture of public keys relies on 3rd party authoriza)on that make it very easy for hackers to carry out a “man-‐in-‐the-‐middle” aback.
• These APIs not only need beber hooks for user-‐specified authen)ca)on schemes but also require to be flexible and fast in order to support the higher volume of transac)ons.
• To mi)gate growing latency risks for mobile connec)vity of IP enabled devices in the IoT, present cloud system faces some new challenges.
Challenges for Architecture
• Cloud Compu)ng need to focus the exponen)al growth of the growing demand of for real )me, reliable data processing of the IoT.
• In this regard, a crucial ques)on that comes first: – How to design the architectural view of IoT over cloud.
Architecture • To provide a well define architecture of IoT over Cloud, we
need to emphasize on the following technical points. – Instrumenta)on
• Instrumenta)on through edge technology: sensors, actuators, iden)fica)ons etc.
– Interconnec)on • Interconnec)on through middleware
– Communica)on • Through networking technology : wired and wireless
– Intelligence • Through applica)on service : Cogni)ve Science
– Processing • Through cloud infrastructure : IaaS, PaaS, SaaS
Simple Architecture
IoT Requirements
• Dynamic resource demand • Real-‐)me needs • Exponen)al growth of demand • Availability of applica)on • Data protec)on and user privacy • Efficient power consump)ons of applica)ons • Execu)on of the applica)ons near to end users. • Access to an open and interoperable cloud system
Challenges in Cloud to enable IoT
• Support for applica)on elas)city • QoS and QoE assurance • Cloud Infrastructure scalability • Cloud reliability • Privacy and security • Efficient energy management • Inter-‐operability and portability
Open Challenges
• Par)cipatory Sensing • Data Analy)cs • GIS-‐based visualiza)on and Cloud compu)ng • Plug and play smart objects • Standardiza)on of protocols and frequency band.
• Standard WSN challenges – Architecture, energy efficiency, security, protocols, QoS etc.
Opportuni)es
• There are several applica)on domains which will be impacted by the emerging IoT and Cloud Compu)ng.
• Applica)ons can be categorized into four domains: – Personal Home – Enterprise – U)li)es – Mobile
Opportuni)es
Source : J. Gubbi, R. Buyya, S. Marusic, M. Palaniswamia “Internet of Things (IoT): A Vision, Architectural Elements, and Future Direc)ons”, 2012
Opportuni)es
Source : J. Gubbi, R. Buyya, S. Marusic, M. Palaniswamia “Internet of Things (IoT) : A Vision, Architectural Elements, and Future Direc)ons”, 2012
Research Issues
• IoT badly need some common protocol architecture to communicate all around.
• In this regard, Our SPMIPv6 can be a viable solu)on. Since it covers a broad domain of IP-‐WSN and the Internet.
• So, we can extend SPMIPv6 architecture to support IoT and Cloud domain.
• Scenario for healthcare can be adopted.
SPMIPv6
• SPMIPv6 stands for Sensor Proxy Mobile IPv6. • It is a WSN compa)ble version of PMIPv6. • Huge numbers of IP-‐WSN, also termed as IoT, can directly communicate with the Internet or cloud compu)ng infrastructures.
• It provides energy efficient sensing of the real world in terms of architecture and mobility.
SPMIPv6 Architecture
Research Issues
• We can think of making a cloud of smart sensors itself. Since smart sensors support virtualiza)on technology.
• In this case, cloud of smart sensor may collaborate with public and private cloud.
• In this case we can use our proposed business model for virtualiza)on of sensor network.
• In the exis)ng literature, there are some works for sensor and cloud integra)on but no specific approach for cloud of smart sensors itself.
Research Issues
• In case heterogeneous smart devices, a middleware based solu)on can be developed to communicate.
• There are already some well defined approaches in the IoT and Cloud integra)on issue that can enhanced further. For example, communica)on standard and guidelines.
Research Issues
• Exis)ng WSN challenges also need to be emphasized. – Energy efficient sensing – Par)cipatory sensing – Data mining – New protocols – QoS and QoE
Conclusions
• IoT, Cloud Compu)ng and Network of Smart Object are the aspects of Future Internet.
• We are at the beginning of a noble journey of Ubiquitous Compu)ng.
• In this journey many challenges and opportuni)es s)ll needs to face.
Ques)ons/ Answers