cloud costs: my 2 cents
TRANSCRIPT
Cloud costs: my 2 cents
Ali Khajeh-Hosseini
@AliKhajeh, @PlanForCloud Nov 2012, University of Bristol
Why am I here?
Show you how… cloud is changing IT spending
Global IT spending in 2012:
$3.5 Trillion
h#p://www.gartner.com/technology/research/it-‐spending-‐forecast/
Jan 2009: Started PhD in St Andrews
Feb 2011: Interned in California for 7 months
Dec 2011: Hassan quit his job and joined
May 2010: PlanForCloud v.1 ready
May 2012: Mountain View for YC interview
Feb 2012: Launched PlanForCloud v.2
What the heck is… a cloud?
Server
Rack
Container
Electricity, Water, Internet
2500 Servers
a cloud
Around 60 Staff 30 Megawatts = Perth (Scotland)! 140 Containers 38,500 m2 = 4 ftbl pitches
360,000 Servers 500,000,000 Dollars
h#p://www.microso9.com/Presspass/emea/presscentre/pressreleases/February2012/23-‐02DublinDataCentre.mspx
Infra
stru
cture-
as-a
-Servi
ce
Platfo
rm-a
s-a-Se
rvice
Softw
are-a
s-a-Se
rvice
Cloud Computing Focus of my talk
PlanForCloud helps users make decisions
RightScale helps users do it
How much would it cost to deploy my systems on Cloud X?
Would it be cheaper if I use deployment option X or Y?
What happens to my costs if: - my system grows? - cloud provider changes prices?
Software Engs Accountants
Users
IT managers Consultants
Cloud computing has many benefits - Elasticity - Pay-per-use pricing ...
Why do people care?
Capacity planning
Images taken from h#p://aws.amazon.com/economics/
Animoto’s crazy scale-out
h#p://blog.rightscale.com/2008/04/23/animoto-‐facebook-‐scale-‐up/
Scale-out from 50 to 4,000 servers in 3 days
Zynga’s Z-Cloud
h#p://www.rightscale.com/customers/zynga-‐grows-‐to-‐1-‐social-‐gaming-‐site-‐with-‐rightscale.php h#p://code.zynga.com/2012/02/the-‐evoluKon-‐of-‐zcloud/
Launch new games on public clouds Move to private cloud when usage patterns are understood
There are many providers and pricing models
Example: a MySQL Database AWS Relation Database Service (RDS) - Up-front reservation fee (optional) - CPU: $X/hour (based on instance type and cloud) - Storage: $X/GB/month - Transactions: $X/Millions of I/O ops - Provisioned IOPS: $X/IOPS/month (has other limitations) - Redundancy: double the CPU hourly rate - Data transfer: $X/GB (tiered across cloud)
What the heck? I just wanted a simple database
PlanForCloud simplifies this
around 10,000 prices in PlanForCloud
There are different purchase options - On-Demand: fixed rate - Reserved: pay upfront, lower rate - Spot: Bid how much you would pay - Discounts and consolidated bills
up-front procurement to pay-per-use
Image taken from h#p://aws.typepad.com/aws/2011/12/reserved-‐instance-‐opKons-‐for-‐amazon-‐ec2.html
AWS Reserved Instances
You have to specify: term (1/3 yr), utilization, availability zone, instance type and OS when buying a RI
AWS Reserved Instances Marketplace
Buy and sell reservations
AWS Spot Prices
Bid for an instance, it’ll get switched on if bid >= spot price. You pay spot price, AWS sets it.
h#p://www.cs.technion.ac.il/~ladypine/spotprice-‐slides-‐postmortem.pdf
Prices change (feels like there’s a price war between providers)
Re-generate cost forecast in PlanForCloud
Ok so that all sounds cool…
but is anyone doing this for real?
How much would Pinterest or TripAdvisor cost
to host on the cloud?
h#p://highscalability.com/blog/2012/11/1/cost-‐analysis-‐tripadvisor-‐and-‐pinterest-‐costs-‐on-‐the-‐aws-‐clo.html
How much would it cost to deploy System X on Cloud Y?
e.g. TripAdvisor’s 700K requests/min system on the AWS US-East cloud
$1.7M/year
Would it be cheaper to use deployment option X or Y?
e.g. reserved instances, different types of instances, different cloud providers…
$0.9M/year (using reserved instances)
1st month: $450K After: $38K/month
What happens to costs if system grows?
e.g. start with 410TB of S3 storage, then grow by 25% every month
Currently: $39K/month 1yr from now: $470K/month
It’s starting to get interesting 1. Many clouds worldwide 2. Many pricing models 3. Markets for computing 4. RightScale helps move between clouds
Cost optimisation
But it’s not all about costs Case study:
System infrastructure would have cost 37% less in AWS and 21% of support
calls could have been eliminated, but stakeholders were more concerned with
non-technical issues.
Cloud MigraKon: A Case Study of MigraKng an Enterprise IT System to IaaS. IEEE 3rd Int. Conf. on Cloud CompuKng. h#p://arxiv.org/pdf/1002.3492v1
Other considerations - Socio-technical factors - Security and compliance - Design for failure - Performance vs. cost trade-off
Don’t just optimise for cost
Yeah ok I get it, the cloud is great…
but do you have a job for me?
Why you should join a startup • Great learning environment • Informal and fun • Young people with lots of energy • Take work seriously, but not themselves • Move quickly: Just F*ing Do It (JFDI)
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