Cloud Computing:the Ultimate Centralized ICT Architecture?

Workshop on ethics and social accountability for ICT "The challenges of virtuality and the cloud: the implications of social accountability and professional ethics"

IFIP Working Group 9.2 on Social Accountability and ICT, Special Interest Group 9.2.2 on Ethics and ComputingBCS ICT Ethics Specialist Group.

London, 23 February 02015Norberto Patrignani

2 / 18

Cloud Computing as a Centralized Architecture

3 / 18

Firewall

PROVIDER's

LAN

Firewall

192.168.200.1

172.17.113.141

172.17.7.193

172.17.112.33

172.17.6.113

93.186.128.89

74.125.51.217

74.125.232.112

Cloud User

Cloud Provider

Cloud Computing Architecturer

4 / 18

Cloud Computing Architecture

USER's

LAN

System & Network Management

Firewall

PROVIDER's

LAN

Firewall

192.168.2.1

192.168.200.1

172.17.113.141

172.17.7.193

172.17.112.33

172.17.6.113

74.125.232.112(www.l.google.com)

93.186.128.89

74.125.51.217

74.125.232.112192.168.2.177

Cloud User

Cloud Provider

5 / 18

Terminals Host

Host PCs

Host-CentricComputing

Distributed, Client/ServerComputing

Cloud Computing: Back to the Future

TouchScreens

ProcessingStorage

ProcessingStorage

InputStorageProcessingOutputNetwork

Input

OutputNetwork

Input

OutputNetwork

HostCloud

Computing

6 / 18

Do artifacts have politics?Politeia vs Techne*

Supermarket Bazaar

Proprietary Software

centralized de-centralized

Nuclear Plant Solar Power

Free Software

Software as Service

PC Software

Boeing 747 Hang-Glider

Aircraft carrier Rowing Boat

Railway BicycleCarMetro

Mainframe ServerNetwork

Control CenterLAN Desktop Home PC

ShopShopping Malle-Commerce

LAN SoftwareServer Software

Submarine Ferry Boat

System Network Architecture

Internet

Glider

Ship Container

Sailors must yield to their captain's commands

Plato, Republic

Source: "The Whale and the Reactor - A search for Limits in an Age of High Technology", L.Winner, The University of Chicago Press, 1989

7 / 18

Cloud Computing as a Centralized Socio-Technical System

What Kind of Co-Shaping between ICT & Society?

8 / 18

Cloud Computing:Impact on Users and SMEs

Ethical Dilemmas for CIOs

Is there a Future for CIOs?

9 / 18

Services, NOT Devices

- Mobile access to (back-end) Applications drives the move to Cloud- Every SaaS provides Mobile access- Decrease Mobile traffic to In-House datacenter- With Bring-Your-Own-Device (BYOD) programs, IT is losing control ...

10 / 18

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Int.Prop. &

DATA

Ability to

ENFORCE

Regulatory or

Contractual

Obligations

Unauthorized

use of DATA

Confidentiality of

DATA

Availability of

DATA

Integrity of

DATA

Ability to Test or

AUDIT a Cloud

Provider’s

Environment

Source: Deloitte, Enterprise at Risk: Privacy and Data Prot. Survey, 2009

Cloud Computing: Enterprise Customers Concerns

11 / 18

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Security Integration w ith

existing

systems

Loss of control

over DATA

Availability Performance Compliance Ability to change

Provider

Cloud Computing: CIO's Concerns

Source: Adapted from CIO Research, 2009

12 / 18

Cloud Computing: Enterprise Customers Concerns

Source: dilbert.com

13 / 18

Towards the Virtual Enterprise

14 / 18

Processes

PeoplePlaces

Things

Human Capital Infrastructure

Collaboration

Rules and Roles

People, Processes, Places and ThingsVirtual Enterprise: a Collection of

Processes that (by means of the 3 domains - People, Places, Things)enable the management of Data, Information and Knowledge

15 / 18

- XXI century enterprise: a "workplace without workers"- Brains stay in their countries, minds cross the oceans- The "social" context of the traditional workers disappeared- Global job-agencies:

– teamlease.com that from India is providing well-educated workers all over the world

– odesk.com that provides all kind of "contractors"

– getacoder.com that helps in finding freelance programmers

– elance.com that "helps businesses hire and manage "in the cloud"

- Young programmers, good knowledge of English language, 300 $ / month - Towards a utopian participation of workers in the new enterprises or towards a dystopian new kind of cyber-slavery?

Working in a post-Turing scenario

16 / 18

IT Services from CAPEX to OPEX

Use ≠ OwnershipUse = Temp. Possession of a Replaceable Good (clone)

Strong Authentication

Cloud TraceabilitySecure Logs: Encrypted + Time-Stamped + Digitally Signed

Data Location,Data Encryption, Data Mining, Users' Profiling,Data Loss & Leaks,Function creep

Decreasing importance of Ownership & Uniqueness of the Owned

Data Clonable at Negligible Costs

De-Perimeterisation: disappearing of boundaries between systems and organisations (firewall ≠ drawbridge)

Cultural imperialism and dealing with diversity

Problem of many handsFour-hands Authorization

Monopoly& lock-in

Risk-management plan(s)Cybe-risk Insurance?

Cloud-brokers!The future of IT Orgs?

17 / 18

IFIP's DCCCDomain Committee on Cloud Computing

IFIP Domain Committee on Cloud Computing1st draft document for the IFIP Board, November 2014

Norberto Patrignani (chair)Dimiter Velev (vice.chair)Lucy Zhang (secretary)

18 / 18

Thank you!