closure process design for conversion of green power to ... · closure process design for...
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Closure process design for conversion of
green power to products of nitric acid
Jiahua ZHU, Jing GE and Sulan XIA
Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Closure process for green-power to nitric acid
• Definition of “closure process” for P2N
• Contributions of P2N expected to sustainable
chemical & renewable power industries
• Competitiveness of P2N by “closure process”
• Feasibility of P2N based on innovative technology
• Summary
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• Definition of “closure process” for P2N
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Overall reactions for NA production:
NH3 + 2O2 → HNO3 + H2O
1 kmol
Air
10 kmol
NH3
HNO3
1 kmol
7.9 kmol
Waste
CO2
emission
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
Fossil fuels
Closure process (CP) for P2N with
Electrolysis: 2H2O → 2H2 + O2
Air separation: Air → N2 + O2
Green NA
from AS
Conventional
process
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• Contributions expected to sustainable
chemical & renewable power industries
A heavy chemical industry sector with 60 Mt/a (100% NA) global production
and 510 kt/a N2O
32.5 Mt/a CO2
Emissions worldwide
P2N expected to play an important role in
reduction of global GHG 158 Mt/a CO2-eq
(N2O has 310 times the Global Warming Potential of CO2 )
and save fossil resource of 30 Mt/a (C-eq)
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• Contributions expected to sustainable
chemical & renewable power industries
P2N is a value added production system adaptable to renewable power supplies
N2 + 3H2
→ 2NH3
NH3 + 2O2 →
HNO3 + H2O
2H2O →
2H2 + O2
Air →
N2 + O2
NH3
storage
ASPEM
N2
NA
NH3 + 2O2 → HNO3 + H2OStrong exothermic
reaction: ΔGo= -17674.4 MJ/t-NH3
Power compensation
net output: W = 833 kWh/t-NH3
W = 833 kWh/t-NH3
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• Competitiveness of P2N by innovative
“CPS”
( NH3+2O2→HNO3+H2O )(N2+3H2 →2NH3 ) &
Gap of 5.2%
• Taking N2 supply for NH3
synthesis, free of cost as by-
product of O2 generation (AS)
• Supplying O2 for NH3 oxidation,
increasing gain from by-
product of H2 generation (PEM)
• Increasing mass conversion efficiency by
stopping tail gas emission
• Increasing energy conversion efficiency by CP
Comparing to conventional tech.,
competitiveness of P2N coming from
W = 833 kWh/t-NH3
: Cost of NA product well in the line of market
Dual benefits to P2A:
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• Feasibility of P2N based on
innovative technologies
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(263K,53MPa) (338K,53MPa)
Isobaric heating
Isentropic expanding
From air separation →
→ back to the air (288K,130kPa)(163K,130kPa)
Δh7=110 kJ/kg
Δh17=85 kJ/kg
Δh18=350 kJ/kg
Multi-stage regenerative thermodynamic cycle
( J.H. Zhu, J. Ge,. J. Li, et al. 2018, Pat. CN 201811478267.6.)
From residual heat recovery,
produce power W = 833 kWh/t-NH3
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Summary
Table 1- Energy analysis for a closure process system of 150 kt/a (20 t/h) P2N
items amount specific weq Win(-) or Wout(+)
kWh
note
H2 from PEM 1040 kg/h 51.5 kWh/kg -53560 SIEMENS
O2 by-product 8330 kg/h / /
O2 from AS 13880 kg/h 0.42 kWh/kg -5830 AIR LIQUIDE
N2 by-product 45696 kg/h / /
Widea,compressor 3200 kWh 0.83 weq/widea -3855
Wcryogenic. -5830 Auxiliary
ΔHidea,expander, 11206 kWh 0.88 Δhidea/weq 9861
Steam, 4MPa 17 t/h 0.267 kWh/kg 4533
Total -54681
Power consumption = 54681/20 = 2734 kWh/t-NA(100%)
Total cost = Power cost = 2734/1000×38 = 104 €/t-NA(100%)
The total cost of P2N is well below the item-cost of NH3
consumed in conventional open process of NA:
NH3 cost = 0.28 (t)×450 (€/t) = 126 €/t-NA(100%)
P2N could be well beneficial
environmentally and economically,
worth to develop commercially.
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