clive pa model user guide - utah department of ......provided in the conceptual site model (csm)...

User Guide for the Clive PA Model

version 1.0

May 2011

Prepared by

Neptune and Company, Inc.

User Guide for the Clive DU PA Model v1.0 29 May 2011

Clive PA Model User Guide.docx ii

This page is intentionally blank, aside from this statement.


Clive PA Model User Guide.docx iii

CONTENTS

FIGURES ....................................................................................................................................... iv

1.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Objectives ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Model Development ...................................................................................................... 1

2.0 Getting Started ....................................................................................................................... 1 2.1 System Requirements .................................................................................................... 2 2.2 Installation of GoldSim and the GoldSim Player .......................................................... 2

2.2.1 Installation on a personal computer running Microsoft Windows .................... 2 2.2.2 Installation on an Apple Macintosh computer .................................................. 2 2.2.3 Installation on computers running Linux .......................................................... 2

2.3 Installation of the Clive DU PA Model ........................................................................ 3

3.0 Running the Model ................................................................................................................. 4 3.1 Control Panel Setup ...................................................................................................... 5

3.1.1 Model Duration ................................................................................................. 6 3.1.2 Disposal Cell Selection ..................................................................................... 6 3.1.3 Inventory Selection ........................................................................................... 6 3.1.4 Exposure/Dose Controls .................................................................................... 8 3.1.5 Simulation Settings ........................................................................................... 9

3.2 Displaying Results ...................................................................................................... 10 3.2.1 Time History graphs ........................................................................................ 11 3.2.2 Outputs of values directly on the results dashboards ...................................... 13 3.2.3 Intermediate Model Results ............................................................................ 13

3.3 Executing Common Scenarios .................................................................................... 14 3.3.1 Selecting Waste Types and Layering .............................................................. 14 3.3.2 Optimizing Simulations for Specific Endpoints of Interest ............................ 14

3.3.2.1 Comparisons to Groundwater Protection Limits .............................. 14 3.3.2.2 Human Exposure Scenarios ............................................................. 14 3.3.2.3 Deep Time Results ........................................................................... 14 3.3.2.4 Comprehensive Simulations ............................................................. 15

3.4 Diagnostics .................................................................................................................. 15

4.0 Error Messages, Alerts, and Warnings ................................................................................. 16 4.1 Messages from the Model ........................................................................................... 16

4.1.1 Waste Requires Layering ................................................................................ 16 4.1.2 Waste Packing Efficiency Warning ................................................................ 17 4.1.3 Run Log Warnings and Error Messages ......................................................... 17

4.2 GoldSim Error Messages ............................................................................................ 17

5.0 Supporting References ......................................................................................................... 19


Clive PA Model User Guide.docx iv

FIGURES

Figure 1. The Clive DU PA Model Welcome Screen ..................................................................... 4 Figure 2. The top level of the Clive DU PA Model ........................................................................ 4 Figure 3. The Control Panel dashboard ........................................................................................... 5 Figure 4. The Waste Layering dashboard ....................................................................................... 7 Figure 5. The GoldSim Monte Carlo Settings ................................................................................. 9 Figure 6. The Dose Results dashboard .......................................................................................... 10 Figure 7. Deterministic time history of dose to a single receptor ................................................. 11 Figure 8. Contributions to dose to a receptor by each radionuclide .............................................. 12 Figure 9. Probabilistic time history of dose to a single receptor ................................................... 13 Figure 12. Control panel configuration for groundwater simulations alone ................................. 15 Figure 13. The Diagnostics Dashboard ......................................................................................... 16


Clive PA Model User Guide.docx 1

1.0 Introduction

This User Guide accompanies the Clive DU PA Model v1.0 computer model (the model).

This radiological performance assessment (PA) computer model, written using the GoldSim systems modeling platform, has been developed to assess the effects of specific proposed disposals of depleted uranium (DU) at the Clive low-level radioactive waste (LLW) disposal facility, operated by EnergySolutions, LLC (EnergySolutions). The model presents calculations useful in comparison to performance objectives specified by the State of Utah, in UAC 313-25-8.(2)(a), and for comparison to groundwater protection limits (GWPLs) identified in the site’s groundwater discharge permit.

The intent of this model is to inform decisions regarding this proposed disposal, considering its possible effects on local groundwater and estimated risk, in terms of radiological dose and uranium toxicity, to human receptors. A complete description of the Model and its purpose is provided in the Conceptual Site Model (CSM) white paper, provided as part of the reference set as Clive DU PA CSM.pdf.

1.1 Objectives

Effects within the first 10,000 years are measured as concentrations of radionuclides from these wastes in groundwater, and estimates of possible radiological doses and uranium toxicity hazards to hypothetical receptors.

Effects beyond 10,000 years until peak activity is reached (at secular equilibrium—about 2.1 million years) are measured as concentrations of radionuclides from these wastes in water of a future lake, and concentrations of radionuclides from these wastes in sediments deposited by future lakes.

1.2 Model Development

The model was developed by Neptune and Company, Inc. (Neptune) for EnergySolutions, with the first version (v1.0) delivered in May 2011. It was developed using the GoldSim probabilistic system modeling platform, developed by GoldSim Technology Group (GTG) of Issaquah, Washington. While the full version of the GoldSim modeling software is required to build and modify the model, full functionality of the model is also available through use of the GoldSim Player, freely downloadable from the GTG web site at http://www.goldsim.com

2.0 Getting Started

It is the intent of the model developers that anyone with access to a personal computer can run the Clive DU PA model, and examine its inner workings. This section covers what is needed to get up and running with the model.



2.1 System Requirements

The GoldSim software is designed to run under the Microsoft Windows operating system, and can run under wither 32- or 64-bit versions of Windows XP, Windows Vista, or Windows 7. A current and more definitive description of the operating constraints under various versions of Windows is available at the GTG website. Running the model in a simple deterministic mode requires modest resources in terms of disk space and random access memory (RAM), but more ambitious runs of perhaps thousands of realizations would be better handled by a computer with a 64-bit version of Windows and at least 4 GB of RAM.

Electronic references supplied with the model are in Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) and as Microsoft Excel workbooks. In order to view these resources, the user will need to have Acrobat or Acrobat Reader installed, as well as Excel or the Excel Viewer. Acrobat Reader is available at http://get.adobe.com/reader/, and the Microsoft Excel Viewer at http://www.microsoft.com/downloads.

2.2 Installation of GoldSim and the GoldSim Player

The installation of GoldSim or the GoldSim Player is straightforward, much like any other contemporary computer software. The installation files for both the licensed version and the free Player are available for download at the GTG web site. Evaluation and academic versions are also available. An install file for the GoldSim Player is also provided on the distribution disc for the convenience of the user, though it is advised to check the GTG web site for more recent service packs or versions. 2.2.1 Installation on a personal computer running Microsoft Windows

After obtaining the installation file, simply run it like any other software installation, and GoldSim will be ready to run. Licensed versions will require license activation with GTG, and the user will be prompted to go through this process upon running GoldSim for the first time. 2.2.2 Installation on an Apple Macintosh computer

GoldSim runs well on Macintosh computers that have been outfitted with virtual machines (VMs) running Windows. One such platform that has been successfully implemented at Neptune is VMWare, but others may also work. See http://www.apple.com/macosx/compatibility/ for compatibility with your Macintosh system. Once VMWare is installed, the Microsoft Windows operating system is to be installed within it, and GoldSim installed within that. 2.2.3 Installation on computers running Linux

Although Neptune has not tested the running of GoldSim on Windows VMs under other Linux or Unix platforms, given our experience with VMWare and Macintosh, we expect that this could work.



2.3 Installation of the Clive DU PA Model

The Clive DU PA Model is provided on the distribution DVD. The disc includes all files needed to run the model, including the model file in full GoldSim form (*.gsm) and as a Player version (*.gsp). After installing GoldSim or the GoldSim Player, the installation of the model is straightforward. In order to run the full model or the player version, create a directory on your computer hard drive where the model will reside. The location of the model on your hard drive(s) can be easily changed at any time, since there is no complex installation procedure for the model. Copy the Clive DU PA Model v1.0.gsm and/or the Clive DU PA Model v1.0.gsp file from the DVD (in the \model directory) to the chosen directory on your hard drive, and run the model or the player version in GoldSim.

The model comes with a collection electronic references—mostly PDF documents and URLs to document sources. To facilitate locating supporting information, the Clive DU PA Model contains links to these references in appropriate locations in the model. In order for the model to find these reference materials from links embedded in the model, the user must also copy the entire \model\references directory from the disc to the directory where the model resides. That is, the model always looks for a directory called \references relative to its installed location.

For example, if you copied the model into a directory named

D:\CliveDU\

then the model will expect to find references here

D:\CliveDU\references\

The reference set includes PDFs of white papers written by Neptune that describe details of the CSM, processes included in the model, statistical techniques used, and model calculations and inputs. While many papers are provided in PDF format, many other are subject to copyright and cannot be provided. These are available, however, from their respective publishers, and links to sources for these papers are provided. In total, nearly 1 GB of information is provided on the DVD, all of it relevant to the Clive DU PA.

A complete list of Neptune white papers is provided at the end of this User Guide, in Table 1.

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3.3 Executing Common Scenarios

Depending on the user’s particular interest, various simulation scenarios may be run, as discussed in this section.

3.3.1 Selecting Waste Types and Layering

The selection of waste types to be included in a simulation is discussed in Section 3.1.3, and is done using the Control Panel dashboard (Figure 3). As shown in Figure 4, the user can also specify where specific waste types are to be layered. In general, arranging wastes deeper in the embankment will reduce their influence on doses, but may increase their groundwater concentrations, and vice versa.

3.3.2 Optimizing Simulations for Specific Endpoints of Interest

If a large number of probabilistic realizations needs to be run, it is often desirable to disable unnecessary calculations to improve computer run time. The scenarios presented below represent the most common methods of streamlining calculations.

3.3.2.1 Comparisons to Groundwater Protection Limits

If one is interested solely in groundwater concentrations, for example to compare to GWPLs, there is no need to run the dose calculations, or even to run the model past 500 yr, the duration of GWPL applicability. Therefore, the Control Panel could be set up as shown in Figure 10: The model duration is set to 500 yr, and dose calculations are turned off.

3.3.2.2 Human Exposure Scenarios

If the user is interested only in evaluating human exposures, the dose calculations should be enabled, and the duration could be limited to only 10,000 yr, so as to save time in not calculating to 2.1 My. The granularity of the dose calculations, described in Section 3.1.4, should be set to the desired value.

3.3.2.3 Deep Time Results

For examining deep time results, the Model duration checkbox should be left unchecked, so that the full 2.1-My simulation is run. The dose calculations should be disabled, as was done for the groundwater calculations.

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are found by selecting Help | Contact Technical Support or Help | Report a Problem from the GoldSim menu.



5.0 Supporting References

A number of references, or “white papers” have been developed as background information supporting the development of the performance assessment model. These are listed below, and are to be found in the \model\references directory on the DVD. If this \references subdirectory is installed in the same directory as the GoldSim model, these reference papers and others referenced from within the model itself will be found through hyperlinks.

Table 1. White papers supporting the Clive DU PA Model

white paper title file name

Model Parameters for the Clive DU PA Clive PA Model Parameters.pdf andClive PA Model Parameters.xls

Features, Events, and Processes for the Clive DU PA Clive DU PA FEP Analysis.pdf

Conceptual Site Model for the Clive DU PA Clive DU PA CSM.pdf

Atmospheric Transport Modeling for the Clive DU PA Atmospheric Modeling.pdf

Biologically-Induced Transport for the Clive DU PA Biological Modeling.pdf

Decision Analysis for the Clive DU PA Decision Analysis.pdf

Deep Time Assessment for the Clive DU PA Deep Time Assessment.pdf

Dose Assessment for the Clive DU PA Dose Assessment.pdf

Embankment Modeling for the Clive DU PA Embankment Modeling.pdf

Erosion Modeling for the Clive DU PA Erosion Modeling.pdf

Geochemical Modeling for the Clive DU PA Geochemical Modeling.pdf

Probability Distribution Development for the Clive DU PA Probability Distributions.pdf

Saturated Zone Modeling for the Clive DU PA Saturated Zone Modeling.pdf

Sensitivity Analysis for the Clive DU PA Sensitivity Analysis.pdf

Unsaturated Zone Modeling for the Clive DU PA Unsaturated Zone Modeling.pdf

Radioactive Waste Inventory for the Clive DU PA Waste Inventory.pdf

clive pa model user guide - utah department of ......provided in the conceptual site model (csm)...

Documents