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Presentation to Portfolio Committee: Status of S&T Cooperation with

Korea and China

Thomas Auf der HeydeDDG: International Cooperation and Resources

23 November 2011

Status of Agreement: Korea

S&T relations formalised through an agreement in 2004Themes covered: energy (nuclear energy), biotechnology, biodiversity,

manufacturing, space S&T, and astronomy

Govt to Govt relations conducted through Joint Committee Meetings (JCM)

The JCM defines, implement and review collaborative projects.

3 JCMs have been held, the 4th scheduled for SA early next year

Institutional collaboration supported by governments i.t.o. seminars, workshops, exchange visits and joint research

Strength of Korea’s S&T system

                                                                                                                                                               

<Table 1-1> Total R&D Expenditure/ R&D Percentage of GDP

Strength of Korea’s S&T system

Trends of total R&D Personnel

Year

Total ResearchersResearch assistants

Other supporting

personsHC  FTE HC  FTE

2005200620072008

335,428365,794421,549436,228

215,345237,599269,409294,440

234,702256,598289,098300,050

179,812199,990221,928236,137

75,17980,07994,31990,021

25,54729,11738,13246,157

Pub. research institutes

30,028 25,640 20,950 18,462 4,750 4,328

Universities 167,789 60,372 82,077 34,773 55,938 29,774

Businesses 238,411 208,428 197,023 182,901 29,333 12,055

Strength of Korean Innovation System

Globally competitive industries: Shipbuilding Display panels Cell phones design and manufacture Automobile design and manufacture Steel and steel products

Strength of Korean S&T System

Science and innovation Communication and broadcast

convergence Phase change memory Display panels and equipment Intelligent transport systems (ITS)

Overview of current initiatives: Korea

HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT Exchange of students for training under space S&T

and astronomy. Promote fellowships and expert missions in the area

of biotechnology. Student and scientific exchanges under hydrogen

and fuel cells. KIST has offered scholarships to and training of SA

students; student researchers based at the CSIR in nanotechnology have taken the offer.

Overview of current initiatives: Korea

HYDROGEN AND FUEL CELLS Catalysts for fuel cell Polymer Electrolyte Membranes

(PEM) Direct methanol fuel cell PEM for high temperature

fuel cell Hydrogen storage

NANOTECHNOLOGY Research on luminescent nanomaterials for

generation of white light with low power consumption.

Overview of current initiatives: Korea

NUCLEAR SCIENCE Research reactors, cyclotrons, pressurized water reactors

and nuclear medicine. Human Capital Development.

Institutions involved: NECSA – SA Fundamental Atomic Research Institute

(SAFARI) Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute High-Flux Advanced Neutron Application Reactor

(HANARO)

Overview of current initiatives: Korea

SPACE & ASTRONOMY Use of facilities for observation time on Korean and SA

telescopes – focus on near earth objects. Involve 3rd partner countries for mutual benefits. Explore additional space geodesy projects for joint

collaboration. Address HCD through recruitment and training of post-

doctoral students. Joint seminars on a bi-annual basis.

Overview of current initiatives: Korea

BIOTECHNOLOGY MOU signed between CSIR and KRIBB A flagship project: New Drug Discovery from Traditional

Medicines focusing on tech transfer & best implementation models

Strategic focus for DST: Korea

Tap into innovation expertise Leverage Korea’s investment in green

technology & Green Economy Strengthen cooperation in nanotech, biotech,

astronomy (strong focus on radioastronomy) Seek partnerships in multi-lateral space

Status of S&T Agreement: China Agreement was signed in 1999. Key themes for cooperation covered: transportation,

mining, environment, geology, metallurgy and information and communication technology, biotechnology, nanotechnology.

More than 50 joint R&D projects have been implemented since the start of the collaboration.

Evolution of China’s S&T system1986: National High Tech R&D Program (863 Prog) to build own capability in high tech industry and in strategic fields such as Biotech, ICT, Agric, New Materials, Manufacturing and Automation.

1997: National 973 Programaimed at concentrating large and decentralizing small R&D activities. provides for Capacity building for S&T industrialization and R&D infrastructure (Torch and Sparkle Programmes.key Technology Program meant for investment in basic research for the West Development.laws on S&T Advancement, on Patents, IP, Tech Diffusion, SMME Promotion in place in the PRC.

2006: Key Technology Programmevertical focus: proteomics, quantum research, nanotechnology and biotechnologyhorizontal focus: energy, water and mineral resources, environmental and recycling technologies, agriculture and forestry, automation, transport, ICT, health, urban planning, public safety and national defense

PRC National S&T program system

National S&T program system

863 Program 973 Program Key Technology Program

Capacity building of R&D infrastructures

Capacity building of S&T industrialization

Three major S&T programs

Two capacity building programs

Strength of China’s S&T system

GERD by source of funds and by sector of performance

Overview of recent activities: China TransportR&D on paving and sustainable development (2005-2008): TUT, Chang’an University and Tongji University.

EnvironmentR&D on drought-tolerant grasses and technologies for restoring degraded arid and semi-arid rangelands: NWU and Lanzhou University.

Council for Geosciences (CGS) has Agreement with China Academy of Geological Sciences on exchange of maps, scientific information.Mintek appointed Gold Yard International Exchange as its agency in China, and sold gold bio-leaching technology to the Laizhou Gold Metallurgy Plant in the Shangdong Province.SABS Testing Division collaborates on rotating machines; rubber and plastics; textiles; electrical motors and cables with China.

Overview of recent initiatives: China

Ongoing collaboration through Southern Africa-China Science, Engineering & Technology and Education Association (SETEA) which has about 400 members

Composed of: Key Funding Members of China-Africa Engineering Association (CAEA) in South Africa established in 1997 in Midrand, SA

Scientists, Engineers and Educators

Under- and Post-graduated Students

8th SETEA Forum planned for October

Overview of recent initiatives: China

DST participated in the Shanghai World Expo in 2010 with the following activities:

A Roundtable Discussion on Innovation, A seminar and evening lecture on “Exploring the

Universe”, with a focus on the SKA, Technical visits to technology and innovation agencies,

as well as the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Seminars on Traditional Medicines, Palaeontology and

Climate Change.

Strategic focus for DST: China

Leverage China’s interest in Africa within the China-Africa Science and Technology Programme (CASTP) under FOCAC

Build partnerships in multi-lateral space (esp. UNFCCC)

Astronomy and radio-astronomy Palaeontology Indigenous Knowledge Advanced Materials Biotech