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Abstract — WCN 2013No: 2037Topic: 36 — Other topicEthanol leads to poor impulse control in a T-maze basedimpulsivity task in rats

M. Saghazadeha,b, A. Mesdaghiniaa. aDepartment of Pharmacology,Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; bInternationalBranch, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Background: Impulsivity often is accompanied by violent acts.Aggressive individuals are likely to experience general difficultieswith impulse control and emotional regulation, and they showimpaired social cognition. Several studies suggest that differentneurochemical mechanisms can influence impulsivity, and thatimpulsive behaviour has no unique neurobiological basis. Alcoholintoxication is often associated with poor decision making, disrup-tive and irrational behaviour.Objective: The present study investigated the effects of acuteadministration of ethanol on tolerance to delay reward in rats. Thusthe possibility that alcohol may shift the choice towards theimmediate reward was examined.Material and methods: After acclimatization, different groups of ratswere given the choice in a T-maze between two magnitudes ofreward: Small (one food pellet) delivered immediately versus large(eight pellets) delivered after programmed delays (15, 30 and 60 s).After training trials different doses of ethanol which was diluted withwater were administered IP in a volume of 5 ml/kg beforeimpulsivity tests. In statistical analysis, the percent of animals thatchose the arm baited with large reward were signified as responseand evaluated compared to the development and sort of trials.Results: Ethanol at a dose of 1.0 g/kg produced a significant decreasein preference for large and delayed reinforcer throughout thesession, although there were marked individual differences in thesize of the effect.Conclusion: These results indicate that ethanol increases preference forthe immediate reinforcer, which can be constructed as evidence of anenhancement in impulsive behaviour and reduction in self control.

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.2264

Abstract — WCN 2013No: 2041Topic: 36 — Other topicAdrenomedullin, calcitonin gene-related peptide and urotensinmay be involved in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (Osas) in acomplex manner

A. Neyala, A.M. Neyalb, R. Anaratc, H. Bozkurtd, M. Bulute, S. Geyikb,A. Akcalib, A. Balatf. aNeurology, Dr. Ersin Arslan State Hospital, Gaziantep,Turkey; bNeurology, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey; cBiochemistry,Baskent University, Adana Hospital, Adana, Turkey; dNeurology, GaziantepMedical Park Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey; eNeurology, Samandagi StateHospital, Antakya, Turkey; fPediatrics, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep,Turkey

Background: Endothelial dysfunction may be an important compo-nent in pathophysiological mechanisms in obstructive sleep apnea(OUA) that is often accompanied by cardiovascular disease, hyper-tension and diabetes mellitus.Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine if OUAcases differ from controls regarding the plasma levels of threevasoactive peptides; adrenomedullin (AM), calcitonin gene-relatedpeptide (CGRP) and urotensin (U-II).Patients and method: We assessed the plasma AM, CGRP and U-IIlevels in 39 OUA and 41 control cases. We evaluated the results

according to the presence and severity of OUA and to theassociated medical conditions. Also, we evaluated if the plasmalevels of these three peptides have an interrelation according toeach other.Results: Thirty out of 39 OUA cases were diagnosed as severe OUA.Mean plasma levels of CGRP and urotensin were significantly lower,whereas AM level was significantly higher in the OUA casesaccording to the plasma levels of the control group (p = 0,005,p = 0,002, p = 0,017, respectively). Only the mean plasma level ofurotensin was significantly lower in severe OUA cases according tomoderate OUA cases' (p = 0.011). The changes in plasma levels ofAM, CGRP, and urotensin were significantly related to each other inOUA group.Conclusions:i) CGRP, AM and urotensin may have an involvement in OUA;ii) significant interrelation of plasma AM, CGRP, and urotensin levelsreveals the complex relationship of vasoactive peptides in thiscondition;iii) if these changes are causes or consequences is a question thatshould be confirmed in future studies.

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.2265

Abstract — WCN 2013No: 1997Topic: 36 — Other topicClinical data packages of drug approval for neurological diseasesin Japan

K. Sakushimaa,b, H. Nakamuraa,c, A. Hashizumea,d. aPharmaceuticalsand Medical Devices Agency, Tokyo, Japan; bDepartment of RegulatoryScience, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo,Japan; cDivision of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Centerof Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan; dDepartment of Neurology,Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan

Background: Many new drugs for neurological diseases have beenapproved in Japan since the foundation of Pharmaceuticals andMedical Devices Agency (PMDA) in 2004. However, it is difficult toplan and conduct clinical trials of neurological diseases becausemany rare and intractable diseases are included in this area.Objective: To describe and analyze the drug review reports ofneurological disease after the foundation of PMDA in 2004.Methods: Drug review reports of neurological diseases from 2004 to2012 were included. Three neurologists evaluated review reportsindependently. Target condition, clinical trial design for efficacy,primary outcome, and whether the drug was designated for orphandrug were abstracted.Results: Forty-four review reports except for three diagnostic usedrugs were evaluated. With regard to target condition, 8 drugs wereapproved for epilepsy, 6 for Parkinson disease, and 5 for spasticity ordystonia. In analysis of pivotal clinical trial design including Japanesefor efficacy, randomized controlled trial (RCT) data was conducted in30 drugs, open-label single-arm trial in 8 drugs. Eight reports out of15 reports with orphan drug designation had RCT data of Japanese.Five drugs were approved based on the public knowledge-basedapplication.Conclusion: Many drugs were approved in various indications andclinical data package depended on the target condition. This analysisis useful and helpful in the drug development in neurologicaldiseases.

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.2266

Abstracts / Journal of the Neurological Sciences e629 (2013) e629–e678 e653