Climate change and

Housing for the 21st Century

Stephen PalmerPlace : architecture

Climate Change

In 2007, the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) reported that global warming is "unequivocal" and very likely (> 90%) to be caused by human activities.

• increase in temperature of 2.5°C by 2100

• sea-levels will rise by 49 cm over the next 100 years

• global climate will continue to change

What if we don’t act now?

UK / EU Policy

• DIRECTIVE 2010/31/EU OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 19 May 2010 on the energy performance of buildings (EPBD)

all buildings to be nZEB by 2020

• Climate Change Act 2008 (CCA)80% reduction in GHG emissions by 2050

UK Zero Carbon Policy‘All new homes from 2016 to mitigate all on-site carbon emissions as a result of regulated energy use’: (and BREEAM / Code for Sustainable Homes)

Scrapped!Where to now?What standards and definitions to adopt?

Zero Carbon Standard

Regulation

Building Regulations 2013Approved Document L1A & B

SAP 2009:

• CO2 target - TER• Fabric energy efficiency - TFEE• Heating & lighting• Control of overheating• Thermal bridging• Air testing – (5m3/(m2.h)@50Pa)

• High efficiency systems (eg district heating, heat pumps)

ZCH options

nZEBnearly Zero Energy Buildings

– how near to zero?

Definitions?:• Primary energy / green house gas emissions?• Energy demand v. renewable energy?• Passive house principles• New / refit standards?

Passivhaus?

• Ready for nZEB 2020• Health & wellbeing• Improved comfort and ventilation• Improved methodology PHPP• Controls the performance gap

(design, build, test) • Reduce fuel poverty

Passivhaus principles• Minimal fabric heat losses. • Passive heat sources; sun, occupants,

appliances and heat from extract air.• Remaining space heating provided only via

supply air.

Low energy design & planning

• Terraces and apartments • Compact, multi-storey• Orientation & glazing• Sustainable drainage• Renewable / community energy systems

• Integrated, sustainable communities• New typologies for changing needs • Lifetime homes and neighbourhoods• Streets and places for people• Adapt / improve existing homes• City Centre / High Street regeneration?

Housing an ageing population

Lords select committee on built environment

• Energiesprong• Enerphit• EuroPHit

Low energy Re-fit

80% of 2050 housing already built

• Making existing homes and neighbourhoods work

• Creating integrated communities

Type-specific solutions:

• Heritage assets• Medium/high rise• Town house• Suburban• City centre

Technology and innovation

A sustainable future for all

Abode, Great KneightonProctor & Matthews / Countryside

Supported housing infill project

• Disused Methodist chapel • Post war suburban estate• Neighbourhood centre• New supported

apartments • Communal / worship

space

High rise re-fit • 1970’s high rise• Resident engagement• Structural strengthening• Re-cladding, windows and

balconies• Gardens and play space• New common rooms• Internal refurbishment• Works in occupation