SECONDARY CLAUSES

They are:- objective- temporal- causal- final- relative- indirect interrogative- conditional

OBJECTIVE CLAUSES

- with the same subject and verbs indicatinglike/dislike: I want to become an architect- with a different subject and verbs indicatinglike/dislike: They would like me to be silent- with verbs of sense: I hear him fall downI saw him going out

TEMPORAL CLAUSES

ON followed by gerund:On arriving home I met my friendWHILE followed by gerund:While reading, I discovered the truthGERUND:Running I hurt my feetAFTER/BEFORE followed by gerund:After studying, I watched TV

CAUSAL CLAUSES

FOR followed gerund:Thank you for coming!SINCE followed by a clause:Since I was tired, I slept long.BECAUSE followed by a clause:I was in bed, because I had a terrible headache.As followed by a clause:As she was lazy, she didn't do a lot.

FINAL CLAUSES

In order to followed by infinite:In order to improve the situation, I left Infinite:To live longer, it's better to eat well.

RELATIVE CLAUSES

Who referred to people: The person who I met this morning, was very nicewhich referred to things: Chocolate which containsless butter, is betterWhose referred to people and things: The pen whosebrand is Biro, is quite oldThat referred to people and things: Leonardo thatlived many years ago, was a genius.

INDIRECT INTERROGATIVE CLAUSES

Who referred to people: I don't know who knocked the door.which referred to things: She asked which film heliked.Whose referred to people and things: She explained whose those shoes were.What: I didn't know what to do.How much: She asked how much the ticket was.Why: I explained why he was released.

CONDITIONAL CLAUSES

If: If I were an artist, I would paint his face.unless: he said he would prosecute me unlessI paid him immediatelyIn case: In case of need apply to.Whether: I don't know whether he will come.Until: I waited until the rain stopped