classification of microorganisms putting bugs in boxes
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Classification of Classification of MicroorganismsMicroorganisms
Putting Bugs in BoxesPutting Bugs in Boxes
TaxonomyTaxonomy
TaxonomyTaxonomy The science of classifying organismsThe science of classifying organisms Provides universal names for Provides universal names for
organismsorganisms Provides a reference for identifying Provides a reference for identifying
organismsorganisms
TaxonomyTaxonomy
Systematics or phylogenySystematics or phylogeny The study of the evolutionary The study of the evolutionary
history of organismshistory of organisms All Species Inventory (2001-2025)All Species Inventory (2001-2025)
To identify all species of life on To identify all species of life on Earth Earth
The Three-Domain The Three-Domain SystemSystem
Table 10.1
The Three-Domain The Three-Domain SystemSystem
Figure 10.1
Endosymbiont TheoryEndosymbiont Theory
Figure 10.3Figure 10.2
Scientific NamesScientific NamesScientific Scientific binomialbinomial
Source of Source of Genus nameGenus name
Source of Source of Specific Specific epithetepithet
Kbebsiella Kbebsiella pneumoniaepneumoniae
Honors Edwin Honors Edwin KlebsKlebs
The diseaseThe disease
Pfiesteria piscicidaPfiesteria piscicida Honors Lois Honors Lois PfiesterPfiester
Disease in fishDisease in fish
Salmonella Salmonella typhimuriumtyphimurium
Honors Daniel Honors Daniel SalmonSalmon
Stupor (typh-) in Stupor (typh-) in mice (muri-)mice (muri-)
Streptococcus Streptococcus pyogenespyogenes
Chains of cells Chains of cells (strepto-)(strepto-)
Forms pus (pyo-)Forms pus (pyo-)
Penicillium Penicillium notatumnotatum
Tuftlike (penicill-)Tuftlike (penicill-) Spores spread in Spores spread in wind (nota)wind (nota)
Trypanosoma cruziTrypanosoma cruzi Corkscrew-like Corkscrew-like (trypano-, borer; (trypano-, borer; soma-body)soma-body)
Honors Oswaldo Honors Oswaldo CruzCruz
Taxonomic HierarchyTaxonomic Hierarchy
Figure 10.5
Species DefinitionSpecies Definition Eukaryotic species:Eukaryotic species:
A group of closely related organisms that breed A group of closely related organisms that breed among themselvesamong themselves
Prokaryotic species:Prokaryotic species: A population of cells with similar characteristicsA population of cells with similar characteristics Clone: Population of cells derived from a single Clone: Population of cells derived from a single
cellcell Strain: Genetically different cells within a cloneStrain: Genetically different cells within a clone
Viral species:Viral species: Population of viruses with similar characteristics Population of viruses with similar characteristics
that occupies a particular ecological nichethat occupies a particular ecological niche
ReferencesReferences
•• • Bergey’s Manual of Bergey’s Manual of Determinative BacteriologyDeterminative Bacteriology•Provides identification schemes Provides identification schemes for identifying bacteria and for identifying bacteria and archaeaarchaea
•Morphology, differential Morphology, differential staining, biochemical testsstaining, biochemical tests
•• • Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bergey’s Manual of Systematic BacteriologyBacteriology•Provides phylogenetic Provides phylogenetic information on bacteria and information on bacteria and archaeaarchaea
•Based on rRNA sequencingBased on rRNA sequencing
•• • Approved Lists of Bacterial Approved Lists of Bacterial NamesNames•Lists species of known Lists species of known prokaryotesprokaryotes
•Based on published articlesBased on published articles
Identification MethodsIdentification Methods Morphological Morphological
characteristics: characteristics: Useful for Useful for identifying identifying eukaryoteseukaryotes
Differential Differential staining: Gram staining: Gram staining, acid-staining, acid-fast stainingfast staining
Biochemical Biochemical tests: tests: Determines Determines presence of presence of bacterial bacterial enzymesenzymes
Figure 10.8
Figure 10.7
Microbiology Lab OrderMicrobiology Lab Order