classification of dam

8/20/2019 Classification of Dam

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CLASSIFICATION OF DAM

BASED ON PURPOSE

1. STORAGE DAM OR IMPOUNDING DAM

2. DETENTION DAM

3. DIVERSION DAM

4. COFFER DAM

5. DEBRIS DAM

1. STORAGE DAM OR IMPOUNDING DAM

It is constrct!" to cr!#t! # r!s!r$oir to stor! %#t!r "rin& '!rio"s %(!n t(!r! is (&! )*o% in t(!

ri$!r +in !,c!ss o) "!-#n" )or ti*is#tion *#t!r "rin& '!rio"s o) *o% )*o% +"!-#n" !,c!!"s )*o%

in t(! ri$!r. /#t!r stor!" in t(! r!s!r$oir is s!" )or irrition0 'o%!r &!n!r#tion0 %#t!r s''*!tc. B sit#*! o'!r#tion0 it c#n #*so s!r$! #s # "!t!ntion "#-.

2. DETENTION DAM

It is 'ri-#ri* constrct!" to t!-'or#ri* "!t#in #** or '#rt o) t(! )*oo" %#t!r in # ri$!r #n" to

&r#"#** r!*!#s! t(! stor!" %#t!r *#t!r #t contro**!" r#t!s so t(#t t(! !ntir! r!&ion on t(!

"o%nstr!#- si"! o) t(! "#- is 'rot!ct!" )ro- 'ossi*! "#-#&! "! to )*oo"s. It -# #*so ! s!"

#s # stor#&! "#-.


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3. DIVERSION DAM

It is constrct!" to "i$!rt '#rt o) or #** t(! %#t!r )ro- # ri$!r into # con"it or # c(#nn!*. For

"i$!rtin& %#t!r )ro- # ri$!r into #n irrition c#n#*0 -ost* # "i$!rsion %!ir is constrct!" #cross

t(! ri$!r.

4. COFFER DAM

It is # t!-'or#r "#- constrct!" to !,c*"! %#t!r )ro- # s'!ci)ic #r!#. It is constrct!" on t(!

s si"! o) t(! sit! %(!r! # "#- is to ! constrct!" so t(#t t(! sit! is "r. In t(is c#s!0 it !(#$!s

*i! # "i$!rsion "#-.

5. DEBRIS DAM

It is constrct!" to c#tc( #n" r!t#in "!ris )*o%in& in # ri$!r.


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BASED ON HYDRAULIC DESIGN

1. OVERFLOW DAM OR OVERFALL DAM

It is constrct!" %it( # cr!st to '!r-it o$!r)*o% o) sr'*s %#t!r t(#t c#nnot ! r!t#in!" in t(!

r!s!r$oir. G!n!r#** "#-s #r! not "!si&n!" #s o$!r)*o% "#-s )or its !ntir! *!n&t(. Di$!rsion %!irs

o) s-#** (!i&(t -# ! "!si&n!" to '!r-it o$!r)*o% o$!r its !ntir! *!n&t(.

2. NON-OVERFLOW DAM

It is constrct!" sc( t(#t %#t!r is not #**o%!" to o$!r)*o% o$!r its cr!st.

In -ost c#s!s0 "#-s #r! so "!si&n!" t(#t '#rt o) its *!n&t( is "!si&n!" #s #n o$!r)*o% "#- +t(is

'#rt is c#**!" t(! s'i**%# %(i*! t(! r!st o) its *!n&t( is "!si&n!" #s # nono$!r)*o% "#-. In so-!

c#s!s0 t(!s! t%o s!ctions #r! not co-in!".

BASED ON MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION

1. RIGID DAM

It is constrct!" %it( ri&i" -#t!ri#* sc( #s ston!0 -#sonr0 concr!t!0 st!!*0 or ti-!r. St!!* "#-s

+st!!* '*#t!s s''ort!" on inc*in!" strts #n" ti-!r "#-s +%oo"!n '*#ns s''ort!" on #

%oo"!n )r#-!%or #r! constrct!" on* )or s-#** (!i&(ts +r#r!*.

2. NON-RIGID DAM (EMBANKMENT DAMS

It is constrct!" %it( nonri&i" -#t!ri#* sc( #s !#rt(0 t#i*in&s0 roc)i** !tc.

• E#rt(!n "#- 6 &r#$!*0 s#n"0 si*t0 c*# !tc

• T#i*in&s "#- 6 %#st! or r!)s! ot#in!" )ro- -in!s

• Roc)i** "#- 6 roc -#t!ri#* s''ortin& # %#t!r ti&(t -#t!ri#* on t(! s )#c!

• Roc)i** co-'osit! "#- 6 Roc)i** on t(! "s si"! #n" !#rt( )i** on t(! s si"!

•

E#rt(!n "#-s #r! 'ro$i"!" %it( # ston! -#sonr or concr!t! o$!r)*o% +s'i**%#s!ction. Sc( "#-s #r! c#**!" co-'osit! "#-s.


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• In so-! c#s!s0 '#rt o) t(! *!n&t( o) t(! "#- is constrct!" #s !#rt( "#- #n" t(! r!st

+!,c*"in& t(! s'i**%# #s # -#sonr "#-. Sc( "#-s #r! c#**!" -#sonr c-

!#rt(!n "#-s.

BASED ON STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR

• GRAVIT7 DAM

• ARC8 DAM

• BUTTRESS DAM

• EMBAN9MENT DAM

GRAVITY DAM

In # &r#$it "#-0 t(! )orc! t(#t (o*"s t(! "#- in '*#c! #inst t(! 's( )ro- t(! %#t!r is E#rt(:s

&r#$it '**in& "o%n on t(! -#ss o) t(! "#-. T(! %#t!r 'r!ss!s *#t!r#** +"o%nstr!#- on t(!

"#-0 t!n"in& to o$!rtrn t(! "#- rot#tin& #ot its to! +# 'oint #t t(! otto- "o%nstr!#- si"!

o) t(! "#-. T(! "#-:s %!i&(t cont!r#cts t(#t )orc!0 t!n"in& to rot#t! t(! "#- t(! ot(!r %#

#ot its to!. T(! "!si&n!r !nsr!s t(#t t(! "#- is (!#$ !no&( t(#t t(! "#-:s %!i&(t %ins t(#t

cont!st. In !n&in!!rin& t!r-s0 t(#t is tr! %(!n!$!r t(! r!s*t#nt o) t(! )orc!s o) &r#$it #ctin& on

t(! "#- #n" %#t!r 'r!ssr! on t(! "#- #cts in # *in! t(#t '#ss!s 'str!#- o) t(! to! o) t(! "#-.

Str#i&(t &r#$it "#- 6 A &r#$it "#- t(#t is str#i&(t in '*#n.

Cr$!" &r#$it '*#n 6 A &r#$it "#- t(#t is cr$!" in '*#n.

Cr$!" &r#$it "#- +Arc( &r#$it "#- 6 It r!sists t(! )orc!s #ctin& on it co-in!" &r#$it

#ction +its o%n %!i&(t #n" #rc( #ction.

So*i" &r#$it "#- 6 Its o" consists o) # so*i" -#ss o) -#sonr or concr!t!

8o**o% &r#$it "#- 6 It (#s (o**o% s'#c!s %it(in its o".

Most &r#$it "#-s #r! str#i&(t so*i" &r#$it "#-s.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallelogram_lawhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallelogram_law


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C!"#$%&% G$')&* D'+,

• /!i&(t (o*"s "#- in '*#c!

• ;ots o) concr!t! +!,'!nsi$!

T(!s! "#-s #r! (!#$ #n" -#ssi$! %#***i! strctr!s o) concr!t! in %(ic( t(! %(o*! %!i&(t

#cts $!rtic#** "o%n%#r"s

As t(! !ntir! *o#" is tr#ns-itt!" on t(! s-#** #r!# o) )on"#tion0 sc( "#-s #r! constrct!" %(!r!rocs #r! co-'!t!nt #n" st#*!.


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• B'$' D'+ is t(! (i&(!st Concr!t! Gr#$it "#- in Asi# #n" t(! s!con" (i&(!st in

t(! %or*".

• B'$' D'+ is #cross ri$!r St*!< in 8i-#c(#* Pr#"!s(

• T(! constrction o) t(is 'ro

t(#n t(r!! ti-!s t(! (!i&(t o) t# Min#r.

• ;!n&t( #t to' 51>.1?- +1@ )!!t %i"t( #t #s! 1=.5- +?25 )!!t0 #n" #t t(! to' is

=.14- +3 )!!t

• B'$' D'+ ), &% )/%,& C!"#$%&% G$')&* 0'+ in Asi# #n" S!con" 8i&(!st in

t(! %or*".


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2. ARCH DAM

It is # cr$!" -#sonr or concr!t! "#-0 con$!, 'str!#-0 %(ic( r!sists t(! )orc!s #ctin& on it

#rc( #ction.

T(! on* #rc( "#- in In"i# 6 I"i "#- +"o*! cr$#tr! in '*#n 6 concr!t! #rc( "#-

A$# D'+,

• Arc( s(#'! &i$!s str!n&t(

• ;!ss -#t!ri#* +c(!#'!r

• N#rro% sit!s

• N!!" stron& #t-!nts


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• T(!s! t'! o) "#-s #r! concr!t! or -#sonr "#-s %(ic( #r! cr$!" or con$!,

'str!#- in '*#n

• T(is s(#'! (!*'s to tr#ns-it t(! -#


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• Goo" )or n#rro%0 roc *oc#tions.

• T(! #r! cr$!" #n" t(! n#tr#* s(#'! o) t(! #rc( (o*"s #c t(! %#t!r in t(! r!s!r$oir.

• Arc( "#-s0 *i! t(! E* At##r D#- in S'#in0 #r! t(in #n" r!ir! *!ss -#t!ri#* t(#n

#n ot(!r t'! o) "#-.


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3. BUTTRESS DAM

It consists o) %#t!r r!t#inin& s*o'in& -!-r#n! or "!c on t(! s %(ic( is s''ort!" # s!ri!s

o) ttr!ss!s. T(!s! ttr!ss!s #r! in t(! )or- o) !#** s'#c!" tri#n&*#r -#sonr or r!in)orc!"

concr!t! %#**s or cont!r)orts. T(! s*o'in& -!-r#n! is s#** # r!in)orc!" concr!t! s*#. In

so-! c#s!s0 t(! s s*# is r!'*#c!" -*ti'*! #rc(!s s''ort!" on ttr!ss!s +-*ti'*! #rc(

ttr!ss "#- or )*#rin& t(! s !"&! o) t(! ttr!ss!s to s'#n t(! "ist#nc! !t%!!n t(!

ttr!ss!s +*(!#" ttr!ss "#- or -#ssi$! (!#" ttr!ss "#-. In &!n!r#*0 t(! strctr#*

!(#$ior o) # ttr!ss "#- is si-i*#r to t(#t o) # &r#$it "#-.

B&&$%,, D'+,

• F#c! is (!*" ' # s!ri!s o) s''orts

• F*#t or cr$!" )#c!


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• Bttr!ss D#- 6 Is # &r#$it "#- r!in)orc!" strctr#* s''orts

• Bttr!ss 6 # s''ort t(#t tr#ns-its # )orc! )ro- # roo) or %#** to #not(!r s''ortin&

strctr!

• T(is t'! o) strctr! c#n ! consi"!r!" !$!n i) t(! )on"#tion rocs #r! *itt*! %!#!r.


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4. EMBANKMENT DAM

It is # nonri&i" "#- %(ic( r!sists t(! )orc!s #ctin& on it its s(!#r str!n&t( #n" to so-! !,t!nt

#*so its o%n %!i&(t +&r#$it. Its strctr#* !(#$ior is in -#n %#s "i))!r!nt )ro- t(#t o) #

&r#$it "#-.

• E#rt( or roc

• /!i&(t r!sists )*o% o) %#t!r

E'$& D'+,

• T(! #r! tr#'!oi"#* in s(#'!.

• E#rt( "#-s #r! constrct!" %(!r! t(! )on"#tion or t(! n"!r*in& -#t!ri#* or rocs

#r! %!# to s''ort t(! -#sonr "#- or %(!r! t(! sit#*! co-'!t!nt rocs #r! #t

&r!#t!r "!'t(.

• E#rt(!n "#-s #r! r!*#ti$!* s-#**!r in (!i&(t #n" ro#" #t t(! #s!.

• T(! #r! -#in* i*t %it( c*#0 s#n" #n" &r#$!*0 (!nc! t(! #r! #*so no%n #s E#rt(

)i** "#- or Roc )i** "#-.


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E-#n-!nt "#-s #r! #*so #r-!" %it( # "!ns!0 %#t!r'roo) cor! t(#t 'r!$!nts %#t!r )ro-

s!!'in& t(ro&( t(! strctr!.

classification of dam

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