classification. memorize this in 50 secs january car heart lungs december van september moon bike...
TRANSCRIPT
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Classification
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Memorize this in 50 secs
• January• Car• Heart• Lungs• December• Van
• September• Moon• Bike• Star• Brain• Sun
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WHY DO WE CLASSIFY ORGANISMS?
• We classify organisms in order to study the diversity of life.
• Biologist use a classification system to name the organism and group them into a logical manner.
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In order to make their job easier, scientists classify living things into groups, based on how they are the same, and how they are different.
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Taxonomy- is the branch of biology concerned with the grouping and naming of organisms.
• What is the name of the animals to the right?
A) Cats
B) Gatos
C) Katzen
D) Felis Catus
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Taxonomy- is the branch of biology concerned with the grouping and naming of organisms.
• What is the name of the animals to the right?
A)CatsB)GatosC)KatzenD)Felis Catus
All of these names are correct, but D is the universal name of these animals.
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What is Classification?
Classification arranges objects, ideas, or information
into groups by finding common
traits or characteristics.
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The Science of Classification
Taxonomy: is the branch of biology concerned with the grouping and naming
of organisms.
Scientist who classify ororganize organisms (animals and plants)
are called taxonomists. Taxonomists study taxonomy.
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The History of Organization
Aristotle 384-322 BCInterested in biological classification.
Patterns in nature.
Carl Linnaeus1707-1778 ACE
Father ofBiological
Classification!
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Aristotle
• Developed the first system of classification.
• He classified all living things into plants and animals.
• Animals were grouped depending on where they lived. (On land, in air or in water)
• Later scientist became convinced that his system did not work because of organisms living in multiple habitats.
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Carolus Linnaeus• Developed the system of
classification that is still used today.
• He selected physical characteristics that led to classification based on close relationships of organisms.
• He used characteristics such as bats having hair and feeding their young milk to classify the organisms.
• The system devised by Linnaeus gives each organism two names called Binomial Nomenclature.
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Binomial Nomenclature
Two-word naming system– Genus
• Noun, Capitalized, Underlined or Italicized
– Specific epithet• Descriptive, Lower Case,
Underlined or Italicized
– Together they are the species name.
• Without the genus name, the specific epithet is meaningless
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Common name: Robin
• Erithacus rubicula
• Turdus migratorus
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Common name: Black and Polar Bear
Ursus americanus
Ursus maritimus
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Engage Activity: Classification
• With the person sitting next to you, take a baggy and classify the items into 2 groups.
• Write down the characteristics for each group.
• Split those groups into 2 groups.• Write down the common characteristics for
those new groups.
Share - compare with the group next to you.
Are your groups: the same, similar or different?
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Groups are also arranged in hierarchical order.
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Hierarchical Classification
Memorize the Classification System Order
• Taxonomic categories– Kingdom (big) King– Phylum Philip– Class Came– Order Over– Family For– Genus Grape– Species (small) Soda
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Engage Activity - Mnemonic
On a sheet of paper, create your own sentence to help you remember the order of
classification.
King Philip Come Over For Grape Soda
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What are Dichotomous Keys?
• a method for determining the identity of something (like the name of a butterfly, a plant, a lichen, or a rock) by going through a series of choices that leads the user to the correct name of the item.
• Dichotomous means "divided in two parts".
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Using a dichotomous keyAt each step of the process of using the key, the user is
given two choices; each alternative leads to another question until the item is identified.
1a. If the leaves are flat….go to question 4. 1b. If the leaves are needle-like….go to question 2.2a. Are the needles in a bunch? Go to question 52b. Are they spread along the branch?“…pine tree
Eventually, when enough questions have been answered, the identity of the tree is revealed.
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Engage Activity –Create your own dichotomous key
Create a dichotomous key to identify 2 people in this classroom, using questions based on gender, hair length/color, glasses (or not), clothing color, etc.
1a. Is this person male? Go to question 2.
1b. Is this person female? Go to question 3.
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New Discoveries
Questions
How can you answer these questions?
Why is Taxonomy Important?
Unknown species discovered.
New fossil Uncovered.
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Exit Ticket
On a half sheet of paper and in your own words, what did I want to you to learn today (give at least 2 things)?
Don’t list the activities…tell me what was the point.