classification and morphology of bacteria.libvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/... · bacterial...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA.libvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/... · Bacterial Identification and Classification Shape -cocci, bacilli, spiral Arrangement -single,](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022043011/5fa4a16c64cd371f5c2fe01c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chair of Medical Biology, Microbiology,
Virology, and Immunology
CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGY
OF BACTERIA.
Lecturer As. Prof. O. Pokryshko
![Page 2: CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA.libvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/... · Bacterial Identification and Classification Shape -cocci, bacilli, spiral Arrangement -single,](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022043011/5fa4a16c64cd371f5c2fe01c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Bergey's Manual
of Determinative Bacteriology – the
"bible" of bacterial taxonomy.
There are such levels of
microorganisms’ organization:
Species – Genus – Family – Class –
Division – Kingdom
Classifications system.
![Page 3: CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA.libvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/... · Bacterial Identification and Classification Shape -cocci, bacilli, spiral Arrangement -single,](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022043011/5fa4a16c64cd371f5c2fe01c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
35 of the major groups of bacteria are
distinguished primarily on morphological
characteristics, namely: cell shapes (rods,
cocci, curved, or filament forming); spore
production; staining reactions; motility.
Other groups are defined based on their
metabolism, or combinations of
morphological and physiological
characteristics.
![Page 4: CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA.libvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/... · Bacterial Identification and Classification Shape -cocci, bacilli, spiral Arrangement -single,](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022043011/5fa4a16c64cd371f5c2fe01c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Some of the Major Groups of Bacteria
in Bergey's Manual
Spirochetes
Very slender rods that are helically
coiled around a central axial filament;
includes the bacteria that cause
syphilis and Lyme disease
Gram-positive
cocci
Bacteria that have a cell wall structure
that results in their staining blue-
purple by the Gram stain procedure
and that are spherical; include the
streptococci and staphylococci
Endospore-forming rods and
cocci
Bacteria that form heat-resistant bodies
called endospores within their cells;
include the bacteria that cause gas
gangrene, botulism, tetanus, and
anthrax
![Page 5: CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA.libvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/... · Bacterial Identification and Classification Shape -cocci, bacilli, spiral Arrangement -single,](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022043011/5fa4a16c64cd371f5c2fe01c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA.libvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/... · Bacterial Identification and Classification Shape -cocci, bacilli, spiral Arrangement -single,](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022043011/5fa4a16c64cd371f5c2fe01c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
� Small, single-celled (unicellular) organisms.
� Procaryotes: “Before nucleus”.
Lack the following structures:
�Nuclear membrane around DNA
�Membrane bound organelles
�Mitochondria
�Chloroplasts
�Golgi apparatus
�Endoplasmic reticulum
�Lysosomes
Bacteria (Sing. Bacterium)
![Page 7: CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA.libvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/... · Bacterial Identification and Classification Shape -cocci, bacilli, spiral Arrangement -single,](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022043011/5fa4a16c64cd371f5c2fe01c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Property Prokaryotic Eukaryotic
1- Size 0.5 - 10µm 5-100µm
2- Cell Wall Present in all bacteria
Except in Mycoplasma
Present in Fungi & Algae
3- Cytoplasmic
Membrane
No Sterol Except in
Mycoplasma
Has sterols
4- Nuclear
Membrane
Absent Present
5- Nucleus Absent Present
6- Chromosome Single chromosom
[not associtred with
protein
More than one
[associated with histone]
7- Mitochondria Absent Present
8- Ribosome Sedimentation coefficient
70S
Sedimentation coefficient
80S
9- Reproduction Asexual (binary fusion) Sexual & Asexual
10- Example Bacteria, Chlamydia,
Rickettsiae
Fungi & Protozoa
![Page 8: CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA.libvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/... · Bacterial Identification and Classification Shape -cocci, bacilli, spiral Arrangement -single,](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022043011/5fa4a16c64cd371f5c2fe01c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Bacterial Identification and
Classification
� Shape - cocci, bacilli, spiral
� Arrangement - single, pairs, chains,
clusters
� Size
� Gram-positive vs. Gram-negative
� Aerobic vs. anaerobic
� Physical/structural characteristics
� Biochemical characteristics
� DNA analysis
![Page 9: CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA.libvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/... · Bacterial Identification and Classification Shape -cocci, bacilli, spiral Arrangement -single,](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022043011/5fa4a16c64cd371f5c2fe01c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Dimension of BacteriaThe Dimension of Bacteria
Relative size of a bacterial cell compared
to other cells including viruses.
![Page 10: CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA.libvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/... · Bacterial Identification and Classification Shape -cocci, bacilli, spiral Arrangement -single,](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022043011/5fa4a16c64cd371f5c2fe01c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Gross morphology of bacteria
� Size - 1 to 10 mm - aids in identification
� Shape
Coccus - round
Bacillus - rod
- Fusiform, coccobacilli
Spirillum - corkscrew
- Flexible, undulating - spirochetes
- Curved - vibrios
![Page 11: CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA.libvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/... · Bacterial Identification and Classification Shape -cocci, bacilli, spiral Arrangement -single,](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022043011/5fa4a16c64cd371f5c2fe01c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Cocci groupings
Coccus
Diplococcus
Streptococcus
Tetrad
Sarcinae
Staphylococcus
![Page 12: CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA.libvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/... · Bacterial Identification and Classification Shape -cocci, bacilli, spiral Arrangement -single,](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022043011/5fa4a16c64cd371f5c2fe01c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Chains of cocci
Streptococcus pyogenes
![Page 13: CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA.libvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/... · Bacterial Identification and Classification Shape -cocci, bacilli, spiral Arrangement -single,](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022043011/5fa4a16c64cd371f5c2fe01c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Clusters of cocci
Staphylococcus aureus Sputum smear
![Page 14: CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA.libvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/... · Bacterial Identification and Classification Shape -cocci, bacilli, spiral Arrangement -single,](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022043011/5fa4a16c64cd371f5c2fe01c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Bacillus shaped bacteria
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Escherichia coli
![Page 15: CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA.libvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/... · Bacterial Identification and Classification Shape -cocci, bacilli, spiral Arrangement -single,](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022043011/5fa4a16c64cd371f5c2fe01c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Bacillus shaped bacteria
Fusobacterium
![Page 16: CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA.libvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/... · Bacterial Identification and Classification Shape -cocci, bacilli, spiral Arrangement -single,](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022043011/5fa4a16c64cd371f5c2fe01c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Bacillus chains
Bacillus anthracis
![Page 17: CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA.libvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/... · Bacterial Identification and Classification Shape -cocci, bacilli, spiral Arrangement -single,](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022043011/5fa4a16c64cd371f5c2fe01c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Palisades arrangement
Corynebacteriumdiphtheriae
![Page 18: CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA.libvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/... · Bacterial Identification and Classification Shape -cocci, bacilli, spiral Arrangement -single,](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022043011/5fa4a16c64cd371f5c2fe01c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Curved bacteria
Vibrio cholerae
Campylobacter
![Page 19: CLASSIFICATION AND MORPHOLOGY OF BACTERIA.libvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/... · Bacterial Identification and Classification Shape -cocci, bacilli, spiral Arrangement -single,](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022043011/5fa4a16c64cd371f5c2fe01c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Curved bacteria
Borrelia burgdorferi
Spirilla