classical civilization : india
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Chapter 3. H.F M.S . Classical civilization : INDIA. Himalayas – “subcontinent” separation from east Asia Monsoons- make or break. Either good for harvest or flooding /drought . Indus river valleys . 3000 to 2500 B.C.E. Harappa & Mohenjo D aro Indoor plumbing - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
CLASSICAL CIVILIZATION : INDIAH.F M.S
Chapter 3
Himalayas – “subcontinent” separation from east Asia
Monsoons- make or break. Either good for harvest or flooding /drought
INDUS RIVER VALLEYS
3000 to 2500 B.C.E.Harappa & Mohenjo DaroIndoor plumbingThe start of well developed cities
ARYANS Vedic & Epic ages- Aryans invaded in 1700-1200 B.C.E Aryan Social classes- warriors, priests, farmers & common
laborers Vedic tradition
Sanskrit: literary epics Vedas: sacred books Mahabharata: greatest epic poem Ramayana: epic dealing with battles
MAURYAN EMPIRE 322 B.C.E. by Chandragupta Maurya, a warrior who
fought off Alexander’s armies and conquered the kingdoms left by him.
Ashoka- Chandragupta son! Even greater ruler! Dharma- the law of moral consequences.
GUPTA EMPIRE 320-550 C.E India's golden age No individual rulers Made decimal system & concept of 0 Buddhism was expanded
ECONOMY & SOCIETY Trade was key to India Firmly agricultural New uses for chemistry & their steel was best in
world Economic units Male dominance over women Caste system
CASTE SYSTEM Assigned people to
occupations Regulated marriages Low-caste had few rights Promoted public order Provided rules people
revolved around Unfair rules Social classes
HINDUISM NO central figure 1st texts are the Upanishads from Vedas Upanishads are basic Hindu beliefs• World soul• Universal spirit• Dharma (ethics, sense of duty) • Karma(actions)• Moksha (salvation) Reincarnation
Shiva
BUDDHISM Prince Siddhartha Gautama, warrior of the Kshatriya
class Unhappy with Hinduism Nirvana Buddha discovered 3 things
There is no individual self, no soul (unlike Hinduism) Pain is a part of life Impermanence, nothing stays the same, you do not reincarnate
MORE ON BUDDHISM 4 noble truths
Life is pain and suffering The cause of pain and suffering is desire Avoiding desire means avoiding pain The way to end suffering is the 8 Fold Path
The eight fold path Accept the 4 Noble Truths Right intention (commitment to mental growth) Right speech (no lying, be honest, say nothing wrong) Right action (do no harm) Right livelihood (your work helps others) Right effort (constant self improvement) Right mindfulness (clear conscience) Right concentration (focus)
COMPARE & CONTRAST
No single founder
Caste system
Religon base on Sacred text
dharma
Reject caste system
Nirvana
4 noble truths
Meditation
Founded by Guatama
Buddhaism Hinduism
Karma
reincar-nation
THE END