The Constitution

The Constitution of Peru is the supreme law of Peru.

The Constitution is the most important legal rule of Peru and its laws are above any other.

It is important to know its contents because, in it, we find the information that serves as the

foundation or base for a State to organize and provide solution to the problems affecting

society.

History of the ConstitutionThe Constitution has changed through the years and the three latest are:

CONSTITUTION YEAR GOVERNMENT VALIDATION10 1933 Luis M. Sanchez Cerro 46 years and 3 months

11 1979 Francisco Morales Bermudez 12 years and 3 months

12 1993 Alberto Fujimori Fujimori current

On April 5, 1992 the President Alberto Fujimori dissolved the Congress with the help of the Military forces. That same year he summoned the Democratic Constituent Congress to draw up the new constitution. It was approved by the Congress of Peru and also by the Peruvian people through the National Referendum on October 31, 1993.

This Constitution was enacted on December 29, 1993 by President Fujimori and the Democratic Constituent Congress. It became effective on January 1, 1994.

B. Body: It consists of 206 articles arranged in six titles, 16 Final and transitory provisions and also 3 Special transitory provisions.

A. Preamble: The Preamble is the one-paragraph introduction to the Constitution.

“The Democratic Constituent Congress

invoking Almighty God, obeying the mandate of the Peruvian people, and remembering the

sacrifice of all the preceding generations of our land, has resolved to enact the following

Constitution:”

C. Appendix: It consists of a declaration.

“THE DEMOCRATIC CONSTITUTIONAL CONGRESS

HEREBY DECLARES that Peru, a country in the Southern Hemisphere, connected to Antarctica by its projecting

coastlines, as well as by ecological factors and historical background; and according to the rights and obligations it enjoys as a consultative party to the Antarctic Treaty, encourages the preservation of Antarctica as a zone of

peace devoted to scientific research, and the enforcement of an international regime that, without impairing the

legitimate rights of our Nation, promotes, in the benefit of all mankind, a rational and equitable development of

Antarctic resources, and ensures the protection and preservation of the ecosystem of that continent.”

Parts of the Constitution

TITLE CHAPTER ARTICLE

I. The Person and SocietyI. Fundamental rights of the person II. 4-29III. Political rights and duties IV. 39-42

II. The State and the Nation

I. The State, The Nation, and The Territory II. 55-57

III. The Economic System

I. General Principles II. 66-69III. Property IV. 74-82V. Currency and Banking VI. 88-89

IV. The Structure Of The State

I. The Legislative Branch II. 103-106III. Lawmaking and Enactment IV. 110-118V. The Cabinet VI. 130-136VII. State Of Exception VIII. 138-149IX. The National Council Of The Magistracy X. 158-160XI. The Office Of The Ombudsman XII. 163-175XIII. The Electoral System XIV. 188-199

V. Constitutional Protections VI. Constitutional Reform 206

Final and transitory provisions (16)Special transitory provisions (3)