clas12 rich frontend electronics
DESCRIPTION
CLAS12 RICH Frontend Electronics. Outlook Requirements Description of MAROC ASIC MAROC Tests and Results Front-End Electronics for RICH Conclusions. M.Turisini (JLab) P. Musico (INFN-Genova) E. Cisbani* (INFN-Roma/ISS). * Speaker. CLAS12 RICH Review, 2013 September 5-6. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
CLAS12 RICH Frontend
Electronics
CLAS12 RICH Frontend
Electronics
M.Turisini (JLab)
P. Musico (INFN-Genova)
E. Cisbani* (INFN-Roma/ISS)
CLAS12 RICH Review, 2013 September 5-6
Outlook
Requirements
Description of MAROC ASIC
MAROC Tests and Results
Front-End Electronics for RICH
Conclusions
* Speaker
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 2
Requirements (for PMT readout)
Time resolution ~1 ns To disentangle direct and reflected photons (can be done off line)
Single photoelectron sensitivity ~50fCNumber of channels per sector 25600Anodes gain spread compensation 1:4Event Rate 20 kHzDead Time few%CLAS12 trigger latency 8 μs
Compactness/ Power consumption Max area 1 m2, max thickness 10 cm, power consumption compatible with air flow heat dissipation Radiation hardness Must operate in the same irradiation level of the MAPMTs
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 3
ASIC choice
•On-the-shelf components (no brand new
development)
•Fulfill the requirements
•Existing expertise in the collaboration VMM1/FermiLab not consolidated , interesting specs
CLARO/INFN early stage, few channels
APV25/CMS not enough latency
DREAM/JLAB CLAS12 Micromegas
MAROC3/LAL ATLAS LuminometerMAROC3 initially used for detector prototypingthen adopted as baseline solution
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 4
MAROC (Multi Anode Read Out Chip)
•240-pin
•16 mm2
Single Channel (x64)
•Preamplifier, configurable (gain 8 bit)
★Fast line: 25 ns shaper + discriminator Binary datum
★Slow line: 100 ns shaper + mem. cell + ADC Analog
charge
★Prompt Sum line: send to one of 8 embedded sum output
channels
Originally designed for ATLAS
PROs: 64 chs, designed for MAPMT, existing expertise, low power
CONs: Analog limited latency, single channel time resolution few ns
Outputs: 1 Analog (MUX), 1 digitalized charge, 64 Binary, 8 prompt analog sums
MAROC2
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 5
In House MAROC based DAQ
Modular design (FrontEnd + Bus + ControlBoard + USB int.)
Original system developed for Medical Imaging with radionuclides
Many optical photons applicationsDesigned for H9500/H8500 PMTs
4096 channels, USB2.0 readoutBinary outputs for self-trigger
Not optimized for
Single Photonand/or
external trigger
Front End Cards
Backplane
Control Board
MAPMT H8500
Scintimammography Detector Head(Italian National Institute of Health)
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 6
Analog Response (Charge info)
Datasheet
Waveforms well reproduced
Bipolar analog signal offers two optimal
sampling delays corresponding to the two
local maxima:
1. positive, largest dynamics, occurs early
2. negative, additional 100 ns to trigger
latency
Dynamic Range Optimized (by ext. bias)
permit to reduce PMT operating HV
1
2
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 7
MAROC Analog Noise
• COMMON NOISE seems to be the largest component
• Reduced or negligible noise with short or no cabling
Common noise suppressed offline
significantly reduce the pedestal RMS
! Noise conditions are site dependent !
Beforesuppression
Aftersuppression
Amplitude [ADC unit]
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 8
MAROC from Analog to BinaryMAROC analog output worked pretty well in RICH prototype
test, but cannot be used in CLAS12 due:
to limited latency (200 ns vs 8 s required) and relatively slow readout
‣ Binary data latency depends on external logic! Feasible
‣ Stability/sensitivity of threshold to single photoelectron? Tested
‣ Noise in MAROC fast (shaper) binary line ? Measured
‣ Readout Speed ? (not an issue) Estimated
C. Cuevas Talk on FPGA boards
Single Photo Electron detection does not strictly need analog readout (e.g. HERMES RICH electronics)
MAROC binary information (64 parallel outputs) can
be a valid alternative
Mirazita Talk on Prototype Test
Nextslides
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 9
Clean SPE identification
with binary data (red)
Single Photo Electron LevelAnalog Timing: First local
maximum
Analog-binary amplitude mismatch due
to not-optimal relative synchronization
between analog and binary outputs
(next slide)
External trigger / Light Source
GAIN = 1
GAIN = 4
The smooth cut observed in the analog
distributions can originate from:
noise (both analog and binary
combined)
binary line provides better information
on single photoelectron and «sees» good
event below analog pedestalAnalog saturated
Binary output behaves as well as analog (or even better)
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 10
Single Photo Electron Level
Charge [ADC unit]
Red: signal in digital line
External trigger / Light Source
Common noise not subtracted
Bin
ary
Line T
hre
shold
(10
0 u
nit ste
p)
An
alo
g-B
inary
rela
tive sy
nch
(25 n
s ste
p)
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 11
MAROC “Binary Noise”
“Normal” condition
Black - #hit/#triggerRed - Derivative
Channel
Noisy conditions (for comparison)
MAPMT 64 Channels
Binary pedestal – Open inputs: No PMT connected
Digital RMS < 1 thr unit (<3mV)
Analog Pedestal RMS 3-5 ADC unit (2-4 mV)
Digital/Analog comparable see next for SNR
Single Channel
Single Channel
Narrow Transition Good!
MEAN
RMS
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 12
Dark Noise and SPE
“sharp” Gaussian cut, no pedestal
raising
hint of better SPE separation than
analog (?)
Self-triggerDark Counts
(SPE)
Charge [ADC unit]
SPE region extends over ~200 thr unit
(compare with Ped_RMS <1)Red: signal in binary line
(likely the fast shaper works in a sort of saturated regime)
Dark rate consistents with MAPMT specsRate not corrected for CPU Busy
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 13
Gain Equalization
Self-trigger capability can be exploited for effective calibration(gain equalization, threshold selection, MAPMT gain compensation)
Dark spectra for two different channels
The small dark count rate (10Hz) is quickly acquired in self trigger mode, while in external trigger would require either a long
acquisition time or an external light source.
Threshold is sligtly under estimated
Threshold is overestimated (or gain must be increased)
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 14
MAROC Front End - Heat dissipation• MAROC power
consumption as small as 3.5 mW/ch
• Current implementation at the level of 0.5 W/card total power for 400 cards is ~200 W
• First thermal test with 8 FE + 1 Controller in sealed container of 20 liters volume – no cooling.
• Two probe points: contact with Front End (FE) and close to the Control Board (CB) – «hottest positions»
• Small temperature increase ~ 1°C/h in running conditions (after initial rump up) ~ 40 °C
Small fresh air flow in electronics housing expected to be enough to keep stable conditions
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 15
Cherenkov Light (BTF Test Aug/2013)
Online display from MAPMT analog spectra with binary response
Small arc of the Cherenkov ring is clearly visible
Preliminary
HV=1040 V
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 16
New MAROC based ASIC boardThe existing electronics not suitable for CLAS12 RICH operation:•not optimized for binary readout,•limited speed through USB-2 interface,•layout requires cabling to connect MAPMT•no time information
Need to implement a new front-end board(reuse large part of existing design)
• Directly connected to MAPMTs (no cables): one MAPMT one MAROC
• 64x parallel binary outputs as main information
• 8x analog sum8 sent to fast amplifiers and discriminator (NINO from CERN/ALICE) for sub-ns timestamp resolution
• 1x analog MUX (or the internally converted digital charge) for calibration (event by event or dedicated runs)
Low Voltage
FromMAPMT
73 outputs lines23 configuration lines (20 shared with other MAROCs)
Few options (not exclusive) open for calibration/stability checks
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 17
DAQ electronics
Modular design with 3 logic/physical layers(similar approach of the existing electronics straightforward
porting)
C. Cuevas Talk on FPGA boards
INFN responsibility JLab responsibility
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 18
Readout Speed and Dead Time Estimation• When a binary channel has a hit the corresponding time is stored
in 13 bits (1 ns resolution and > 8000 ns time range); 6 bits for
addressing
• Each MAROC sum line has 14 bits information (0.5 ns resolution,
same time range); 3 bits for address
• Charge info for one channel, calibration/stability check (12bits
ADC)
• Maximum hit occupancy 10% (exagerated! one order of
magnitude larger than GEANT4 Simulation)
• MAROC multiplexing factor 3 (up to 3 MAROCs share the same
optical link)
• Fast 2.5 Gbps serial link (assume 2 Gbps sustained)
Expected Readout Time (from MAROC to SSP):[( 19 bits x 64 channels + 17 bits x 8 sums ) x 0.1 occupancy + 12 bits ]
x 3 MAROC/board / 2 Gbps
= ~220 ns
or <0.5% dead time at 20 kHz
Time data words can be further compressed in FPGA
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani
MAROC build in CMOS 0.35 m for ATLAS radiation conditions.No surprise expected
19
Requirements fulfillment
Time resolution ~1 ns To disentangle direct and reflected photons (can be done off line)
Single photoelectron sensitivity ~50fCNumber of channels per sector 25600Anodes gain spread compensation 1:4Event Rate 20 kHzDead Time few%CLAS12 trigger latency 8 μs
Compactness/ Power consumption Max area 1 m2, max thickness 10 cm, power compatible with air flow heat dissipation
Radiation hardness Must operate in the same irradiation level of the MAPMTs
Specs, slides 9, 10, 12 ...
Specs, slides 4, 13
Slide 16, 17, 18, Cuevas talk
Slide 16, 18, Cuevas talk
Specs, slide 16
Specs, slide 14
64ch/ASIC adequate
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 20
Alternative / DREAM ASIC
Dead-timeless Readout Electronics Asic for Micromegas
•140-pin •0.4mm package, •17mm x17 mm footprint
Single Channel (x64) - Design for Micromegas @ CLAS12•Preamplifier, adj gain on 4 ranges (60fC,120fC,240fC,1pC)•Shaper, adj peaking time 16 values from 50 ns to 1 μs•Analog memory 512 cells, sampling rate 1-50MHz •Discriminator, trigger pipeline 16 μs , sum of 64
PROs: analog pipeline, designed for JLAB12
CONs: dynamic range (?), time resolutionOutput: Analog MUX and Digital Sum
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 21
PMT DREAM interface
TEST SCHEDULED 2013 October at INFN-FRASCATI
Attenuation board for H8500 with various divider ratio for testing
R&D from Micromegas group
Dead-timeless Readout Electronics Asic for Micromegas
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 22
Conclusions MAROC chip (binary data) represents a valid choice for
RICH readoutLaboratory/Beam tests showed a clean SPE
detection Porting of current MAROC electronics in CLAS12 DAQ
framework expected to be reasonably simple• Time measurement will be the really new aspect
DREAM option left open (till test on PMT coupling
Oct/2013):• Provide multi-sample analog information
• Synergy with current development for microMeGas
• Expected easier maintainance (both HW and SW) Next steps:
• continue analysis of BTF data,
• finalize MAROC test (internal ADC, timing),
• DREAM test,
• design the new front-end board for the RICH and start
testing it.
End End
CLAS12 RICH Review, 2013 September 5-6
24
Components and CostsComponents Cost DetailsCard Type 3
Integrated Circuits Cost (EUR) Quantity Extended CostNotesMAROC 100 3 300NINO 20 3 60Ext. ADC 5 1 5 To be confirmedDelay Line 10 1 10Voltage Regulator 5 15 75DAC 10 3 30
PassivesResistors 0,02 180 3,6Capacitors 0,04 240 9,6Inductors 0,04 15 0,6Misc Hardware 1 30 30Multilayer PCB 40 3 120
ConnectorsSAMTEC TMM-118-03-G-D2 12 24SAMTEC 3 2 6LV Power 2 1 2
Assembling and Test 35 3 105
Total EUR 780,8 USD/EURUSD 1054,08
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 25
Expertise in SiPM readout
SiPM to NINO implementation
22Na SiPM width spectrum (O-scope)
22Na SiPM width spectrum (HPTDC)
Use of NINO chip as a preamp in precise time measurement with SiPM (TOF-PET application)
16 x NINO
HPTDC
(128 channels) P. Musico INFN/Ge
SiPM matrix
Could be extended to SiPM for RICH
More integrated solutions to be considered
NINO : ultra-fast, low power, amplifier and discriminator for TOF (ALICE)
External Light Source Test Setup
26
Externally driven or Self Trigger DAQ
SHAP ADCBUFPA
SHAP DISCFPGA
PC
PMT
TRIGLIGHTBLACK BOX
MAROC3
-HV = 1100 Volt
490 nm ± 40 nm
INFN ELECTRONICS
BNC Model 6010
high density cable
USB 2.0
light guide
Light guide in front of a single PMT
• Assume analog output as reference
• Measure “digital” noise with PMT on, no light (and other configurations)
• Compare/Correlate analog and binary information, with internal (self) and
external (need synch) triggers
• Measure range (in threshold) of the ~single photon signal by threshold
scan to estimate SNR
Front End Electronics - CLAS12 RICH Review – JLab - Sept/2013Turisini – Musico - Cisbani 27
In House MAROC based DAQ
Modular design (FrontEnd + Bus + ControlBoard + USB int.)
Control Board
Backplane
Front End Card
MAPMT Hamamatsu H9500
Original system developed for Radionuclides Medical Imaging
Many optical photons applicationDesigned for H9500/H8500
4096 max channels, USB2 readoutBinary output used for self-trigger
Not optimized for Single Photon and ext. trigger