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Japan Patent JP 5127713

Intelligent SPD Control Apparatus with Scalable Networking Capabilities for Window and Multimedia Applications

English Translation from Japan Patent Office Website

Table of Contents

CLAIMS........................................................................................................................................................1

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.....................................................................................................................11

DRAWINGS................................................................................................................................................14

DETAILED DESCRIPTION.............................................................................................................................23

TECHNICAL FIELD.......................................................................................................................................50

TECHNICAL PROBLEM................................................................................................................................53

MEANS.......................................................................................................................................................54

* NOTICES *

JPO and INPIT are not responsible for any damages caused by the use of this translation.

1.This document has been translated by computer. So the translation may not reflect the original precisely. 2.**** shows the word which can not be translated. 3.In the drawings, any words are not translated.

CLAIMS

(57)[Claim(s)] [Claim 1] One which is two or more controllers and possesses a control means which controls opacity of at least one suspension particle device (SPD), or two controllers or more, Each aforementioned controller possessing a radio receiver-transmitter,

SCSC Japan Patent JP 5127713 Intelligent SPD Control Apparatus

Each aforementioned radio receiver-transmitter which carries out a wireless communication to other at least one radio receiver-transmitter although it is a number smaller than all other aforementioned radios receiver-transmitter of wireless communications, At least one master controller which publishes a command for the aforementioned controller, At least one first controller that does not perform a wireless communication with at least one master controller, A message addressed not to itself but to said first controller is received, and at least one second controller which transmits the aforementioned message to said first controller is provided, A third controller controls two or more SPD, and two or more manual control devices connect with a fourth controller, A system in order to connect said third controller and said fourth controller so that communication is possible, and to control one or the two aforementioned SPD or more, wherein said third controller responds to at least one aforementioned manual control device connected with said fourth controller. [Claim 2] One which is two or more controllers and possesses a control means which controls opacity of at least one suspension particle device (SPD), or two controllers or more, Each aforementioned controller possessing a radio receiver-transmitter, Each aforementioned radio receiver-transmitter which carries out a wireless communication to other at least one radio receiver-transmitter although it is a number smaller than all other aforementioned radios receiver-transmitter of wireless communications, At least one master controller which publishes a command for the aforementioned controller, At least one first controller that does not perform a wireless communication with at least one master controller, A message addressed not to itself but to said first controller is received, and at least one second controller which transmits the aforementioned message to said first controller is provided, The aforementioned controller applies first clock frequency, and in order to maintain the aforementioned SPD on the aforementioned transparency level, it is changed to second clock frequency, until the aforementioned SPD changes to a transparency level of the aforementioned request, A system, wherein transition to said second frequency from said first frequency changes through a series of intermediate frequencies of discontinuity or continuous variable form, without passing through other frequency. [Claim 3] One which is two or more controllers and possesses a control means which controls opacity of at least one suspension particle device (SPD), or two controllers or more, Each aforementioned controller possessing a radio receiver-transmitter, Each aforementioned radio receiver-transmitter which carries out a wireless communication to other at least one radio receiver-transmitter although it is a number smaller than all other aforementioned radios receiver-transmitter of wireless communications, At least one master controller with which even the above publishes a command for two or more controllers, and makes opacity of the aforementioned SPD set it as a specific level, At least one first controller that does not perform a wireless communication with at least one master controller, A message addressed not to itself but to said first controller is received, and at least one second controller which transmits the aforementioned message to said first controller is provided, A manual control device connects with a third controller, and connect said third controller so that


one or two controllers or more, and communications are possible, and said third controller, A system responding to the aforementioned manual control device independently from a command sent from the aforementioned master controller in order to control one or the two individual aforementioned SPD or more. [Claim 4] It is the directions for a system possessing a many controller, One or the two aforementioned controllers or more are provided with a means to control opacity of at least one individual suspension particle device (SPD), Although each aforementioned controller is provided with a radio receiver-transmitter and each aforementioned radio receiver-transmitter is a wireless communication with few numbers than all other radios receiver-transmitter, Perform other at least one radio receiver-transmitter and wireless communication, and at least one master controller publishes a command to the aforementioned controller, At least one first controller does not perform the one aforementioned master controller and wireless communication at least, At least one second controller carries out reception of the message by which the address was carried out to said first controller that is not itself, Transmission processing of the aforementioned message is carried out to said first controller, and each aforementioned controller reacts to manual control information which controls opacity of the individual suspension particle device to differ from instructing with said at least one master controller further, A third controller controls two or more SPD, and two or more manual control devices are connected with a fourth controller, In order to connect said third controller and said fourth controller so that communication is possible, and to control one or the two individual aforementioned SPD or more, said third controller responds to at least one aforementioned manual control device connected with said fourth controller, and is set to an aforementioned method, How having further a step to which voltage which adjusts frequency of impressed electromotive force in a variable range, and drives the aforementioned SPD device is changed. [Claim 5] It is the directions for a system possessing a many controller, One or the two aforementioned controllers or more are provided with a means to control opacity of at least one individual suspension particle device (SPD), Although each aforementioned controller is provided with a radio receiver-transmitter and each aforementioned radio receiver-transmitter is a wireless communication with few numbers than all other radios receiver-transmitter, Perform other at least one radio receiver-transmitter and wireless communication, and at least one master controller publishes a command to the aforementioned controller, At least one first controller does not perform the one aforementioned master controller and wireless communication at least, At least one second controller carries out reception of the message by which the address was carried out to said first controller that is not itself, In an aforementioned method of carrying out transmission processing of the aforementioned message to said first controller, and reacting to manual control information controlled to differ from each aforementioned controller being instructed by said at least one master controller in opacity of the individual suspension particle device further, Frequency of impressed electromotive force in a variable range was adjusted, and it has further a step to which voltage which drives the aforementioned SPD device is changed, The aforementioned controller applies first clock frequency until the aforementioned regulation of frequency changes to a transparency level of the aforementioned request of the


aforementioned SPD, and in order to maintain the aforementioned SPD on the aforementioned transparency level, it consists of making it change to second clock frequency, A method, wherein transition to said second frequency from said first frequency changes through a series of intermediate frequencies of discontinuity or continuous variable form, without passing through other frequency. [Claim 6] It is the directions for a system possessing a many controller, One or the two aforementioned controllers or more are provided with a means to control opacity of at least one individual suspension particle device (SPD), Although each aforementioned controller is provided with a radio receiver-transmitter and each aforementioned radio receiver-transmitter is a wireless communication with few numbers than all other radios receiver-transmitter, Perform other at least one radio receiver-transmitter and wireless communication, and at least one master controller publishes a command to the aforementioned controller, and makes opacity of the aforementioned SPD set it as a specific level. A controller which is the at least first does not perform the one aforementioned master controller and wireless communication at least, A controller which is the at least second carries out reception of the message by which the address was carried out to said first controller that is not itself, and carries out transmission processing of the aforementioned message to said first controller, At least one manual control device connects with a third controller, Said third controller is connected so that one or two controllers or more, and communications are possible, and in order to control opacity of the aforementioned SPD independently from a command sent from the aforementioned master controller, said third controller is connected to one or two or more controllers so that communication is possible, An aforementioned method, A step which will change opacity of SPD of one thing via an electrical signal which has voltage and frequency which are given to the aforementioned SPD if small, A step to which frequency of the aforementioned electrical signal of a variable range adjusts, and voltage is changed, ****** -- a method characterized by things. [Claim 7] In a method of a description in any 1 item of Claim 4 to 6, At least one controller controls two or more SPD, and two or more manual control devices connect with the aforementioned controller, and an aforementioned method, How having further a step responding to one or the two aforementioned manual control devices or more by the aforementioned controller, in order to control the aforementioned SPD. [Claim 8] In a method of a description in any 1 item of inside of claim Claim 4 to 7, How having a step to which the aforementioned opacity of the aforementioned SPD is automatically changed based on time of the day, without needing a message which instructs change from the aforementioned master controller or a manual control device to each controller. [Claim 9] Set to a system. A many controller, One or the two aforementioned controllers or more are provided with a means to control opacity of at least one individual suspension particle device (SPD), Each controller is provided with a network interface,


Each network interface communicates with other at least one network interface, At least one master controller publishes a command for the aforementioned controller, A third controller controls two or more SPD, and two or more manual control devices connect with a fourth controller, In order to connect said third controller and said fourth controller so that communication is possible, and to control one or the two individual aforementioned SPD or more, A system, wherein said third controller responds to at least one aforementioned manual control device connected with said fourth controller. [Claim 10] Set to a system. A many controller, One or the two aforementioned controllers or more are provided with a means to control opacity of at least one individual suspension particle device (SPD), Each controller is provided with a network interface, Each network interface communicates with other at least one network interface, At least one master controller publishes a command for the aforementioned controller, The aforementioned controller applies first clock frequency, and in order to maintain the aforementioned SPD on the aforementioned transparency level, even the above is changed to second clock frequency again, until two or more controllers change to a transparency level of the aforementioned request of the aforementioned SPD, A system, wherein transition to said second frequency from said first frequency changes through a series of intermediate frequencies of discontinuity or continuous variable form, without passing through other frequency. [Claim 11] Set to a system. A many controller, One or the two aforementioned controllers or more are provided with a means to control opacity of at least one individual suspension particle device (SPD), Each controller is provided with a network interface, Each network interface communicates with other at least one network interface, In order to make opacity of the aforementioned SPD set it as a specific level, it has at least one master controller which publishes a message which includes a command in the aforementioned controller, In order that at least one manual control device may connect with a third controller, said third controller may be connected so that one or two controllers or more, and communications are possible, and one or two controllers or more may control the aforementioned SPD, A system responding to the aforementioned manual control device. [Claim 12] In any 1 item of Claim 1 to 3, or the system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, At least one controller is provided with a means to control the aforementioned opacity of at least one suspension particle device, A system reacting to manual control information which controls the aforementioned opacity of the suspension particle device to differ from instructing to said at least one master controller or a master control device further. [Claim 13] In any 1 item of Claim 1 to 3, or the system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, A system, wherein the aforementioned master controller is further provided with a first reference table that provides mapping relation between a desired opacity value and a drive value which


produces an opacity value of the aforementioned request and the aforementioned master controller transmits the aforementioned drive value to a controller. [Claim 14] In any 1 item of Claim 1 to 3, or the system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, A system provided with the aforementioned control of opacity changing regulation of frequency of impressed electromotive force of a variable range, or voltage which drives the aforementioned SPD device. [Claim 15] In any 1 item of Claim 1 to 3, or the system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, A system in order for at least one controller to control two or more SPD, and to connect two or more manual control devices with the aforementioned controller and to control one or the two aforementioned SPD or more, wherein the aforementioned controller responds to at least one manual control device. [Claim 16] In any 1 item of Claim 1 to 3, or the system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, A system, wherein a first reference table that provides mapping relation of Hazama of a command received and a drive which produces various opacity values in each controller which controls opacity of SPD is memorized. [Claim 17] In any 1 item of Claim 1 to 3, or the system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, As for two or more controllers, even the above changes opacity of the aforementioned SPD with an electrical signal for which it has voltage and frequency which are given to the aforementioned SPD, and opacity of the aforementioned SPD is set as specific opacity using fixed combination of voltage and frequency, A system by which even the above is characterized by the ability of two or more controllers to set the aforementioned SPD as the same specific level by choosing different voltage or frequency based on an outside temperature. [Claim 18] In any 1 item of Claim 1 to 3, or the system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, A system by which combination of a light source and a photodetector is used in order [ of the aforementioned SPD ] to determine glass transparency absolutely, and even the above is characterized by adjusting operation parameters automatically in order that two or more controllers may make the aforementioned SPD result to a desired transparency level. [Claim 19] In any 1 item of Claim 1 to 3, or the system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, A system, wherein switching time of the aforementioned SPD is uniformly held irrespective of an outside temperature of the aforementioned SPD. [Claim 20] In any 1 item of Claim 1 to 3, or the system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, A system characterized by stopping an electric power generating circuit network in some cycles per second in order to maintain transparency of the aforementioned SPD on a specific level in low power consumption rather than operating the aforementioned SPD continuously. [Claim 21] In any 1 item of Claim 1 to 3, or the system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, Since each SPD forms one pixel in a lot of pixels and each pixel can be individually set as any opacity levels, A system, wherein each controller operates one or two SPD or more by which the


whole is arranged at arrangement. [Claim 22] In the system according to claim 21, The aforementioned master controller is provided with a means to input a text message from an input device or an external system, The aforementioned text message has a first character and a second character, and each character, Are what has the form of 1, and it is formed of combination of some SPD which forms two or more pixels, and the aforementioned master controller, In order to form form of said first character, to one or two controllers or more, A system transmitting a command which sets an opacity level of two or more SPD which forms one SPD or two or more pixels which form one pixel which one or these two controllers or more control as a dark or bright state. [Claim 23] In the system according to claim 22, The aforementioned SPD arrangement is provided with two or more lines and sequences, The aforementioned master controller transmits periodically to two or more controllers, and even the above a command this command, Even the above that controls the aforementioned SPD which forms two or more pixels in each sequence for or two or more controllers, An opacity level of the aforementioned SPD which forms two or more pixels in a sequence which is placed at right-hand side, It is a thing which a sequence which is placed at adjoining left-hand side is made to reproduce to the aforementioned SPD which forms a pixel, Therefore, it is made a situation which the aforementioned text message scrolls to the left, and in order to form form of the next sequence of the aforementioned SPD which forms two or more pixels of the present or an adjoining character of the aforementioned text message, the new sequence of SPD which forms a pixel in a rightmost sequence is buried, Or the aforementioned master controller transmits periodically to the above 1 or two controllers, and a command this command, Even the above that controls the aforementioned SPD which forms two or more pixels in each sequence for or two or more controllers, An opacity level of the aforementioned SPD which forms two or more pixels in a sequence which is placed at left-hand side, It is a thing which a sequence which is placed at adjoining right-hand side is made to reproduce to the aforementioned SPD which forms a pixel, Therefore, it is made a situation which the aforementioned text message scrolls to the right, and in order to form form of the next sequence of the aforementioned SPD which forms two or more pixels of the present or an adjoining character of the aforementioned text message, the new sequence of SPD which forms a pixel in a leftmost sequence is buried, Or the aforementioned master controller transmits periodically to the above 1 or two controllers, and a command this command, Even the above that controls the aforementioned SPD which forms two or more pixels in each line for or two or more controllers, An opacity level of the aforementioned SPD which forms two or more pixels in a sequence which is placed at the upper part, It is a thing which a sequence which is placed at the adjoining bottom is made to reproduce to the aforementioned SPD which forms a pixel, Therefore, it is made a situation which the aforementioned text message scrolls downward, and in order to form form of the next line of the aforementioned SPD which forms two or more pixels of the top line of the aforementioned text message, or an adjoining line, it fills in the new line of SPD which forms a pixel in the aforementioned best sequence, Or the aforementioned master controller transmits periodically to the above 1 or two controllers, and a command this command, Even the above that controls the aforementioned SPD which


forms two or more pixels in each line for or two or more controllers, An opacity level of the aforementioned SPD which forms two or more pixels in a sequence which is placed at the bottom, It is a thing which a sequence which is placed at the adjoining upper part is made to reproduce to the aforementioned SPD which forms a pixel, Therefore, it is made a situation which the aforementioned text message scrolls upwards, A system filling in the new line of SPD which forms a pixel in the aforementioned lowest row in order to form form of the next line of the aforementioned SPD which forms two or more pixels of a lowermost row of the aforementioned text message, or an adjoining line. [Claim 24] In the system according to claim 23, It functions as the aforementioned master controller receiving a digital image which consists of two or more pixels from an input device or an external system, Each pixel of the aforementioned image has the strength which changes from a dark condition to bright state, The aforementioned master controller transmits to two or more controllers, and even the above that controls the aforementioned SPD arrangement a command this command, In order to fit an opacity level therefore defined strongly and said relative pixel positions of two or more aforementioned pixels in the received aforementioned digital image, A system being said thing which forms two or more pixels in the aforementioned SPD arrangement, and to which an opacity level of SPD of one thing is made to set when small. [Claim 25] In the system according to claim 24, It functions as the aforementioned master controller inputting and memorizing two or more sets of digital image data from an input device or an outside device which consists of pixel strength in two or more pixel positions and each pixel positions, Then, the aforementioned master controller transmits to two or more controllers, and even the above that controls the aforementioned SPD arrangement a command this command, In order to fit relative pixel positions, opacity of two or more aforementioned pixels is made to set up, and the aforementioned SPD which forms a pixel is made to set it as opacity equivalent to strength of the aforementioned pixel in a set of the memorized aforementioned digital image data. A system characterized by making the same process repeat in each class of a digital image so that this command may make the aforementioned SPD arrangement reproduce a series of digital images covering at least one SPD arrangement which forms two or more pixels. [Claim 26] In any 1 item of Claim 1 to 3, or the device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, A command which specifies setting out of one SPD as specific opacity is included in a command published by the aforementioned master controller. [Claim 27] In any 1 item of Claim 1 to 3, or the system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, One or two controllers or more change opacity of the aforementioned SPD based on a solar position and an angle of the present when a solar light strikes upon this SPD, A system, wherein a position and an angle of the aforementioned sun are determined based on a physical direction of this SPD, a position of this SPD, the present current day, and combination with current time. [Claim 28] In any 1 item of Claim 1 to 3, or the system according to any one of claims 9 to 11,


A system, wherein the aforementioned master controller is a data processing system which cannot control operation of an SPD window directly with an electrical signal. [Claim 29] In the system according to claim 28, A system even if the first aforementioned master controller stops functioning, wherein a redundant master controller which can substitute for the aforementioned master controller exists. [Claim 30] In any 1 item of Claim 1 to 3, or the system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, A system, wherein the aforementioned master controller can turn into every SPD window controller temporarily or eternally. [Claim 31] In any 1 item of Claim 1 to 3, or the system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, The aforementioned master controller is connected with an external system via a circuit which can communicate in one way or both directions, A system concerning HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) control, lighting control, housing safety, or building safety for commerce in the aforementioned external system, Or an external system of others which can specify opacity of the aforementioned SPD and can transmit information to the aforementioned master controller is contained, A system, wherein even the above sends a command to two controllers and the aforementioned master controller sets up opacity of the aforementioned SPD. [Claim 32] In the system according to claim 31, A system, wherein the aforementioned communication is performed by a cable or radio. [Claim 33] In the system according to claim 31, The aforementioned master controller transmits information to the aforementioned external system, and the aforementioned external system transmits information to the aforementioned master controller, A system, wherein those transmission is transmitted by a data format formatted by XML, ASCII, or UNICODE or communication line which uses those data sequences. [Claim 34] In any 1 item of Claim 1 to 3, or the system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, Two or more controllers even the above An object for habitation, or a window of a building for commerce, A system operating a window of a window of an airplane, a passenger car, a track, SUV, a van, a bus, a taxi or a window of a similar vehicle, a train, a streetcar, a linear motor car, a monorail, a ski lift, an atmospheric pressure railroad, or a trolley car, or a window of a marine marine vessel. [Claim 35] In any 1 item of 3, the one according to any one of claims 9 to 11, or two controllers or more from Claim 1, A system including one or more digital inputs, or the analogs/digital interfaces connected to a digital sensor in order that a controller of 1 may read an input from one or more sensors. [Claim 36] In one or the two controllers or more according to claim 35, A system characterized by two or more controllers interpreting an input from the aforementioned sensor even in the above so that even the above may affect the aforementioned light


transmittance level of one or two SPD windows or more by which direct continuation was carried out to two or more controllers. [Claim 37] In one according to claim 35 or two or more controllers, An input from the aforementioned sensor is read by two or more controllers, and even the above Which SPD window, two or more of which SPD windows, Or in order to judge a light transmittance level of a block of which SPD window should be changed, it is transmitted to the aforementioned master controller, A system, wherein even the suitable above in which the aforementioned master controller controls the aforementioned SPD window to which a light transmittance level should be changed transmits a message to two or more controllers. [Claim 38] In one or the two controllers or more according to claim 35, Detection of a capacity factor of a room in which, as for the aforementioned sensor, detection of strength of sunlight, rain detection, and the aforementioned SPD window are installed, Heat and smoke -, or detection of fire, [ of a room where detection of glass breakage, detection of vibration of glass, and even the above have two or more controllers ] A system, wherein detection of the geographical direction of detection of a geographic point of detection of room temperature, detection of outdoor temperature, detection of solar-heat radiation, one, or two SPD windows or more, one, or two SPD windows or more is possible. [Claim 39] In any 1 item of Claim 1 to 3, or the system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, A system, wherein one or two controllers or more communicate with one or two remote input devices or more which transmit a command to the aforementioned controller in order to change the aforementioned transparency of one or the two aforementioned windows or more by which direct continuation was carried out. [Claim 40] In the system according to claim 39, A system, wherein the aforementioned communication is performed by a cable or radio. [Claim 41] In the system according to claim 39, A system, wherein the aforementioned remote input device is an input device built into a portable device and a wall, or a touch panel. [Claim 42] In any 1 item of Claim 1 to 3, or the system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, A system, wherein one or two controllers or more communicate with one or two remote input devices or more which can transmit setup information for setting up operation parameters of the aforementioned controller to the aforementioned controller. [Claim 43] In the system according to claim 42, A system, wherein the aforementioned communication operates by a cable or radio. [Claim 44] In the system according to claim 42, A system, wherein the aforementioned remote input device is an input device built into a portable device and a wall, or a touch panel. [Claim 45] In one or the two controllers or more according to claim 37,


A system the aforementioned sensor's being able to measure a luminosity of sunlight and being able to set the aforementioned SPD as opacity according to a luminosity of sunlight measured [ aforementioned ]. [Claim 46] In the system according to claim 1 or 3, A system, wherein said third controller is said second controller, the aforementioned master controller, or said at least one controller. [Claim 47] In the system according to claim 1, Said third controller Said second controller, the aforementioned master controller, Or are said first controller and said fourth controller, A system being said second controller, the aforementioned master controller, or said first controller, and being a controller by which said fourth controller always differs in said third controller.

[Translation done.]

* NOTICES *



DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[Brief Description of the Drawings] [0099] The present invention is described about the figures in some Drawings below. [Drawing 1] Fig.1 is a figure showing the SPD window controller under the hand regulation from one outside device. [Drawing 2] Fig.2 is the controller of Fig.1 by which the photo cell or other photosensors for detecting the luminosity of the sunlight irradiated to the window under control were added. [Drawing 3] Fig.3 is the "intelligent controller" generated by incorporating the microprocessor which performs not only "extended type network" operation of a controller but the function in which many supporting the capability of the controller refined more differ. The additional input from a sensor extends the data which may be used in order that an "extended type controller"


may determine. [Drawing 4] Fig.4 shows an "intelligent controller" provided with two or more manual input under direct control of the controller set up by the user using the setup procedure in the control software which crawled on one again and is connected with the window frame of shoes. At once, one single manual input may control one window or two, three, or four windows as if it was like a portion of one SPD glass. In order that one or more manual input may support the manual control which operates from the point from which the same room differs, it may be used for controlling the group of the same glass. [Drawing 5]four window frames [ in / in Fig.5 / this example ] differ -- combine -- and the set of an individual frame -- which -- combine -- the setting method of the software with which it permits it being alike, and it also being related and treating as one glass frame is shown. [Drawing 6] Fig.6 shows one of the earliest packet switching or mesh networks in which the data which may be transmitted along with the alternate path which passes along an intermediate node is contained, in order to reach the purpose point. This is an example of 4 node type ARPANET in 1969.He is a forerunner of today's Internet.A host computer transmits data to other host computers in this network, Although it is not the purpose point, service of the "interface message processor" (IMP) which transmits a data packet to the desired purpose host to other IMPs (plurality) which will relay the packet in the direction of IMP by which direct continuation was carried out further is used. [Drawing 7] Fig.7 shows the packet-switching mesh network in which the specific processing application operates on the same computer by which packet switching software by the combination of the host and IMP function in the early ARPANET system is performed and which progressed further. On the single plat form, the improvement in microprocessor capability enabled combination of these functions. Wherever it may be [ of the country ] placed instead of one city exactly about the radio calling (pager) system of the isolated "city scale", in order to convert this to the nationwide network which can alarm to someone, It is an example of the "radio calling network" application which uses the DLH protocol created by the inventor. "ARPANET" and the "Internet" use a formal routing protocol standard like RIP, in order to maintain the best route list to the destination dynamically in each node. DLH uses the routing protocol of original specification, in order to maintain Liszt of main routes and an alternate route. It took to the "wireless paging industrial standard TNPP protocol" which helped for that inventor to create the DLH network of that original specification after all, it was replaced, and the industrial committee where that inventor became the chairperson has promoted use of this protocol between things for 11 years or more. The TNPP protocol was used with the original specification routing protocol peculiar to a manufacturer, in order to maintain the best path and alternate path to each objective node. [Drawing 8] Fig.8 shows the "extended type controller" network which comprises an "intelligence controller" of the Fig.3 united with the radio receiver-transmitter which transmits a data packet to other transmitter-receivers with which the "extended type controller" node was equipped.The routing data similar to the Internet REP maintains the list of the best next nodes for


receiving the data on the path to an objective node in an each "controller" node. Unlike the network of Fig.6 and the cable of 7, the radio network of Fig.8 may receive sometimes appropriately the data by which the address was carried out to a node which is different rather than the received data.In this case, that received data is disregarded by the node which is not the following node which was along the optimal path to the purpose point, or is thrown away. [Drawing 9] Fig.9 shows an example of the network of Fig.8 with which the "building control point" is connected to one of the network nodes.The BCP is a data-processing site for determining the portion of the building automatically set as specific opacity also in when of day and night. ** of "data-processing" system connected to the remote central monitoring service which supervises operation of an "SPD building skin C-system" instead of the Internet and many building owners arbitrarily is also good. [Drawing 10]Since it will secure that all the systems continue operation normally even if first BCP may stop functioning, Fig.10 shows an example of the redundancy "building control point (BCP)" supported in a network. [Drawing 11] Fig.11 shows whether a different region like a building throat includes the "hierarchical control point" of a different type for supervising operation of the "extended type controller" in a portion with a building. [Drawing 12] Fig.12 is "hierarchical" mapping of a "control point."It is shown how it distributes to a "control point" of a lower level logically rather than a command most generated in a "control point" of an upper level has set to a lower level layer level further logically and distributes the command to many elements increasingly.

[Drawing 13] Fig.13 shows a "building control point" interface provided with "the intelligent energy C-system (IECS)" through an XML interface. [Drawing 14]A way changes how as the sun which crosses empty, and Fig.14 shows how the sunlight of a day pours into the window of a building. Since the earth revolves the surroundings of the sun around the sun, a way changes little by little on one year of each day as the sun. To every latitude and longitude on a planet, the way is well known as crossed. [Drawing 15] Fig.15 shows five controllers which control 24 window frames, respectively. [Drawing 16] Fig.16 shows the character "E" formed in the pixel arrangement of seven lines which has a boundary, and five rows. [Drawing 17] Fig.17 shows a light effect which is different only severalpercent from the next window frame in each window frame. [Drawing 18] Fig.18 shows the controller which transmits a command to the decoder which transmits two or more commands to two or more windows one by one. [Drawing 19] Fig.19 shows two "the extended type controllers (SC)" which comprises an "intelligent controller" of the Fig.1 united with the LAN interface so that a packet could be transmitted to "the master control point (MCP)" on LAN. [Drawing 20] Fig.20 shows the "bridge" which may be taken in in order to add another LAN segments for expanding LAN size, when LAN has reached the maximum capability for cable length.


[Drawing 21] Fig.21 shows how to expand the size of a local network further, when LAN segments and the bridge, or the number of arrangement of a repeater has reached the maximum. [Drawing 22] Fig.22 shows the logical connection which forms the class of a control point, in order to reduce the communication load to the point from the point in MCP which transmits a command to all the SCs in a building. [Drawing 23] Fig.23 shows how the "master control point" which supplies central-control intelligence to all the individual windows in one building can connect with outside "intelligent energy C-system" via an XML link. The external system can change operation, when the place where the window changed is got to know. An external system may receive a sensor input via MCP, and in order to change setting out of some windows or all the windows by Shimo of the control, it may take out a command to MCP. When an external system begins to transmit suitable control commands on IECS create [ a better algorithm ], MCP has a choice which changes operation of a window by Shimo of the IECS command. [Drawing 24] Fig.24 shows the main blocks which constitute an "extended type controller." [Drawing 25] Fig.25 shows one of the typical three-dimensional tables of the data programmed in a controller in order to operate a controller. Such a table provides the information on the correlation of three variables which control operation of the glass of an SPD base together.

DRAWINGS

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* NOTICES *




DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of the Invention] [0001] (Cross-reference of related application) The claim of this application, American patent application serial numbers 60/596, 198 which were filed on September 8, 2005 of the Title of invention "the extended type system which comprises equipment which makes a single SPD device control such two or more devices that are brought into a wireless mesh packet switch network, and operate", "SPD glass. American patent application serial numbers 60/721 filed on September 28, 2005 of the Title of invention the multimedia video display-oriented electronic controller and radio network" to be used, 731, and the window which uses "SPD as a base. It has American patent application serial numbers 60/597 filed on November 14, 2005 of the Title of invention extended type system [ for controlling the solar heat in the object for habitation and the building for commerce to be used ]", and a preference of 162, Let each U.S. patent application be Reference documents here for all the purposes. [Background of the Invention] [0002] (The background of invention) The light bulb has been used in order to carry out light modulation over 60 years or more. The light bulb used here is formed with two walls which only a slight distance left, at least one wall is transparent and two walls are defined as a cell in which the electrode of the usually transparent conductive film appears. An optical modulator may be contained in the cell ("activable die materials" may be called below here), and they may be plastic films in which the droplet of the particles of suspension or suspension particles is distributed. [0003] This suspension (a "liquid light bulb suspension" or a "light bulb suspension" may be called hereafter.) has the particles of the small anisotropic configuration dispersed in the liquid suspension medium. In the state where electric field are not applied, according to the structure of a cell, the property of particles and an aggregation, and the amount of luminous energies, it is reflected, and the light which was conjectured that the particles in suspension exist in a random position by Brownian motion, for this reason entered into the cell is transmitted or absorbed. [0004] For this reason, in an OFF state, a light bulb is comparatively dark. However, if electric field are applied via the liquid light bulb suspension in a light bulb, particles come to be aligned and almost all lights can transmit the cell for many suspensions. Thus, in the case of an ON state, a light bulb becomes comparatively transparent. In the case of the ON state, the light bulb of the type described here is well known also as a "suspension particle device" or "SPD (plurality)." More generally the word "suspension particle device" has pointed out which device which has a suspension particle which aligns so that light may transmit the device, when electric field are applied as used here. [0005]


The use very in many uses containing the window, skylight, and sunroof in which a light bulb controls a window, a skylight and the light volume to which a sunroof is transmitted, or the light volume reflected from them depending on the case has been proposed. Although the word "light" currently used here has generally pointed out the electric field radiation which can be recognized visually, it is not limited to "light" applicable here and them, but can include other types of electric field radiation like infrared radiation and ultraviolet radiation. [0006] SPD is laminated between two pairs of glass, or a plastic, and serves as those internal layers. Such a combination is sometimes called an "SPD-film." [0007] Now, such SPD (plurality) is being included in glass so that the light volume which transmits glass based on the characteristic of the electrical and electric equipment which passes along glass may be controlled minutely. At least one control method by which such glass and the opacity of this glass, or the degree of light transmission may be controlled, It describes in the Malvino United States patent numbers 6, 897, and 997 (Patent document 1) currently called as a Malvino patent, and 6, 804 and 040 (Patent document 2) collectively. However, a device assumed by Malvino is fit for controlling manually a window of a small number which is together with a device.On the other hand, for example there is not only no extendibility, but An automobile, a marine marine vessel, a train, Or intelligence which automated for controlling actively and dynamically environment of a window of environment of a window more numerous than some windows on an airplane and an object for habitation provided with an SPD window mentioned above, a building for commerce, or a skyscraper is not provided, either.

[0008] A Malvino patent provides the basic theory which drives SPD glass by the change of potential in the specific frequency which tends to be made dark, in order to interrupt almost all the lights that make glass familiar with a transparent direction, or transmit glass. This device can map the nonlinearity of SPD to the value of the linearity range considered to set up glass to 100% from about 0%. Probably this linearity range is divided into a series of discontinuous small setting out corresponding to six different opacity levels, the combination of six specific resistance and capacitors is included in an embodiment, and in order to set up the suitable voltage corresponding to the related degree of coloring, that linearity range is chosen manually. In order that it may change the light volume permitted directly through this enforcement that linearity manual control means, such as a slide switch or a revolving dial, transmit glass always, it may be added to a Malvino controller. [0009] The Malvino patent is examining how to use some specific frequency which drives an SPD device. The tendency to have a somewhat low energy use curve has the drive of the device in low frequency about Power needed since an SPD device is driven as it describes in the Malvino patent. It argued about the frequency in the range of 15 to 60 Hz. When it drives for the SPD controller mentioned above on such frequency, there is a serious potential problem in it. When a controller drives on the specific frequency within the limits of it, an SPD device will act as "Synge" and may be heard as a tone of B flat range. Generally, the window controlled by SPD is a form of the transparent miler (trademark) to whom the SPD emulation was applied, and comprises SPD die materials in the state where it was inserted into the glass of two sheets.


Fundamentally, with the glass of both sides, an SPD device sets space, is held, and is inserted with the glass. When 50/60 Hertz current flows between the inserted SPD materials, people who are near the window as a ham which in a certain case a miler (trademark) sympathizes with drive frequency, begins to vibrate, and gets annoyed may hear it. [Description of the Invention] [Problem to be solved by the invention] [0010] The important problem in large-scale global deployment of an SPD window (plurality) is how to wire in the object for habitation, and the building for commerce, in order that a certain "central intelligence" may operate each window (plurality). There is no concept which wires a window from a certain control room in a building today. Since ****** called what 1000 probably needs to understand and study a demand required for wiring of a new building, when adopting SPD glass all over the world, it is not preferable to introduce the new demand to wiring of a building. in order "to wire" "central intelligence" in each window for the moment -- what kind of -- others -- though technology is adopted, in order not to forbid use of SPD glass, or there is [ whether it is or ] nothing -- ** -- training of a degree [ from ] -- and it must be comparatively at low lost. [Patent document 1] United States patent 6th, No. 897 or 997 [Patent document 2] United States patent 6th, No. 804 or 040 [Means for solving problem] [0011] (Outline of invention) Since the present invention absorbs or reflects sunlight by the method that the energy expenditure of a structure is reduced dramatically, It is related with the equipment relevant to the mesh networking software arranged and installed in the large-scale for controlling dynamically "skin (skin)" of the object for habitation, and the building for commerce all day long in which wireless is possible. To the individual device which controls one or the window beyond it, By granting a permission, operating as relay points which transmit a control signal to the individual controller or controller group which will bring about a desired change from the intelligent control point in a "building skin C-system", Integration of a mesh network reduces the cost which develops such control. Since the present invention absorbs or reflects sunlight by the method that the energy expenditure of a structure is reduced dramatically, further, In order to control dynamically the glass window of the object for habitation, and the building for commerce all day long, it is related with the network relevant to a control device and "suspension particle device" "suspension particle device" control device which arrange on a large scale and are installed. Use of the hierarchical distributed system which covers LAN or WAN, Time to transmit the command for setting each window to a specific opacity level to all the window controllers in a structure from a central intelligence point, i.e., a "master building control point", is reduced. [0012] The device described here corrects a "singing (singing)" problem by providing the option which drives an SPD device in the variable frequency in the low frequency range rather than single specific frequency. Instead of using the SPD drive frequency which changes continuously arbitrarily, in 1 second, some cycles may be dropped at random or a "controller" may carry out a phase shift. The "ringing effect" will be removed although this change/shift are not sufficient to say clearly that it is remarkable. The system by the present invention which is probably shown


below expands a scale to the building of the size exceeding Taipei 101 provided with 32000 windows in the Xinyi District area in Taipei which is a building provided with the most numerous window from single window environment in the present world like. [0013] The present invention provides the control range of SPD far exceeding the control range which exists from the former. The intelligence to which "SC" and **** extend the performance of the conventional controller for the "extended type controller" alias in the present invention far is provided. In the conventional enforcement, the single controller may be controlling some glass from one. The number of some is a comparatively small number like eight pieces here, and each square is connected to the controller with the cable. The setting stage about the relation the manual external control which is a relation which a user may set up or some individual manual control, and that which window or two or more windows can be controlled from the manual setting by the "extended type" controller is provided further. So that the user who calls four windows A, B, C, and D here may be controlled as a window with the single window AB in setting out of four windows in the basis of an "extended type controller" and window CD may be controlled as other single windows. Or it may set up so that window ABC may be controlled as a single window and the window D may be controlled as other single windows, or so that it may be controlled as a window with the single window ABCD or the window ABCD may be controlled as four separate windows. [0014] This system adjusts setting out of each window in a building with an intelligent (intellectual) method from the central intelligence point known as a "master building control point." This system will carry out intelligent determination based on many factors containing **** which is real time so that it may permit that an appropriate quantity of visible light transmits each window, in order to pull out the advantage of the thermal effect of sunlight to the utmost. [0015] The capability for SC exceeding the conventional invention to have been reinforced gives a thing required to control completely all the operational parameters which affect the characteristic of SPD. When controlling a haze and transparency, this kind of control exists in each SC, in order to optimize the efficiency of SPD with the switching speed which took potentially use of electric power, or external atmospheric temperature into consideration. [0016] The flexibility of SC and the networking capability of SC correspond also to the coloring sequence of a special light, or the display of a text message as an end of a multimedia presentation. Such a multimedia display will change the window which probably met the appearance of the building for clerical work in accordance with change of "Christmas music" during a leave period. Probably, in the small version of the scale of such a system, it will also be possible to provide one text display over two or more small SPD pixels in the box on a desk which moves. These various uses are reflecting the flexibility and importance of the present invention. [Best Mode of Carrying Out the Invention] [0017] (DETAILED DESCRIPTION) By including a "microprocessor" in an "extended type controller", the function and flexibility of a device are dramatically extended also about the use not only in the data point in such a lot of controllers but stand-alone environment. In the basis of intelligent control, a lot of controllers of


the can convert the skin (skin) of the building for administration buildings dramatically so that control which is unprecedented about the energy consumption of a building may be carried out. Even if it is stand-alone environment, SC ("extended type controller") is programmable to reduce the energy consumption of the room where SC is used. SC is made into automatic mode in the bottom of manual control, and operation which is mentioned later is possible, and it does not make and matter. [0018] Although there are probably some methods of realizing the same function, in the enforcement described here, an end user can set up a suitable data processing program about the angle of the window from the direction and vertical direction of a window from latitude, longitude, and north. This program can generate the profile which can be downloaded to SC which uses set up data. This set up data determines the position of the window (single or multiple) on the earth under control, and, as a result, determines the angle of the window from the sun also in when of that day to each window. In SC, the time and date clock operates so that a window (single or multiple) may be driven based on the position on time, a current day, and a planet. The window which is carrying out the surface to the sun directly is set as the greatest opacity, the window of the angle of the direction which separates from the sun reduces opacity, and the window of the opposite side of a building becomes transparent completely at 1:00 p.m. on July 2 in Manhattan of a New York. Each window changes according to the incorporated profile as the sun crosses empty. On the other hand, the window which faces the sun becomes transparent at 1:00 p.m. on July 2 in Sydney in Australia so that the initial complement of the heater in a building can be reduced by warming the window upon which direct sunlight is shining using the sun. The window of the opposite side of a building becomes dark in order to maintain the heat which was confined the building [ into ]. The photo cell connected to SC will serve as an externals sensor input for SC to adjust the present opacity still more precisely based on present clouds and weather state. Sidereal information is well known from before, and since during what century is computable, the sidereal information itself may be included in SC device as a profile. The weather state which may interrupt the sun is random and is an occurrence generated in real time. [0019] Although such intelligent control operates some windows autonomously, in big enforcement of a scale, it is desirable to put all the segments of the window of a building on the basis of systematic control. In a comparatively big environmental type, more intelligent determination of opacity can be made within a time for every segment of a building at every point using the profile of each window according to the rather than thing for which real time data processing is performed. As for SC of the present invention, it is possible to make it extend, in order to carry out such mode operation. [0020] This system eliminates all the building wiring problems substantially by making all the SPD windows into a central control. Each "extended type controller" is equipped with the effective radio receiver-transmitter in low power consumption, a low data rate, and the limited range. These radios receiver-transmitter can communicate on one, or the radio receiver-transmitter and point-to-point base beyond it in other "the extended type controllers (plurality)" arranged in surrounding three-dimensional space of each controller. SC microprocessor is further equipped with mesh networking software. Such type software has continued existing during long years, taking various forms. A radio receiver-transmitter transmits and receives the data packet formatted specially by mutual Hazama. The data used in order that a certain packet may operate


the mesh network itself is included, and other packets include the control information on sensor data or a window. A routing control packet is a kind of the mesh control packet transmitted. It is possible that each SC is the "node" in a mesh network. Routing information is used as permit information in each node. From a window controller, the permit information is shown and the route which can be moved to the window controller which exists between others by data the route, being specific -- each -- a window -- a controller -- the middle -- it is -- middle -- a window -- a controller -- between -- it is -- " -- "-- hierarchical -- a control point -- " (HCP) -- " -- or it is along the path from HCP. In contrast with a window controller node, HCP is a position of a special data processing node, and can adjust change of the opacity of the window corresponding to some segments of a building. Some "office control points" (OCP), a "section control point" (SCP), A "region control point" (RCP), a "floor control point" (FCP), a "multi-floor control point" (MCP), and the single "building control point" (BCP) may be in typical building environment. Single "control point" may exist in small-scale enforcement, and the "control point" of all the types may exist in very large-scale enforcement. Use of additional "control point" decreases the communication overhead of a mesh network, and decreases time delay after the command which modulates the opacity of a window is transmitted until each window actually operates. In the working example of the present invention, it can become the "control point" via which the command to which SC of every window is transmitted from a "building control point" goes. Although a "building control point" is an "intelligent data processing system", The lower hierarchical control point is provided with a command and operation with a specific, comparatively small scale, and can be easily treated by the "microprocessor" in any window SCs. In enforcement of largest-scale "extended type controller network", BCP can give information so that setting out of each window in all the floors may be changed to a "multi-floor control point" (MCP). That MCP will transmit this demand to each FCP (plurality), FCP (plurality) will transmit that demand to RCP (plurality), and RCP (plurality) will transmit that command to SCP (plurality). And SCP (plurality) will be transmitted to OCP (plurality) which orders to perform change required of each window controller in an office in the command. A command will be simultaneously transmitted in a different region without network overlap by the expansion to the major node in each level of a class. Then, since a command passes through between intermediate nodes, without there being no queue delay or hardly generating, as for an appearance top, a demand is performed simultaneously all over the building. [0021] Generally, the window controller is not necessarily carrying out the wireless communication directly with the position in the building where HCP may be placed. However, probably, generally all the controllers are in the range which can perform some of other window controllers and wireless communications. It permits that mesh network software is transmitted to some adjacent node along the path with which it leads to an objective node eventually [ a data packet ] from a source node via a series of hop which passes along an intermediate node. Generally for the multiplex path which exists between nodes, data can be sent all over the network regions which may pass a wireless interface temporarily. Resending and authentication of the data of point-to-point communication guarantee that data is not missing by the following node from one node in the network which received the transmitted data. When such recognition is not received, a node may transmit the data on the alternate path to the purpose point. When the segment of a radio network is isolated, the Paquette hop number guarantees that Paquette who will not reach Paquette's last purpose point is deleted from a network. Since possibly data was missing for the


specific wireless communication failure which generates the isolated subnetwork, the authentication between terminations makes a source node and an objective node recognize the time of all being resent just as it is of data. The report process included in the "building controller", The node in a network is supervised, mutually related data is collected, and in order to support the installer which guarantees that all the nodes can communicate with a "class control point", a window controller address is taken into consideration. If it is discovered that the portion with the whole network is isolated from other portions, in order to provide bridge points for data to move to other network segments from one network segment, A node special to the region on the geography between the segments which exist in a network may be incorporated. In order to carry out the bridge of the segment isolated generally together, there should be at least two nodes. The bridge (plurality) is only the window "extended type controller (plurality)" connected to no SPD window. [0022] An "extended type controller" may be provided with the sensor various type which may be used for controlling the energy consumption in a building more finely. A photoelectric element may be arranged on each SPD glass, and may be connected to the SC (Fig.2 and three references). a building control point "BCP" -- in order that [ which may be instructed so that sensor data may be periodically transmitted to all SC to BCP ] it may carry out and BCP may read a photoelectric element and other sensor data, each SC may be polled periodically. BCP knows the position and window address of the latitude of the structure of a building, the compass bearing which the window faces, and a building and longitude, the angle from the vertical direction of each window, and a unique node through the first system construction procedure in BCP. The input from the photoelectric element in a building accepts using the voting technology for determining the best region of the building which increases or decreases opacity, in order that BCP may reduce the total amount of the energy which a building requires for heating and air conditioning. If the compass which can be read, and a glass angle detection device are included in each SC, the modeling process for controlling each window more correctly about a building will be simplified by providing this setup information directly. [0023] In BCP, it has permitted granting a preference special [ in time a day to be and one year of a number of days ] about some buildings to a system operator. This may be used in order to specify the region of the building which receives the glare by the reflected light from the geographical features or other buildings of the range. The characteristics of a preference will be permitting the thing which exist in order to usually decrease the glare in the portion of a building about a transparent window and which is made dark period probably. Therefore, while the region with a building comes under automatic control, other segments of the building may come under a preference state specially simultaneously. The combination which each control compounded may become effective simultaneously. [0024] Many "green (Green)" buildings have already taken in an intelligent energy C-system like the Honeywell enterprise building integrator (EBI). About reduction of the energy requirement to circulation of a fresh air, stinking thing removal of a building, control of the amount of electric [ used ], and a free space, a building HVAC system is operated, the /surveillance of it is done, and these types of system does /control of it. These highest-class systems have also taken in detection, fire protecting door control, and the yard broadcasting system of crime prevention of a building, in-and-out management and surveillance, asset-management, fire, and smoke. The


present invention is the method which was never able to be carried out before, and extends the function of these systems of the latest style. These systems may be optimizing solar use according to movement of a building of surrounding heat, and change of air conditioning, and may be able to control skin (skin) of a building dynamically efficiently all day long. Since the combination of both systems controls the multiple subsystem of a building directly by a systematic method, it provides the increase in efficiency of a level still higher than the increase in efficiency of the level in which the window by which it was controlled singly or the window by which BCP control was carried out is possible. [0025] In the example of the present invention, BCP will supply the XML interface to the external system, in order to supply additional sensor data to an external system, and in order that an external system may permit requiring adjustment of the luminous energy level in a building in the form of a high level. BCP receives the demand from an XML link, since change required by outside "intelligent energy C-system" (IECS) is produced, interprets them and performs them by transmitting a suitable command with a hierarchical network. When operating in this Mohd, the automatic control of BCP is disregarded. The intermittent "heartbeat" transmission of the XML command or an XML response over a BCP/IECS link guarantees that two systems maintain a synchronization and carry out operation which cooperated. When a heartbeat is lost, the BCP can return to automatic mode, and it operates a building independently until an IECS system returns to on-line. [0026] The present invention uses the radio receiver-transmitter with which the low cost, the low power consumption, and the communication-range range which were installed together with each window controller device were restricted, in order to build the large-scale radio network between all the windows in the object for habitation, or the building for commerce. Since the window in a building generally has each in less than 10 meters, the transmitter-receiver with which the communication-range range was restricted conforms completely to this environment. While the microprocessor driven with software in each controller operates the local application function of a controller, A source node and an objective node perform simultaneously wireless packet switching type software used in order to transmit the message from the source node in a building to an objective node, even if it is a case where direct communication is not carried out mutually, since a mutual distance is far. The data which should be moved to an objective node from a source node is transmitted to the radio receiver-transmitter of wireless possible others which was along the path which is transmitted to a wireless possible transmitter-receiver from a source node, and is made to arrive to the objective node of a request of the Paquette-ized data. [0027] the technology of moving a message to a target computer from a source computer via the middle point under arrangement to which many computers are connected is first -- it is called "packet switching" and was characterized [ first ] by ARPANET in 1969 which is the past of the Internet. The Fig.6 which is 4 node network of typical ARPANET which was able to operate in December, 1969, By passing data to IMP63 by which data is passed to the interface message processor (IMP) 61 which will transmit data to IMP62, and the purpose host 163 in a data packet, Probably, it was possible to have transmitted a data packet to the host 163 potentially from the host 161. The same data from the host 161 to the host 163 could be transmitted through IMP64 which transmits data to IMP63 instead of using the missing link directly, when IMP62 detects the thing with the link of IMP63 which is not done for a fixed time function. The concept


of a packet switch network is arranging the alternate path for making Paquette reach to ** and the final purpose point which were the cases where it will be in the state where service with some individual communication paths cannot be performed. A certain packet network used specific routing table, in order to determine an alternative data path, when link lack takes place, and it is provided with the algorithm which determines the time when a first path or alternate path should be used. Other packet networks have the routing information which is periodically updated between the nodes which adjoined in order to maintain continuously the best route list to all the last objective nodes in a network and which is updated dynamically. [0028] By the progress in hardware and software, separation with a host (application processor) and the packet switching network of a node ("interface-message-processor"-IMP (plurality)) already became unnecessary. By the message which passes the network which had permitted that a message was always distributed locally instead of passing the very expensive call (it can set to that time) by long distance communication, The 1980 ITT-DTS fax pack facsimile store-and-forward-switching packet switching system was unified by the application which provides the compatibility between the fax machines of the speed from which that time differs. In the "wide-area paging" network in Fig.7, every node in a network, The paging message specified by dial-in telephone call (telephone number), Receiving the text message received from an operator or the message received from a remote node, and the paging message which will be coded and transmitted in the objective node was operating the permitted application. In order to call human being in two or more cities, the packet switching software which operated by the same node was instructed so that a paging application packet might be sent to a suitable objective node or two or more objective nodes. [0029] The packet network is operating by the permanent communication circuit between the nodes in a city different generally. It has just recently been arranged by the radio-receiver-transmitter network using a radio link instead of the same multi-path packet switching technology being cable Rink between node pairs. These wireless packet switching systems came to be known as a mesh network. The same two-dimensional wiring communication circuit as Fig.7 is different, and the radio devices in a mesh network permit the point-to-point communication in the three-dimensional region of each node. The window which has each window several feet left or in the right from a specific window in the office environment which may show a node can be considered as a potential intermediate node not only as a window which is on the story of on several times or the bottom potentially from a specific window. [0030] The next to which the header packet in each transmitting packet was along the path to the source node address, the purpose node address, and the objective node in this working example The address of a hopping point is specified. When this "extended type controller" transmits information to other points in a network, this data is transmitted into a three dimension. Many receivers will detect interference in the data which a receiver receives, and will disregard the received data. Some of other receivers may receive the packet which has a transmission error. Only the node instructed by the packet received correctly will hold the packet, And the node will analyze the packet and whether it being transmitted to the intermediate node of others which exist as a data item's is to the last objective node, and its packet will determine whether it should treat with the application software in the node. [0031]


A multiplex command is published, and in order to permit performing simultaneously in the point from which the network differs, a logical layered structure is brought to the network. A certain network node is specified only as "the class control point (HCP)" which transmits data to the "class control point" of a lower level more. After all, HCP of the lowest level transmits data only to the subset of all the "extended type controllers" in a network logically. It permits that this logical setting out permits that a single command is divided to a multiplex command, and each of these commands expands it to further more many multiplex commands, and the control message of the minimum number in the highest level controls the node of the maximum number by them. Therefore, one command which makes transparent all the windows in the segment of a building is published in the node of the highest level, and it will be transmitted to the node of the lower level rather than it is understood that it is required to transmit this command, in order to give an effect to the window of the request in a building. [0032] The sensor data consider that is an emergency data item which should reach on the other hand is an upper level more, and is further transmitted to an upper level HCP level until it is caught in individual "extended type controller" and a data item reaches HCP of the highest level. [0033] If it changes to Fig.1, the SPD window controller 2 under the hand regulation from the single outside device 1 will be referred to. It controls the window 5. [0034] Fig.2 shows the controller of Fig.1 by which the photo cell 10 for detecting the luminosity of the sunlight irradiated to the window 5 under control was added. [0035] Fig.3 is the "intelligent controller" produced by incorporating the microprocessor 3 which performs not only "extended type network" operation of a controller but the function in which many supporting the capability of the controller refined more differ. The additional input from the sensor 8 increases the data volume which may be used in order that an "extended type controller" may determine. [0036] Fig.4 shows an "intelligent intelligent controller" provided with two or more manual input 1 under direct control of the controller set up by the user using the setup procedure in the control software which crawled on one again and is connected with the window frame 51-54 of shoes. At once, one single manual input may control one window or two, three, or four windows as if it was like a portion of one SPD glass. In order that one or more manual input may support the manual control which operates from the point from which the same room differs, it may be used for controlling the group of the same glass. [0037] four window frames [ in / in Fig.5 / this example ] differ -- combine -- setup software is and like an individual window frame throat -- combine -- also treating a set as a single glass window frame is shown. About setting out of four windows in the basis of an "extended type controller", So that it may be controlled as a window with the single window AC which calls four windows A, B, C, and D here and window BD may be controlled as other single windows. Or a user may set up so that window BCD may be controlled as a single window and the window A may be controlled as other single windows, or so that it may be controlled as a window with the single window ABCD or the window ABCD may be controlled as four separate windows. [0038]


Fig.6 shows one of the early packet switching in which the data which may be transmitted along with the alternate path which passes along an intermediate node is contained, or the mesh networks, in order to reach the purpose point. This is a 4 node type "ARPANET" example in 1969, and serves as a forerunner of today's Internet. A host computer transmits data to other host computers in this network, In order to transmit a data packet to the desired purpose host 163 other EVIP62 which are not the purpose point which will relay Paquette in the direction of specific IMP63 by which direct continuation was carried out further, and 64, service of "interface-message-processor (IMP)" 61 is used. [0039] Fig.7 shows the packet-switching mesh network in which the specific processing application operates on the same computer that is performing packet switching software by the combination of the function of the host and IMP in the early ARPANET system and which progressed further. On the single plat form, the improvement in microprocessor capability enabled combination of these functions. This the radio calling (pager) system by which the city scale was isolated, Wherever it may be [ of the country ] placed instead of one city exactly, it is an example of the "radio calling network" application which uses the DLH protocol generated by the inventor who converted into the nationwide network which can alarm to someone. ARPANET and the Internet use a formal routing protocol standard like RIP, in order to maintain the best route list to the destination dynamically in each node. DLH uses the routing protocol of original specification, in order to maintain Liszt of main routes and an alternate route. It was taken and changed to the wireless paging industrial standard TNPP protocol which helped for that inventor to create the DLH network of that original specification after all, and the industrial committee where that inventor became the chairperson has promoted use of this protocol between things for 11 years or more. The TNPP protocol was used with the original specification routing protocol peculiar to a manufacturer, in order to maintain the best path and alternate path to each objective node. The paging message generated in the node B72 may be transmited to other nodes 73 and 74 until it reaches the node 71 connected with the antenna which transmits information to the pager receiver 171 one after another. [0040] Fig.8 shows the "extended type controller" network which comprises an "intelligent controller" of the Fig.3 united with the radio receiver-transmitter which transmits a data packet to other transmitter-receivers with which the "extended type controller" node was equipped.The routing data similar to Internet RIP maintains the list of the best next nodes for receiving the data which is on the path to an objective node in an each "controller" node. Unlike the network of Fig.6 and the cable of 7, the radio network of Fig.8 may receive sometimes appropriately the data by which the address was carried out to a node which is different rather than the received data./In this case, that received data is disregarded by the node which is not the following node which was along the optimal path to the purpose point, and is thrown away. Each controller 81, 82, 83, and 84 has a controller, a microprocessor, and a radio receiver-transmitter. [0041] Fig.9 shows the example of the network of Fig.8 with which the "master building control point" (MBCP90) is connected to one of the network nodes.MBCP90 is a data-processing site which determines the portion of the building automatically set as the specific opacity of day and night always. "Data-processing" system may be connected to the remote central monitoring service 92 which supervises operation of an SPD building skin C-system instead of the Internet 91 and many building owners arbitrarily.


[0042] Since it will secure that a system continues operation normally even if first BCP may stop functioning, Fig.10 shows the example of the redundancy "master building control point" (BCP) supported in a network. One MBCP (shown as a data processor.) is connected to the node 81, and second MBCP (similarly shown as a data processor.) is connected to the node 87. [0043] Fig.11 shows "the hierarchical control point" (HCP) of a different type which supervises operation of the "extended type controller" in a portion with the building which the region where buildings differ probably has. [0044] Fig.12 is "hierarchical" mapping of a "control point", The command most generated in the "control point" of an upper level shows logical further whether it distributes to the "control point" of a lower level rather than distributing a command to many elements increasingly in a lower level layer level how. Some "office control points" (OCP), a "section control point" (SCP), A "region control point" (RCP), a "floor control point" (FCP), a "multi-floor control point" (MCP), and one a "building control point" (BCP) may be in typical building environment. Single "control point" may exist in small-scale enforcement, and the "control point" of all the types may exist in very large-scale enforcement. Use of additional "control point" decreases the communication overhead of a mesh network, and decreases time delay after the command which modulates the opacity of a window is transmitted until each window actually operates. In the working example of the present invention, it can become the "control point" via which the command to which SC of every window is transmitted from a "master building control point" goes. Although a "master building control point" is an "intelligent data processing system", The lower hierarchical control point is provided with the command and operation with a specific, comparatively small scale which are easily treated by the "microprocessor" in any window SCs. In enforcement of the "extended type controller network" of an interim scale, MBCP can give information so that setting out of each window in all the floors may be changed to a "multi-floor control point" (MCP). That MCP will transmit this demand to each FCP(plurality)96.99, FCP (plurality) will transmit that demand to RCP (plurality) 97, 100, 101, and 102, and RCP (plurality) will transmit that command to SCP (plurality). And SCP (plurality) will be transmitted to OCP (plurality) which orders to perform change required of each window controller in an office (not clearly shown) in the command. A command will be simultaneously transmitted in a different region without network overlap by the expansion to the major node in each level of a class. Then, since a command passes through between intermediate nodes, without there being no queue delay or hardly generating, as for an appearance top, a demand is performed simultaneously all over the building. [0045] Fig.22 shows the logical connection which forms the class of a control point, in order to reduce the communication load to the point from a point of "multi-floor control point" MCP which transmits a command to all the SCs in a building. In the example currently disclosed, MCP transmits a command to two the "floor control points" (FCP) arranged the optimal on isolated LAN. Simultaneously, each FCP can relay a command to the section control point (SCP) which may transmit one command after another to an office control point (OCP). Each OCP may relay the command received simultaneously to one or more SCs in which each OCP has responsibility. Eventually, although all the SCs will receive the command demanded, a hierarchical structure decreases the total number of times of data transmission which crosses the whole network, in


order to reach each SC from MCP. [0046] Fig.13 shows "master building control point" 110 interface provided with "intelligent energy C-system" (IECS) 111 by XML interface 112 course. The "master building control point 204" which gives the central-control intelligence over all the individual windows in one building to details more Fig.23, Since a command is sent out to MBCP in order that an external system may receive a sensor input for MBCP by course and may change setting out of some windows or all the windows by Shimo of the control, It is shown how XML209 link is connectable with outside "intelligent energy C-system 210" by course. [0047] A way changes how as the sun which crosses empty, and Fig.14 shows how the sunlight of a day pours into the window of a building. Since the earth revolves the surroundings of the sun around the sun, a way changes for a while on one year of each day as the sun. It is well known to every latitude and longitude on a planet that a way will cross as the sun. [0048] The embodiment of others of the present invention makes arrangement of a window the part of a multimedia display. An office building is often ornamented by the method that the appearance of a city with an office building is improved. For example, in Houston, in order that many big buildings may form the outline which made the empty of the city in each evening the background, the outline of a building is drawn in the sequence of the small light on the circumference of each building. A specific light in a building will be blinked in the dead of night, in order that many buildings may display a certain pattern relevant to a holiday, when people are not mainly in a building a holiday. For example, in the window of a big building, the pattern of a cross or diamond form may appear as a part of true symbol of winter in the adjoining building between Christmas in the floor level with which buildings differ. [0049] This embodiment extends the function of MBCP so that it may be used as a part of video presentation. Since this controller has already had the capability for setting out like a throat to also change the window frame of every glass from a transparent state to any setting out under manual control or the automatic control from MBCP to a dark condition under control of a controller, even if it adds this performance, it is not affected by influence. Therefore, the application relevant to special energy efficiency nature may exist in MBCP in order to operate a window by a special method which is desired by a building operator. [0050] (Text message mode) Although two modes may operate simultaneously, there are two operational modes. An SPD window is used for a first mode in order to form a message in a text display. In this very simple application, each SPD glass window frame shows 1 pixel of information. The number of dots for character on soft copy which has made the window frame size and character has specified whether the character in which it separated from the window how much, and the user was formed can be read clearly. In order for the square box by the window of 4 or 9 (two rows of two lines or three rows of three lines) individual to make individual pixel size increase in a certain case, it may be controlled as one pixel. Each controller receives the command from MBCP for setting up ON, OFF, or a certain amount of shade for a pixel. The six-line pixel arrangement of eight rows forms one of characters or punctuations, and it may be made to contain one pixel in the circumference of each character by using 48 windows as a lot.


[0051] The MBCP may operate in another mode and the message (or two or more messages) which should be displayed is given by an external system rather than the local console on MBCP in this case. The MBCP will support some interfaces for the message input. This includes the XML type command set between MBCP and an external system. The command set may operate on LAN connection, a serial port, an infrared port, or other physical means. The MBCP may be programmed by the character or language displayed or the sequence of a message, timing information, and the pixel starting position. Changing setting out of a window or a pixel at a specific ratio will give the feeling which a text message scrolls over some windows. This shifts setting out of one right-hand side window to one window on left-hand side, for example, and is performed by making one vertical direction sequence of the pixel data on the left-hand side of a display remove. The sequence of the pixel in the window of most right-hand side exists for the following character which should be displayed. This provides smooth scrolling to the left from the right. The character may be scrolled from the left in a similar way also on the right for the language written to the counter direction. The starting position of each text string may be specified that a message seems to start simultaneously on some story or some stories with a window. [0052] Probably, the logic in MBCP may be provided also with the characteristics of other text displays which utilize the performance of SPD glass. For example, a character appears upside down and the right may be changed upwards. Probably, the character will be good even if it rotates perpendicularly to along which sequence which forms each character. A pixel can be begun from a transparent state, and a character is formed by changing each pixel to a dark condition individually, the bottom passes from a top for a certain interesting special effect, or it can be formed upwards from the bottom. A word can be expressed on a display as a similar way. It is made dark from a center and is radiately made dark on left-hand side and right-hand side so that it may range from the left to the right, a pixel sequence may be made dark from the right to the left and it may meet in the center of a sentence. or -- a different start sequence is chosen -- a pixel -- one direction -- or it may spread radiately darkly in both directions like [ in the case of a character ]. In order to make it display on a display more interestingly rather than expressing a character as the given strength at once, there is no limitation in the combination of the possible method of presentation. of course, which of these special methods of presentation -- although -- it will become possible when an outside device drives the arrangement of SPD glass via an XML interface. [0053] This example may be miniaturized by more nearly small-scale application, although use of the SPD glass in an office building will be improved as a means to display a message and this example is based also on each glass window frame or pixel size. For example, a message may be scrolled over the atrium of SPD glass in right above people's head which stands under the atrium. Or if a very small glass window frame is used, the small animation display of SPD glass may be generated. [0054] (Video mode) The structure of an SPD window may be observed also as a lot of pixels by which each pixel can be set as any shade levels with which the termination of the range is considered to be an OFF state or an ON state in the range from 0% to 100%. In order to provide the visual effect which


delights people who are looking at such a display and which was constituted well at random [ many ], there is combination of setting out from which the luminous energy level over each pixel in large-scale arrangement differs without number. The set of a sequence with which many were programmed previously may be defined, and may be memorized by MBCP. Each sequence may provide some special visual effects in glass. A sequence may be defined as follows. - The flash plate from a state to a completely dark very bright state - Begin from a completely dark state and change into a transparent state slowly bright. - From left-hand side to right-hand side - From right-hand side to left-hand side - From a top to the bottom - From the bottom to a top - It is to the end from a center with how to enlarge a square. - From an end to a center - Checkerboard pattern - And many of other sequences [ many of ] [0055] MBCP will support many means to start a sequence, and it will support them so that the 'script' of the sequence set programmed previously can be saved and set. MBCP could be driven via the LAN connection part of a serial port or PC. MBCP can support actually the outside device which is the arrangement of a button and a switch, and pushing the combination and the button of switch setting out starts here the sequence programmed previously. Thus, in order that a laser beam may start the photoelectric condenser which was doubled with the music performance and which was programmed previously, a sequence "may be able to be performed, as for an operator" in accordance with alien-frequencies comfort the same with using a similar type panel for an operator being shown. It may be established off-line and the complicated arrangement of a new sequence may be transmitted to MBCP from an external system at any time. Some of these external sequences may be later memorized by MBCP, and they may be called by a reference number rather than the sequence downloads repeatedly from an outside device. When window arrangement is completely set as a dark condition for the further integration in multimedia environment, in order to display an animation in SPD glass, a video projector may be used potentially. This sequence will be required when the command which starts the display of a video data is transmitted to an external video projector. [0056] The arrangement of the pixel relevant to one momentary state of a sequence is set as a specific level by transmission of the wireless command to each controller required in order to make a related pixel suitable setting out. When the direct communication of the controller of a specific pixel cannot be directly carried out with the MBCP from the wireless interface in MBCP, the wireless command, It may be received via one of the intermediate nodes (two or more intermediate nodes) or controllers (two or more controllers) in arrangement (mesh packet network). [0057] The capability to provide a visual special effect in the window arrangement of MBCP is further strengthened by the set of the special interface supported by MBCP. This MBCP may be expressed as a controllable lighting system to the lighting industrial standard DMX based on an "intelligent C-system." These systems have already supported generation and memory of a script with the special effect supporting multimedia lighting show.


[0058] (X.10 control of an SPD window) The controller of the present invention may operate on the radio network supporting automatic remote control in large-scale building environment. However, a solution like the plan for [ which has 16 windows about ] habitation according [ in / depend and / small environment ] to this wireless control may become what has a very high price in a certain situation. In order to solve this situation, there are other embodiments of an extended type controller. Instead of unifying for a controller the radio transmitter and receiver which were mentioned above, the present invention equips an above-mentioned controller with the interface which can receive X.10 control signal via 110-volt exchange or a 220-volt alternating-current-power line. X. The term of validity has ended now the United States patent which had protected 10 communications protocols. The interface which is compatible with X.10 from a certain thing at low lost has the number of products which has the existing compatibility at present during the period which has existed, the acquisition ease of X.10 controller which transmits a control signal on a power line, and desirable them. Fig.18 shows the controller 181 which transmits a command to the X.10 decoder 182 which transmits X.10 signal and transmits one command after another to the window 183. X. The option of 10 interfaces will be provided on the controller circuit card which operates one or two glass windows or more. Each controller will operate via the power line by which direct continuation is carried out to 110-volt exchange or a 220-volt alternating-current-power line. 256 windows may be controlled in this environment. Each window controller will be specified by "X.10 characters" (a home / network ID) and a "numbered code" (device ID). The window controller will look for a command signal like an ON signal, an OFF signal, DIM and a UP signal, and DIM and a DOWN signal, when a window controller refers to the address on a power line bus. In a controller, an ON signal will be performed as a signal which sets a window as a dark condition completely. The OFF signal will be interpreted as what sets a window as a completely transparent state. A controller maintains setting out of the present window by Shimo of the control. DIM and a UP command make the darkness of a window increase in the direction of 0 to 100% slowly, and DIM and a DOWN command will decrease darkness slowly, and will make the window transparence more. All the X.10 devices which can transmit these four signals to all of 256 possible X. 10 addresses can control all the SPD windows. X. Ten controller exists now, in order to transmit these four signals by manual control Shimo, or in order to program so that a computer transmits a command to the specific time of a day. This provides a very brief means to control a small number of SPD devices locally. X. Probably, the similar interface which supports some wireless exchange to ten device, Z-Wave, Insteon, and 802.11.15ZigBee exists. [0059] Fig.15 shows five controllers which control 24 windows or window frames, respectively. As for these window frames, A and B may be adjacent to mutually, respectively, and E and D may be physically arranged, as it is under A and B directly. This will form the eight-line pixel arrangement of 12 rows. The command from MBCP will be transmitted to the wireless mesh network via a local transmitter and M. The controller B cannot be reached although it may be able to communicate with the controller D directly. Therefore, a pixel is set up so that a command may be relayed to the node controller B via the node controller C. In order to control setting out in the node A, a command may communicate via the path M, D, and E, A or the path M, D, and B, A or the path M, C, and B, and A, for example. [0060] Fig.16 has one window or a pixel on the boundary of left-hand side and the upper part, and


shows the character "E" formed during the pixel arrangement of the window which became dark of seven lines and five rows. [0061] Fig.17 shows the adjacent window frame and each window frame from which a light effect differs only severalpercent. [0062] This invention will be evaluated in that the control range of SPD far beyond the control range which existed from the former is provided. The intelligence to which "SC" and **** extend the performance of the conventional controller for the "extended type controller" alias in the present invention far is provided. In the conventional enforcement, the single controller may be controlling some glass from one. The number of some is a comparatively small number like eight pieces here, and each square is connected to the controller with the cable. The setting stage about the relation the manual external control which is a relation which a user may set up or some individual manual control, and that which window or two or more windows can be controlled from the manual setting by the "extended type" controller is provided further. So that the user who calls four windows A, B, C, and D here may be controlled as a window with the single window AB in setting out of four windows in the basis of an "extended type controller" and window CD may be controlled as other single windows. Or it may set up to have mentioned above in relation to Fig.5 so that window ABC may be controlled as a single window and the window D may be controlled as other single windows, or so that it may be controlled as a window with the single window ABCD or the window ABCD may be controlled as four separate windows. [0063] As for such intelligent control, in large-scale enforcement, although some windows permit operating independently, it is desirable to place all the segments of the window of a building under a series of systematic control. In environment comparatively big type, using the profile of an individual window, a series of systematic control can perform real-time-data processing, can be in time for time in every point, and can determine [ rather than ] the opacity for every segment of a building more intelligently. SC of the present invention is extensible in order to operate by such a method. [0064] When SC is a manual mode, in order to control the opacity of the SPD glass which SC is controlling, or a plastic to exact setting out, SC uses the input from the resident of the room. There is a range in an usable different manual-input device. Although there are not a switch, a device like resistance, or moving parts, the device of the capacity type which can detect contact of a finger with which all of me are used, for example is contained in the range. However, SC (plurality) may be receiving the command transmitted via the local region network to which SC is connected. In order for SC to control the function which should be performed, wherever it may be in [ network ], it permits plug-in of a LAN card so that a command can be received. Multiplex LAN may be connected via a "repeater" or a "bridge", in order to make a physical area size covered by the window of the building increase. When LAN has reached maximum length, the router which connects mutually LAN which became independent in order to generate the wide area network which can reach each SC in a building may be arranged. The purpose of a wide area network is that each SC enables it to receive the command published from the central intelligence point. It is determining so that a data processing system may carry out the best setting out to each window in the "master building control point" (MBCP) which is a central


intelligence point. MBCP can incorporate the data from the sensor used together with SC by polling sensor data. And from other inputs which may be read via the network to which MBCP is connected, MBCP uses latitude information and longitude information, time, a current day, and other facts, in order to determine the optimum setting method of the present opacity level of the whole building. MBCP may transmit a command to each individual window via a network, in order to choose the optimal setting out in this case. [0065] An "extended type controller" may be provided with the sensor various type which may be used for controlling the energy consumption in a building more finely. A photoelectric element may be arranged on each SPD glass, and may be connected to SC (Fig.2 and three references). "a master building control point "MBCP"" -- it may instruct, and in order to read a photoelectric element and other sensor data, MBCP may poll each SC periodically, so that sensor data may be periodically transmitted to all SC to MBCP. BCP knows the position and window address of the latitude of the structure of a building, the compass bearing which the window faces, and a building and longitude, the angle from the vertical direction of each window, and a unique node through the first system construction procedure in BCP. The input from the photoelectric element in a building accepts using the voting technology for determining the best region of the building which increases or decreases opacity, in order that BCP may reduce the total amount of the energy which a building requires for heating and air conditioning. If the compass which can be read, and a glass angle detection device are included in each SC, the modeling process for controlling each window more correctly about a building will be simplified by providing this setup information directly. [0066] The full load on the backbone of LAN is reduced, and in order that the command which should be executed really simultaneous may cross a network, one class of an "intelligent control point" may be generated. Probably, the control point is only individual SC instructed by MBCP so that it might operate as a relay station instead of MBCP. In a class's highest level, a "master building control point" is an existence which determines intelligently setting out of the present of the opacity in all the points of the SPD glass in a building. There is a class of some levels according to enforcement size. A "master control point" transmits an opacity change command to one or two the "class control points" or more which communicate with the "class control point" of some lower levels one by one, Eventually, this command reaches each individual SC in which a control point has responsibility. Thus, the thing for which control is distributed multilevel, The quantity of the data packet which passes LAN in which a "master control point" exists is reduced, and the load of a master and a backbone network is reduced by distributing and transmitting a command to each local LAN in this way. Since each "class control point" performs distribution of the command over the master on each local LAN, this control becomes able [ a command ] to execute earlier than the case where each command should be transmitted directly from a master control point. Therefore, a command is simultaneously transmitted to multiplex LAN instead of transmitting LAN in in-series. This control enables very many "suspension particle devices" to change simultaneously earlier. [0067] In order that MBCP may supply window coloring information and additional sensor data to an external system in the example of the present invention, And the XML interface (it is shown in Fig.13 like) to the external system will be supplied in order that an external system may permit adjustment of the light volume of the room under requiring adjustment of the coloring level of


the circumference of a building, or its control. It performs that MBCP receives the demand from an XML link, it interprets them since it produces change required by outside "intelligent energy C-system" (IECS), and it transmits a suitable command via a "hierarchical" network. When this Mohd operates, the automatic control of MBCP may be rather disregarded [ rather than ] selectively using the information generated in order to instruct so that all the windows may be set up by the optimal method. Instead, the command is generated based on the XML message received from IECS. By the intermittent "heartbeat (Hearbeat)" transmission of the XML command or an XML response over MBCP or an IECS link, the synchronization of two systems is maintained and equal operation is guaranteed. When a heartbeat disappears, the MBCP can return to automatic mode, and it operates a building independently until an IECS system returns to on-line. The MBCP can supply the data of the help which reinforces the operation to the IECS, and can keep the direct control of coloring of a window alternative. [0068] Fig.19, So that Paquette can be transmitted to "master control point" (MBCP) 192 on LAN via LAN193. two the "extended type controllers" (SC (plurality)) which comprises an "intelligent controller" of the Fig.1 united with the LAN interface 194 -- 191 and 192 are shown. [0069] Fig.20 shows the bridge 202 which may be taken in in LAN size in order to add another LAN segments of an expansion sake, when LAN201 has reached the maximum capability for cable length. Probably, this method is a method first as a structure adopted in order to connect more controllers to "master building control point" 204 which are controlling setting out of all the SCs. This figure also expresses the hub 205 which carries out direct continuation to SC206 [ more nearly individual than multiplex SC which is hanging down from share wiring ]. the connection with the hub 205 and individual SC206 -- a cable -- or -- if possible -- being wireless -- also coming out -- it is good. Use of wireless LAN decreases the wiring amount of the building which connects all the "extended type controllers" to the network which will connect with "master control point" 204 probably containing building control logic and which must be performed for accumulating. [0070] Fig.21 shows how to expand the size of a local network further, when LAN segments and the number of arrangement of a "bridge" / "repeater" 202 have reached the maximum. The router element 207 which it permits that independent new LAN segments are connected to the router 207 is added. The router 207 recognizes the case where it instructs to the LAN address on LAN from which data differs, acquires the data from LAN received in that case, and broadcasts the data again to right LAN to which the objective address is instructed. A mapping table tells the address range which each LAN can process to the router 207. In order that SC across a big building may receive the message from the "hierarchical control point" on the message from "master building control point" 204 in same or remote LAN, or the same LAN, It is connected to nearest LAN. He is trying for MBCP to also change setting out of the opacity of which window of a building in an instant by this. [0071] Probably, in the viewpoint of a scale, having described above unsurprisingly is extending the Malvino patent dramatically. However, SC is also extending the basic function of a Malvino patent by supplying the SPD control means far exceeding the control assumed in these patents. Manual control information is read by the microprocessor and not only in a means to control manually the regulation means to which the aforementioned microprocessor adjusts a regulation


means based on manual control setting out, The device driven by a microprocessor can control regulation of the voltage to at least one suspension particle device (SPD) by which the light bulb transparency characteristic of a device will be controlled, setting out of the clock frequency of all the requests, and/or setting out of the waveform characteristic. Here, there may be two or more manual control devices and/or two or more individual SPD devices which were connected to the device driven by a microprocessor with cable wiring. Here, the setup steps of the relation between two or more manual control devices used in order to control directly the SPD opacity of that SPD device which is a single SPD device, and which was connected with one or two or more two cable wiring or more so that it might operate like may occur. There may be a means to control the regulation means by digital command received over a communications channel from the outside. Here, there may be the radio transmitter and radio set which use the wireless communication of the point-to-point for transmitting and receiving data in the device driven by the adjoining microprocessor. A remote radio receiving device interprets here the packet header of the data transmitted by the transmission device, and if necessary, it is only processing received data, as it determined from the packet header data. The data which the header data in a receiving microprocessor received [ aforementioned ] is a device driven by a different microprocessor, When meaning the device which does not communicate [ the / receiving device and directly ] is specified, By referring to the "routing table" which was directly placed on the computer for transmitting the data further into the network mentioned above via the additional middle hopping point, and was updated dynamically, The receiving device shall broadcast the data packet again towards the device or node driven to other microprocessors. Once the aforementioned packet information reaches the purpose point of packet information, the aforementioned packet information will be processed by the application software in the last purpose point. [0072] Paquette of the type with which many differ may be transmitted through a network, Some Paquette's types are used in order to maintain the network itself, It is used in order for Paquette of other types to move a statistical data through a network, and it is used in order for Paquette of other types to move application data like a "light bulb" command through a network. In order to support determining the best next route used in order for network Paquette of one type to move this Paquette in the direction of an objective node, that instantaneous routing information that will be used in each node may be distributed. Probably, Paquette another type includes the command which requests that the local "light bulb" which is the SPD glass control commands to a remote node should be changed into specific setting out. [0073] The system "A master building control point", It is a device driven by the microprocessor which it carries out intelligent determination about the point what kind of opacity should be set up in an individual window, and transmits a command to other portions of the system in the whole LAN, An interface may also be built into a "Local Area Network" (LAN), in order it is alike and to connect. The LAN "Thinnet", "Thicknet", a twisted pair wire, it may wire via an optical fiber or the LAN means of other cables -- it carries out or one deformation kind of the IEEE802.11 standards is used -- being wireless -- or it may wire via IEEE802.15 standard or other wireless LAN means. The LAN may be mediated to another LAN, in order to remove restriction of the number of devices connected to the restriction about the Buss length, or one Buss and to expand LAN. In order that the LAN may communicate with the "master building control point" which belongs to a local or a wider region network, Furthermore it exceeds the object for habitation or the building for commerce which can reach by one LAN, in order to connect with other LAN


covering a large-scale region, it may be expanded by using a router. [0074] The controller may perform the specific software set which can perform a typical function in addition to becoming the "intelligent control point" on LAN called a "hierarchical control point." This device can communicate for every devices of all the in one class. [0075] The system may change a "light bulb" automatically under system control based on the latitude of the physical direction of the "SPD device" on the earth, and an SPD device and longitude, a current day, and time. In order that the microprocessor may reduce the energy consumption in the object for habitation and the environment for commerce which use the window which uses an "SPD device", Probably, it corresponds to the profile of the data generated from off-line processing of the spatial direction of the window in all the moments of 1 so that setting out of optimal "light bulb" may be made continuously. [0076] If it is used in order that manual preference operation may repeal autonomous working, autonomous working may be resumed after a specific period. Autonomous working may be resumed when the confirmation sensor used of the room does not show any motions in a specific period and the room. The system may correspond to the switch for setting up some the fixing profiles and the profiles effective now for opacity setting out over day and night manually. When there may be two profiles, the manual switch may be classified with summer and winter. When there may be four profiles, the manual switch may be classified with summer, autumn, winter, and spring. [0077] In the system, the optimal "light bulb" setting out may be obtained by real time instead of using predetermined profile information. Such a real-time operation may be performed in a "master building control point." [0078] Although a device provided with the same electronic device as an SPD controller may not be connected to all the SPD device, It may be used only as a middle hopping point for moving data among other devices which operate as an SPD device completely for which wireless service is used in the spot which cannot carry out direct communication sufficiently and mutually [ the device which can operate completely ]. In order to operate this hopping point device as a bridge between other devices, it may be installed in the dead spot between other devices. [0079] In a system, a message may be transmitted through the class of a special node and needs to be transmitted from the node in the network to none of other nodes. In a class's highest level, a "control point" is an existence which determines intelligently setting out of the present of the opacity in all the points of the SPD glass in a building. There is a class of some levels according to enforcement size. In order to change setting out of the "light bulb" in a controller, one of these "the building control points" communicates with the control point of some lower levels so that each point may operate simultaneously according to the command. The control point of the low level may distribute the command to other low levels of a control point further in order to make the command expand to within a time [ earliest ] further to the point of the maximum number so that a window can start as soon as possible. [0080] In a system, a message may be transmitted through the class of the "intelligent control point"


which is placed on LAN same as or different from a "master control point." In a class's highest level, a "control point" is an existence which determines intelligently setting out of the present of the opacity in all the points of the SPD glass in a building. There is a class of some levels according to enforcement size. A "master control point" transmits an opacity change command to one or two the "class control points" or more which communicate with the "class control point" of some lower levels one after another, Eventually, this command reaches the individual controller in a control range. Thus, distributing control multilevel reduces the quantity of the data packet which passes LAN in which a "master control point" exists, and it distributes a command to each local LAN which reduces the load of a "master" and a backbone network in this way. Since each "class control point" is performing distribution of a command to the "master" on each local LAN, this control, It permits that a command is executed earlier than the case where each command should be transmitted directly from a "master control point." Therefore, multiplex LAN is simultaneously transmitted to a command over instead of LAN being transmitted in in-series. This control permits that very many suspension particle devices change simultaneously earlier. [0081] Changing simultaneously the voltage which drives an SPD device, SC may be crossed to a variable range and may adjust frequency. By driving the device over a variable frequency, if the glass does not exist as if, a possibility that "swing (sing)" (generating of an audio frequency sound) to which each and every human being within the same room will be irritated will occur can be decreased. [0082] An "extended type controller" may also include the sensor circuit which detects lack of the flow of the current which passes along SPD material. Probably, this shows damage of the SPD material. In the midst of this occurrence, that SC transmits the "glass damage detection" message which shows that phenomenon to MBCP. MBCP which receives that warning can determine from which window this message came, and will require intervention of human being depending on any of a means by which many differ they are. One or two radio calling messages or more which are transmitted via the Internet in the means which has some demands of intervention of human being, The short message to one or two cellular phones or more which are transmitted via the Internet, It may be transmission of the message to the synthesized speech message generated in order to call the central office which is supervising the institution, and the monitoring service which supervises SPD-glass building control specially via the Internet. When a damage detection message pours in at every time, the MBCP maintains class logic so that a multiplex alarm may not be generated. Otherwise, MBCP cannot respond within the given period. Since after an alarm is detected prevents the message from all the sections of a building pouring in, within which period, the MBCP can stop the glass damage detection logic in SC. [0083] The controller of the present invention can drive SPD by a method more advanced than a Malvino patent to all the SPD applications including an automobile, a marine marine vessel, an airplane, aerospace, and construction. In the first place, single various waveforms but not wave-like may be used. A duty cycle can be changed in order to save [ second ] energy. In a controller, in order to support a multiplex type SPD film, two or three photoelectric conversion reference tables or more may be memorized. The method of driving SPD can be adjusted based on an outside temperature.


And electric power is dynamically manageable in order to optimize power consumption. [0084] U.S. Pat. No. 6 of Maivino, 897 and 997, and 6, 804 and 040 provide the one fundamental method of driving so that the material on the basis of SPD may be changed [ to a dark state ] from a transparent state or changed among various transparency levels. These fundamental patents are considering no operation parameters or those control of SPD material. SC from which a microprocessor takes the lead provides unprecedented details of a level and optimized control of SPD material through some methodology which this improved controller patent is describing, an algorithm, and feedback mechanism. [0085] The '997 of Maivino and '040 patent was related with generation of some electronics sets which will allow the material of the SPD base to change a state. However, detailed research of the essence of SPD material shows clearly that there is what some characteristics of SPD materials other than the transparency for controlling the window of an SPD base appropriately should be examined for. And many variable factor **** which control these characteristics. [0086] The main characteristics of SPD material are the capability to move to movement in the dark state from a transparent state, and an again dark state based on the frequency and the volts alternating current level which are applied, or the capability to move to any middle transparency levels. However, other important characteristics which should be controlled are the singing (singing) of the SPD material laminated between switching time, a haze, transparency, two glass, or a plastic or the possibility of humming (hummimg), and power consumption. There is setting out of many parameters which have on these characteristics. These are the manufacturer and which production process [ in / occasionally / one manufacturer ] of the thickness of a volts alternating current, frequency, a frequency permissible error, temperature, a waveform, a waveform phase, a duty cycle, and SPD material, and SPD material to be. The simple circuit of 6, 897 and 997 of Maivino and 6 and 804, and 040 patents cannot take all these parameters into consideration, in order to provide the performance of a request of SPD material. [0087] It will be required that different SPD application should optimize some methods of operating SC. In the building application for the increase in efficiency of energy, SC will emphasize the function for the increase in efficiency of the energy aiming at energy protection. Switching speed will be traded off to energy-efficiency-izing. In an automobile, a vendor may be wanted to maintain glass switching speed uniformly irrespective of the outside temperature of a car. SC can guarantee lower switching speed by driving SPD material in higher frequency by consumption of more electric power, when an outdoor temperature is very low. [0088] Fig.24 shows a logical structure of the embodiment of the present invention. Only in the capability to become a part of network of the larger-scale controller integrated, this is the controller strengthened in the point of strengthening the intelligence of each individual node in controlling SPD material. [0089] The "command" of a controller, and "control" portion, In order to set the transparency level of the light of SPD glass as a specific level, a command is received from two or more of other microprocessors on an external source (for example, an A/D type device like the dimming switch of an option), or a communication link. SC may use the sensor which passed the A/D interface


although the temperature of the outside which should be taken into consideration in order for both to optimize more important switching time or amount of used electricity for a user is measured. The waveform of specific shape is set up by the waveform-generations logic which adjusts the electric energy in the optimal frequency for switching glass demanded. In order to reduce the electric power used in order to maintain SPD material on a specific transparency level, the wave-like duty cycle used is decreased. Taking into consideration the aim which should be attained, the algorithm built into the software of SC adjusts setting out of the factor mentioned until now, in order to provide a desired target. This SC has the perfect flexibility for adjusting all the performances which affect a parameter in specific environment. [0090] In order to know how the controller has a series of inner three-dimensional tables similar to Fig.25, and change of one factor or two factors affects the third factor in this table, The parameter to other parameters in which various operations are possible is drawn as a map. For example, this table will determine the suitable voltage and frequency which were demanded from the absolute level of light transmission. Such other tables will express the relation of the switching time and frequency to the given electric energy. The third table will give the model of the switching time over the given temperature, and frequency. The fourth table will judge the switching time and frequency to the given temperature. [0091] If the algorithm built into the intelligent controller is used, an intelligent controller may be traded off for operating SPD material the optimal according to the target programmed by the memory of the intelligent controller. When it is required that the switching time for less than 2 seconds should be maintained from a dark state to a transparent state, Data will be pulled out from these tables, in order for these algorithms to make the frequency of an AC signal increase in order to supply the specific transparency level to a specific manufacturer's SPD material, and to make voltage increase and to supply additional electric power. When power consumption is a factor over optimization as other cases, In order for this SC to operate SPD material in lower frequency, therefore to attain the absolute level of transparency, voltage will be adjusted, and probably power consumption will be reduced by using switching speed for about 8 seconds instead of 2 seconds. [0092] This data is repeated to each manufacturer of SPD material so that a suitable judgment may be made based on a specific SPD material in which the controller is used. Although the day which guarantees that all the SPD materials react by a method repeatable similarly correctly between manufacturers and over between the production processes from one manufacturer by an industrial standardization activity may come, Two or more tables must be programmed a priori by the table of the controller for every performance of a model until quality control of this level is attained between different manufacturing processes in the industrial world. However, this controller is a universal controller to all the SPD applications eventually. [0093] Generally setting out of the table memorized by the controller is generated through the experiment of a laboratory for every SPD material of each manufacturer off-line. The data produced as a result is memorized on the table of a controller, or may be downloaded for the controller through a communication line. [0094] In enforcement of some of controllers, some of three-dimensional tables will be dropped into a


two-dimensional table by Shimo of control of the controller of a specific model, since the third factor is not measured. For example, the fundamental model of a controller does not need to use a thermo sensor and will operate continuously under assumption of a specific operating temperature. One of the groups of the table in a controller is known as an EO ("electrooptics") table. This table is arranged from 0% (dark) of transparency to 100% (transparent). Each input contains the optimal frequency and voltage which set a specific manufacturer's glass to the given transparency level and which are accumulated and boiled. If temperature is not taken into consideration by operation of the controller of this version, it is this EO table in the two-dimensional state. [0095] In order to set various parameters which control SPD material, it adds to using this algorithm and internal table, This controller can change the parameter setting of a controller dynamically based on the feedback and measurement from the sensor connected to the AfD input of a controller. For example, a light source and a photo cell, a photo-transistor, or other optical photo detectors may be used in order to turn the light of the specific strength which transmits the changing SPD material to the photoelectric element which will detect the actual light level. EO table used in order to switch SPD material to a specific level does not need to have an element of temperature in the input of a table. However, since the light / photoelectric element logic of a controller can measure time until a actual transparency level is attained, actual switching time can be measured by measuring how much time a controller requires in order to make the transparency level of a request of glass reach. By getting to know this time, the controller algorithm can determine good frequency and voltage rather than driving glass, in order to reduce switching time to a desired level. this device to measure is selection -- it is used for generating the feedback loop for regulating a free parameter automatically. [0096] An intelligent controller can be reduced to a value still smaller than the value attained by operating SPD material in the optimal frequency and voltage to the given transparency level at the temperature which was able to give the amount of used electricity of SPD material. The controller may change the duty cycle of a power output, without maintaining SPD material to fixed alternating current power. The logic in a controller can reduce the number of the perfect waveform cycles which are given and are generated over time. Therefore, if the number of cycles 'm' usually occurs in time 't', in order to attain a duty coefficient 50%, the cycle in every one is disregarded and electric power is not supplied in these cycles. It is a target that only the 'n' cycle generally maintains electric power operation for every 'm' cycle in order to reduce electric power. A flicker which can be recognized visually in some points of SPD material may be checked. Another three-dimensional table which specifies the permissible smallest duty cycle corresponding to the given transparency level to the third parameter like operating temperature by experiment is pulled out. [0097] Other mixed operational modes become clear by utilizing the side surface of a different graph about the characteristics as a result of the analysis of the three-dimensional graph of the parameter in which an experiment and operation are possible, an experiment, and analysis. 2 seconds as appropriate switching speed from the dark condition in a room temperature to a transparent state can be attained in 60 Hz and 20-100 volts of exchange. the more nearly optimal energy performance does not make it produce 60 Hz or less and with after SPD material -- many -- 30 Hz comes out and it is attained. Although the higher frequency (400 Hz) can switch SPD-


material early more, in order to give an effect to switching, much electric power is used. switching speed by shifting to high frequency by while changing from one transparency level to another transparency level, [ optimize and ] In order to maintain the transparency set up in low electric power, when reducing frequency to the frequency of the range in which lower setting out is possible, a controller uses these factors. [0098] If it is a person skilled in the art, without separating from technical scope of the present invention included by attached Claims, you can understand easily the improvement about a countless obvious modification and present invention, without experimenting more than needed. [Brief Description of the Drawings] [0099] The present invention is described about the figures in some Drawings below. [Drawing 1] Fig.1 is a figure showing the SPD window controller under the hand regulation from one outside device. [Drawing 2] Fig.2 is the controller of Fig.1 by which the photo cell or other photosensors for detecting the luminosity of the sunlight irradiated to the window under control were added. [Drawing 3] Fig.3 is the "intelligent controller" generated by incorporating the microprocessor which performs not only "extended type network" operation of a controller but the function in which many supporting the capability of the controller refined more differ. The additional input from a sensor extends the data which may be used in order that an "extended type controller" may determine. [Drawing 4] Fig.4 shows an "intelligent controller" provided with two or more manual input under direct control of the controller set up by the user using the setup procedure in the control software which crawled on one again and is connected with the window frame of shoes. At once, one single manual input may control one window or two, three, or four windows as if it was like a portion of one SPD glass. In order that one or more manual input may support the manual control which operates from the point from which the same room differs, it may be used for controlling the group of the same glass. [Drawing 5]four window frames [ in / in Fig.5 / this example ] differ -- combine -- and the set of an individual frame -- which -- combine -- the setting method of the software with which it permits it being alike, and it also being related and treating as one glass frame is shown. [Drawing 6] Fig.6 shows one of the earliest packet switching or mesh networks in which the data which may be transmitted along with the alternate path which passes along an intermediate node is contained, in order to reach the purpose point. This is an example of 4 node type ARPANET in 1969, and serves as a forerunner of today's Internet. A host computer transmits data to other host computers in this network, Although it is not the purpose point, service of the "interface message processor" (IMP) which transmits a data packet to the desired purpose host to other IMPs (plurality) which will relay the packet in the direction of IMP by which direct continuation was carried out further is used. [Drawing 7] Fig.7 shows the packet-switching mesh network in which the specific processing application operates on the same computer by which packet switching software by the combination of the host and IMP function in the early ARPANET system is performed and which progressed further. On the single plat form, the improvement in microprocessor capability enabled combination of these functions. Wherever it may be [ of the country ] placed instead of one city exactly about the radio calling (pager) system of the isolated "city scale", in order to convert this to the nationwide network which can alarm to someone, It is an example of the


"radio calling network" application which uses the DLH protocol created by the inventor. "ARPANET" and the "Internet" use a formal routing protocol standard like RIP, in order to maintain the best route list to the destination dynamically in each node. DLH uses the routing protocol of original specification, in order to maintain Liszt of main routes and an alternate route. It took to the "wireless paging industrial standard TNPP protocol" which helped for that inventor to create the DLH network of that original specification after all, it was replaced, and the industrial committee where that inventor became the chairperson has promoted use of this protocol between things for 11 years or more. The TNPP protocol was used with the original specification routing protocol peculiar to a manufacturer, in order to maintain the best path and alternate path to each objective node. [Drawing 8] Fig.8 shows the "extended type controller" network which comprises an "intelligence controller" of the Fig.3 united with the radio receiver-transmitter which transmits a data packet to other transmitter-receivers with which the "extended type controller" node was equipped.The routing data similar to the Internet REP maintains the list of the best next nodes for receiving the data on the path to an objective node in an each "controller" node. Unlike the network of Fig.6 and the cable of 7, the radio network of Fig.8 may receive sometimes appropriately the data by which the address was carried out to a node which is different rather than the received data.In this case, that received data is disregarded by the node which is not the following node which was along the optimal path to the purpose point, or is thrown away. [Drawing 9] Fig.9 shows an example of the network of Fig.8 with which the "building control point" is connected to one of the network nodes.The BCP is a data-processing site for determining the portion of the building automatically set as specific opacity also in when of day and night. ** of "data-processing" system connected to the remote central monitoring service which supervises operation of an "SPD building skin C-system" instead of the Internet and many building owners arbitrarily is also good. [Drawing 10]Since it will secure that all the systems continue operation normally even if first BCP may stop functioning, Fig.10 shows an example of the redundancy "building control point (BCP)" supported in a network. [Drawing 11] Fig.11 shows whether a different region like a building throat includes the "hierarchical control point" of a different type for supervising operation of the "extended type controller" in a portion with a building. [Drawing 12] Fig.12 is "hierarchical" mapping of a "control point" and how, It is shown whether it distributes to the "control point" of a lower level logically rather than the command most generated in the "control point" of an upper level has set to the lower level layer level further logically and distributes the command to many elements increasingly. [Drawing 13] Fig.13 shows a "building control point" interface provided with "the intelligent energy C-system (IECS)" through an XML interface. [Drawing 14]A way changes how as the sun which crosses empty, and Fig.14 shows how the sunlight of a day pours into the window of a building. Since the earth revolves the surroundings of the sun around the sun, a way changes little by little on one year of each day as the sun. To every latitude and longitude on a planet, the way is well known as crossed. [Drawing 15] Fig.15 shows five controllers which control 24 window frames, respectively. [Drawing 16] Fig.16 shows the character "E" formed in the pixel arrangement of seven lines which has a boundary, and five rows. [Drawing 17] Fig.17 shows a light effect which is different only severalpercent from the next window frame in each window frame.


[Drawing 18] Fig.18 shows the controller which transmits a command to the decoder which transmits two or more commands to two or more windows one by one. [Drawing 19] Fig.19 shows two "the extended type controllers (SC)" which comprises an "intelligent controller" of the Fig.1 united with the LAN interface so that Paquette could be transmitted to "the master control point (MCP)" on LAN. [Drawing 20] Fig.20 shows the "bridge" which may be taken in in order to add another LAN segments for expanding LAN size, when LAN has reached the maximum capability for cable length. [Drawing 21] Fig.21 shows how to expand the size of a local network further, when LAN segments and the bridge, or the number of arrangement of a repeater has reached the maximum. [Drawing 22] Fig.22 shows the logical connection which forms the class of a control point, in order to reduce the communication load to the point from the point in MCP which transmits a command to all the SCs in a building. [Drawing 23] Fig.23 shows how the "master control point" which supplies central-control intelligence to all the individual windows in one building can connect with outside "intelligent energy C-system" via an XML link. The external system can change operation, when the place where the window changed is got to know. An external system may receive a sensor input via MCP, and in order to change setting out of some windows or all the windows under the control, it may take out a command to MCP. When an external system begins to transmit suitable control commands on IECS create [ a better algorithm ], MCP has a choice which changes operation of a window under the IECS command. [Drawing 24] Fig.24 shows the main blocks which constitute an "extended type controller." [Drawing 25] Fig.25 shows one of the typical three-dimensional tables of the data programmed in a controller in order to operate a controller. Such a table provides the information on the correlation of three variables which control operation of the glass of an SPD base together.

[Translation done.]

* NOTICES *



TECHNICAL FIELD

[Field of the Invention] [0001]


(Cross-reference of related application) The claim of this application, American patent application serial numbers 60/596, 198 which were filed on September 8, 2005 of the Title of invention "the extended type system which comprises equipment which makes a single SPD device control such two or more devices that are brought into a wireless mesh packet switch network, and operate", "SPD glass. American patent application serial numbers 60/721 filed on September 28, 2005 of the Title of invention the multimedia video display-oriented electronic controller and radio network" to be used, 731, and the window which uses "SPD as a base. It has American patent application serial numbers 60/597 filed on November 14, 2005 of the Title of invention extended type system [ for controlling the solar heat in the object for habitation and the building for commerce to be used ]", and a preference of 162, Let each U.S. patent application be Reference documents here for all the purposes.

[Translation done.]

* NOTICES *



PRIOR ART

[Background of the Invention] [0002] (The background of invention) The light bulb has been used in order to carry out light modulation over 60 years or more. The light bulb used here is formed with two walls which only a slight distance left, at least one wall is transparent and two walls are defined as a cell in which the electrode of the usually transparent conductive film appears. An optical modulator may be contained in the cell ("activable die materials" may be called below here), and they may be plastic films in which the droplet of the particles of suspension or suspension particles is distributed. [0003] This suspension (a "liquid light bulb suspension" or a "light bulb suspension" may be called hereafter.) has the particles of the small anisotropic configuration dispersed in the liquid suspension medium. In the state where electric field are not applied, according to the structure of a cell, the property of particles and an aggregation, and the amount of luminous energies, it is reflected, and the light which was conjectured that the particles in suspension exist in a random position by Brownian motion, for this reason entered into the cell is transmitted or absorbed.


[0004] For this reason, in an OFF state, a light bulb is comparatively dark. However, if electric field are applied via the liquid light bulb suspension in a light bulb, particles come to be aligned and almost all lights can transmit the cell for many suspensions. Thus, in the case of an ON state, a light bulb becomes comparatively transparent. In the case of the ON state, the light bulb of the type described here is well known also as a "suspension particle device" or "SPD (plurality)." More generally the word "suspension particle device" has pointed out which device which has a suspension particle which aligns so that light may transmit the device, when electric field are applied as used here. [0005] The use very in many uses containing the window, skylight, and sunroof in which a light bulb controls a window, a skylight and the light volume to which a sunroof is transmitted, or the light volume reflected from them depending on the case has been proposed. Although the word "light" currently used here has generally pointed out the electric field radiation which can be recognized visually, it is not limited to "light" applicable here and them, but can include other types of electric field radiation like infrared radiation and ultraviolet radiation. [0006] SPD is laminated between two pairs of glass, or a plastic, and serves as those internal layers. Such a combination is sometimes called an "SPD-film." [0007] Now, such SPD (plurality) is being included in glass so that the light volume which transmits glass based on the characteristic of the electrical and electric equipment which passes along glass may be controlled minutely. At least one control method by which such glass and the opacity of this glass, or the degree of light transmission may be controlled, It describes in the Malvino United States patent numbers 6, 897, and 997 (Patent document 1) currently called as a Malvino patent, and 6, 804 and 040 (Patent document 2) collectively. However, a device assumed by Malvino is fit for controlling manually a window of a small number which is together with a device.On the other hand, for example there is not only no extendibility, but An automobile, a marine marine vessel, a train, Or intelligence which automated for controlling actively and dynamically environment of a window of environment of a window more numerous than some windows on an airplane and an object for habitation provided with an SPD window mentioned above, a building for commerce, or a skyscraper is not provided, either.

[0008] A Malvino patent provides the basic theory which drives SPD glass by the change of potential in the specific frequency which tends to be made dark, in order to interrupt almost all the lights that make glass familiar with a transparent direction, or transmit glass. This device can map the nonlinearity of SPD to the value of the linearity range considered to set up glass to 100% from about 0%. Probably this linearity range is divided into a series of discontinuous small setting out corresponding to six different opacity levels, the combination of six specific resistance and capacitors is included in an embodiment, and in order to set up the suitable voltage corresponding to the related degree of coloring, that linearity range is chosen manually. In order that it may change the light volume permitted directly through this enforcement that linearity manual control means, such as a slide switch or a revolving dial, transmit glass always, it may be added to a Malvino controller.


[0009] The Malvino patent is examining how to use some specific frequency which drives an SPD device. The tendency to have a somewhat low energy use curve has the drive of the device in low frequency about Power needed since an SPD device is driven as it describes in the Malvino patent. It argued about the frequency in the range of 15 to 60 Hz. When it drives for the SPD controller mentioned above on such frequency, there is a serious potential problem in it. When a controller drives on the specific frequency within the limits of it, an SPD device will act as "Synge" and may be heard as a tone of B flat range. Generally, the window controlled by SPD is a form of the transparent miler (trademark) to whom the SPD emulation was applied, and comprises SPD die materials in the state where it was inserted into the glass of two sheets. Fundamentally, with the glass of both sides, an SPD device sets space, is held, and is inserted with the glass. When 50/60 Hertz current flows between the inserted SPD materials, people who are near the window as a ham which in a certain case a miler (trademark) sympathizes with drive frequency, begins to vibrate, and gets annoyed may hear it. [Description of the Invention]

[Translation done.]

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TECHNICAL PROBLEM

[Problem to be solved by the invention] [0010] The important problem in large-scale global deployment of an SPD window (plurality) is how to wire in the object for habitation, and the building for commerce, in order that a certain "central intelligence" may operate each window (plurality). There is no concept which wires a window from a certain control room in a building today. Since ****** called what 1000 probably needs to understand and study a demand required for wiring of a new building, when adopting SPD glass all over the world, it is not preferable to introduce the new demand to wiring of a building. in order "to wire" "central intelligence" in each window for the moment -- what kind of -- others -- though technology is adopted, in order not to forbid use of SPD glass, or there is [ whether it is or ] nothing -- ** -- training of a degree [ from ] -- and it must be comparatively at low lost. [Patent document 1]


United States patent 6th, No. 897 or 997 [Patent document 2] United States patent 6th, No. 804 or 040

[Translation done.]

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MEANS

[Means for solving problem] [0011] (Outline of invention) Since the present invention absorbs or reflects sunlight by the method that the energy expenditure of a structure is reduced dramatically, It is related with the equipment relevant to the mesh networking software arranged and installed in the large-scale for controlling dynamically "skin (skin)" of the object for habitation, and the building for commerce all day long in which wireless is possible. To the individual device which controls one or the window beyond it, By granting a permission, operating as relay points which transmit a control signal to the individual controller or controller group which will bring about a desired change from the intelligent control point in a "building skin C-system", Integration of a mesh network reduces the cost which develops such control. Since the present invention absorbs or reflects sunlight by the method that the energy expenditure of a structure is reduced dramatically, further, In order to control dynamically the glass window of the object for habitation, and the building for commerce all day long, it is related with the network relevant to a control device and "suspension particle device" "suspension particle device" control device which arrange on a large scale and are installed. Use of the hierarchical distributed system which covers LAN or WAN, Time to transmit the command for setting each window to a specific opacity level to all the window controllers in a structure from a central intelligence point, i.e., a "master building control point", is reduced. [0012] The device described here corrects a "singing (singing)" problem by providing the option which drives an SPD device in the variable frequency in the low frequency range rather than single specific frequency. Instead of using the SPD drive frequency which changes continuously arbitrarily, in 1 second, some cycles may be dropped at random or a "controller" may carry out a


phase shift. The "ringing effect" will be removed although this change/shift are not sufficient to say clearly that it is remarkable. The system by the present invention which is probably shown below expands a scale to the building of the size exceeding Taipei 101 provided with 32000 windows in the Xinyi District area in Taipei which is a building provided with the most numerous window from single window environment in the present world like. [0013] The present invention provides the control range of SPD far exceeding the control range which exists from the former. The intelligence to which "SC" and **** extend the performance of the conventional controller for the "extended type controller" alias in the present invention far is provided. In the conventional enforcement, the single controller may be controlling some glass from one. The number of some is a comparatively small number like eight pieces here, and each square is connected to the controller with the cable. The setting stage about the relation the manual external control which is a relation which a user may set up or some individual manual control, and that which window or two or more windows can be controlled from the manual setting by the "extended type" controller is provided further. So that the user who calls four windows A, B, C, and D here may be controlled as a window with the single window AB in setting out of four windows in the basis of an "extended type controller" and window CD may be controlled as other single windows. Or it may set up so that window ABC may be controlled as a single window and the window D may be controlled as other single windows, or so that it may be controlled as a window with the single window ABCD or the window ABCD may be controlled as four separate windows. [0014] This system adjusts setting out of each window in a building with an intelligent (intellectual) method from the central intelligence point known as a "master building control point." This system will carry out intelligent determination based on many factors containing **** which is real time so that it may permit that an appropriate quantity of visible light transmits each window, in order to pull out the advantage of the thermal effect of sunlight to the utmost. [0015] The capability for SC exceeding the conventional invention to have been reinforced gives a thing required to control completely all the operational parameters which affect the characteristic of SPD. When controlling a haze and transparency, this kind of control exists in each SC, in order to optimize the efficiency of SPD with the switching speed which took potentially use of electric power, or external atmospheric temperature into consideration. [0016] The flexibility of SC and the networking capability of SC correspond also to the coloring sequence of a special light, or the display of a text message as an end of a multimedia presentation. Such a multimedia display will change the window which probably met the appearance of the building for clerical work in accordance with change of "Christmas music" during a leave period. Probably, in the small version of the scale of such a system, it will also be possible to provide one text display over two or more small SPD pixels in the box on a desk which moves. These various uses are reflecting the flexibility and importance of the present invention. [Best Mode of Carrying Out the Invention] [0017] (DETAILED DESCRIPTION) By including a "microprocessor" in an "extended type controller", the function and flexibility of


a device are dramatically extended also about the use not only in the data point in such a lot of controllers but stand-alone environment. In the basis of intelligent control, a lot of controllers of the can convert the skin (skin) of the building for administration buildings dramatically so that control which is unprecedented about the energy consumption of a building may be carried out. Even if it is stand-alone environment, SC ("extended type controller") is programmable to reduce the energy consumption of the room where SC is used. SC is made into automatic mode in the bottom of manual control, and operation which is mentioned later is possible, and it does not make and matter. [0018] Although there are probably some methods of realizing the same function, in the enforcement described here, an end user can set up a suitable data processing program about the angle of the window from the direction and vertical direction of a window from latitude, longitude, and north. This program can generate the profile which can be downloaded to SC which uses set up data. This set up data determines the position of the window (single or multiple) on the earth under control, and, as a result, determines the angle of the window from the sun also in when of that day to each window. In SC, the time and date clock operates so that a window (single or multiple) may be driven based on the position on time, a current day, and a planet. The window which is carrying out the surface to the sun directly is set as the greatest opacity, the window of the angle of the direction which separates from the sun reduces opacity, and the window of the opposite side of a building becomes transparent completely at 1:00 p.m. on July 2 in Manhattan of a New York. Each window changes according to the incorporated profile as the sun crosses empty. On the other hand, the window which faces the sun becomes transparent at 1:00 p.m. on July 2 in Sydney in Australia so that the initial complement of the heater in a building can be reduced by warming the window upon which direct sunlight is shining using the sun. The window of the opposite side of a building becomes dark in order to maintain the heat which was confined the building [ into ]. The photo cell connected to SC will serve as an externals sensor input for SC to adjust the present opacity still more precisely based on present clouds and weather state. Sidereal information is well known from before, and since during what century is computable, the sidereal information itself may be included in SC device as a profile. The weather state which may interrupt the sun is random and is an occurrence generated in real time. [0019] Although such intelligent control operates some windows autonomously, in big enforcement of a scale, it is desirable to put all the segments of the window of a building on the basis of systematic control. In a comparatively big environmental type, more intelligent determination of opacity can be made within a time for every segment of a building at every point using the profile of each window according to the rather than thing for which real time data processing is performed. As for SC of the present invention, it is possible to make it extend, in order to carry out such mode operation. [0020] This system eliminates all the building wiring problems substantially by making all the SPD windows into a central control. Each "extended type controller" is equipped with the effective radio receiver-transmitter in low power consumption, a low data rate, and the limited range. These radios receiver-transmitter can communicate on one, or the radio receiver-transmitter and point-to-point base beyond it in other "the extended type controllers (plurality)" arranged in surrounding three-dimensional space of each controller. SC microprocessor is further equipped with mesh networking software. Such type software has continued existing during long years,


taking various forms. A radio receiver-transmitter transmits and receives the data packet formatted specially in between [ mutual ]. The data used in order that a certain packet may operate the mesh network itself is included, and other packets include the control information on sensor data or a window. A routing control packet is a kind of the mesh control packet transmitted. It is possible that each SC is the "node" in a mesh network. Routing information is used as permit information in each node. From a window controller, the permit information is shown and the route which can be moved to the window controller which exists between others by data the route, being specific -- each -- a window -- a controller -- the middle -- it is -- middle -- a window -- a controller -- between -- it is -- " -- "-- hierarchical -- a control point -- " (HCP) -- " -- or it is along the path from HCP. In contrast with a window controller node, HCP is a position of a special data processing node, and can adjust change of the opacity of the window corresponding to some segments of a building. Some "office control points" (OCP), a "section control point" (SCP), A "region control point" (RCP), a "floor control point" (FCP), a "multi-floor control point" (MCP), and the single "building control point" (BCP) may be in typical building environment. Single "control point" may exist in small-scale enforcement, and the "control point" of all the types may exist in very large-scale enforcement. Use of additional "control point" decreases the communication overhead of a mesh network, and decreases time delay after the command which modulates the opacity of a window is transmitted until each window actually operates. In the working example of the present invention, it can become the "control point" via which the command to which SC of every window is transmitted from a "building control point" goes. Although a "building control point" is an "intelligent data processing system", The lower hierarchical control point is provided with a command and operation with a specific, comparatively small scale, and can be easily treated by the "microprocessor" in any window SCs. In enforcement of largest-scale "extended type controller network", BCP can give information so that setting out of each window in all the floors may be changed to a "multi-floor control point" (MCP). That MCP will transmit this demand to each FCP (plurality), FCP (plurality) will transmit that demand to RCP (plurality), and RCP (plurality) will transmit that command to SCP (plurality). And SCP (plurality) will be transmitted to OCP (plurality) which orders to perform change required of each window controller in an office in the command. A command will be simultaneously transmitted in a different region without network overlap by the expansion to the major node in each level of a class. Then, since a command passes through between intermediate nodes, without there being no queue delay or hardly generating, as for an appearance top, a demand is performed simultaneously all over the building. [0021] Generally, the window controller is not necessarily carrying out the wireless communication directly with the position in the building where HCP may be placed. However, probably, generally all the controllers are in the range which can perform some of other window controllers and wireless communications. It permits that mesh network software is transmitted to some adjacent node along the path with which it leads to an objective node eventually [ a data packet ] from a source node via a series of hop which passes along an intermediate node. Generally for the multiplex path which exists between nodes, data can be sent all over the network regions which may pass a wireless interface temporarily. Resending and authentication of the data of point-to-point communication guarantee that data is not missing by the following node from one node in the network which received the transmitted data. When such recognition is not received, a node may transmit the data on the alternate path to the purpose point. When the segment of a


radio network is isolated, a packet hop number guarantees that the packet which will not reach the last purpose point of the packet is deleted from a network. Since possibly data was missing for the specific wireless communication failure which generates the isolated subnetwork, the authentication between terminations makes a source node and an objective node recognize the time of all being resent just as it is of data. The report process included in the "building controller", The node in a network is supervised, mutually related data is collected, and in order to support the installer which guarantees that all the nodes can communicate with a "class control point", a window controller address is taken into consideration. If it is discovered that the portion with the whole network is isolated from other portions, in order to provide bridge points for data to move to other network segments from one network segment, A node special to the region on the geography between the segments which exist in a network may be incorporated. In order to carry out the bridge of the segment isolated generally together, there should be at least two nodes. The bridge (plurality) is only the window "extended type controller (plurality)" connected to no SPD window. [0022] An "extended type controller" may be provided with the sensor various type which may be used for controlling the energy consumption in a building more finely. A photoelectric element may be arranged on each SPD glass, and may be connected to the SC (Fig.2 and three references). a building control point "BCP" -- in order that [ which may be instructed so that sensor data may be periodically transmitted to all SC to BCP ] it may carry out and BCP may read a photoelectric element and other sensor data, each SC may be polled periodically. BCP knows the position and window address of the latitude of the structure of a building, the compass bearing which the window faces, and a building and longitude, the angle from the vertical direction of each window, and a unique node through the first system construction procedure in BCP. The input from the photoelectric element in a building accepts using the voting technology for determining the best region of the building which increases or decreases opacity, in order that BCP may reduce the total amount of the energy which a building requires for heating and air conditioning. If the compass which can be read, and a glass angle detection device are included in each SC, the modeling process for controlling each window more correctly about a building will be simplified by providing this setup information directly. [0023] In BCP, it has permitted granting a preference special [ in time a day to be and one year of a number of days ] about some buildings to a system operator. This may be used in order to specify the region of the building which receives the glare by the reflected light from the geographical features or other buildings of the range. The characteristics of a preference will be permitting the thing which exist in order to usually decrease the glare in the portion of a building about a transparent window and which is made dark period probably. Therefore, while the region with a building comes under automatic control, other segments of the building may come under a preference state specially simultaneously. The combination which each control compounded may become effective simultaneously. [0024] Many "green (Green)" buildings have already taken in an intelligent energy C-system like the Honeywell enterprise building integrator (EBI). About reduction of the energy requirement to circulation of a fresh air, stinking thing removal of a building, control of the amount of electric [ used ], and a free space, a building HVAC system is operated, the /surveillance of it is done, and these types of system does /control of it. These highest-class systems have also taken in


detection, fire protecting door control, and the yard broadcasting system of crime prevention of a building, in-and-out management and surveillance, asset-management, fire, and smoke. The present invention is the method which was never able to be carried out before, and extends the function of these systems of the latest style. These systems may be optimizing solar use according to movement of a building of surrounding heat, and change of air conditioning, and may be able to control skin (skin) of a building dynamically efficiently all day long. Since the combination of both systems controls the multiple subsystem of a building directly by a systematic method, it provides the increase in efficiency of a level still higher than the increase in efficiency of the level in which the window by which it was controlled singly or the window by which BCP control was carried out is possible. [0025] In the example of the present invention, BCP will supply the XML interface to the external system, in order to supply additional sensor data to an external system, and in order that an external system may permit requiring adjustment of the luminous energy level in a building in the form of a high level. BCP receives the demand from an XML link, since change required by outside "intelligent energy C-system" (IECS) is produced, interprets them and performs them by transmitting a suitable command with a hierarchical network. When operating in this Mohd, the automatic control of BCP is disregarded. The intermittent "heartbeat" transmission of the XML command or an XML response over a BCP/IECS link guarantees that two systems maintain a synchronization and carry out operation which cooperated. When a heartbeat is lost, the BCP can return to automatic mode, and it operates a building independently until an IECS system returns to on-line. [0026] The present invention uses the radio receiver-transmitter with which the low cost, the low power consumption, and the communication-range range which were installed together with each window controller device were restricted, in order to build the large-scale radio network between all the windows in the object for habitation, or the building for commerce. Since the window in a building generally has each in less than 10 meters, the transmitter-receiver with which the communication-range range was restricted conforms completely to this environment. While the microprocessor driven with software in each controller operates the local application function of a controller, A source node and an objective node perform simultaneously wireless packet switching type software used in order to transmit the message from the source node in a building to an objective node, even if it is a case where direct communication is not carried out mutually, since a mutual distance is far. The data which should be moved to an objective node from a source node is transmitted to the radio receiver-transmitter of wireless possible others which was along the path which is transmitted to a wireless possible transmitter-receiver from a source node, and is made to arrive to the objective node of a request of the packet-ized data. [0027] the technology of moving a message to a target computer from a source computer via the middle point under arrangement to which many computers are connected is first -- it is called "packet switching" and was characterized [ first ] by ARPANET in 1969 which is the past of the Internet. The Fig.6 which is 4 node network of typical ARPANET which was able to operate in December, 1969, By passing data to IMP63 by which data is passed to the interface message processor (IMP) 61 which will transmit data to IMP62, and the purpose host 163 in a data packet, Probably, it was possible to have transmitted a data packet to the host 163 potentially from the host 161. The same data from the host 161 to the host 163 could be transmitted through


IMP64 which transmits data to IMP63 instead of using the missing link directly, when IMP62 detects the thing with the link of IMP63 which is not done for a fixed time function. The concept of a packet switch network is arranging the alternate path for making Paquette reach to ** and the final purpose point which were the cases where it will be in the state where service with some individual communication paths cannot be performed. A certain packet network used specific routing table, in order to determine an alternative data path, when link lack takes place, and it is provided with the algorithm which determines the time when a first path or alternate path should be used. Other packet networks have the routing information which is periodically updated between the nodes which adjoined in order to maintain continuously the best route list to all the last objective nodes in a network and which is updated dynamically. [0028] By the progress in hardware and software, separation with a host (application processor) and the packet switching network of a node ("interface-message-processor"-IMP (plurality)) already became unnecessary. By the message which passes the network which had permitted that a message was always distributed locally instead of passing very expensive Kohl (it can set to that time) by long distance communication, The 1980 ITT-DTS fax pack facsimile store-and-forward-switching packet switching system was unified by the application which provides the compatibility between the fax machines of the speed from which that time differs. In the "wide-area paging" network in Fig.7, every node in a network, The paging message specified by dial-in telephone call (telephone number), Receiving the text message received from an operator or the message received from a remote node, and the paging message which will be coded and transmitted in the objective node was operating the permitted application. In order to call human being in two or more cities, the packet switching software which operated by the same node was instructed so that a paging application packet might be sent to a suitable objective node or two or more objective nodes. [0029] The packet network is operating by the permanent communication circuit between the nodes in a city different generally. It has just recently been arranged by the radio-receiver-transmitter network using a radio link instead of the same multi-path packet switching technology being cable Rink between node pairs. These wireless packet switching systems came to be known as a mesh network. The same two-dimensional wiring communication circuit as Fig.7 is different, and the radio devices in a mesh network permit the point-to-point communication in the three-dimensional region of each node. The window which has each window several feet left or in the right from a specific window in the office environment which may show a node can be considered as a potential intermediate node not only as a window which is on the story of on several times or the bottom potentially from a specific window. [0030] The next to which header Paquette in each transmitting Paquette was along the path to the source node address, the purpose node address, and the objective node in this working example The address of a hopping point is specified. When this "extended type controller" transmits information to other points in a network, this data is transmitted into a three dimension. Many receivers will detect interference in the data which a receiver receives, and will disregard the received data. Some of other receivers may receive Paquette who has a transmission error. Only the node instructed by Paquette received correctly will hold the Paquette, And the node will analyze the Paquette and whether it being transmitted to the intermediate node of others which exist as a data item's is to the last objective node, and its Paquette will determine whether it


should treat with the application software in the node. [0031] A multiplex command is published, and in order to permit performing simultaneously in the point from which the network differs, a logical layered structure is brought to the network. A certain network node is specified only as "the class control point (HCP)" which transmits data to the "class control point" of a lower level more. After all, HCP of the lowest level transmits data only to the subset of all the "extended type controllers" in a network logically. It permits that this logical setting out permits that a single command is divided to a multiplex command, and each of these commands expands it to further more many multiplex commands, and the control message of the minimum number in the highest level controls the node of the maximum number by them. Therefore, one command which makes transparent all the windows in the segment of a building is published in the node of the highest level, and it will be transmitted to the node of the lower level rather than it is understood that it is required to transmit this command, in order to give an effect to the window of the request in a building. [0032] The sensor data consider that is an emergency data item which should reach on the other hand is an upper level more, and is further transmitted to an upper level HCP level until it is caught in individual "extended type controller" and a data item reaches HCP of the highest level. [0033] If it changes to Fig.1, the SPD window controller 2 under the hand regulation from the single outside device 1 will be referred to. It controls the window 5. [0034] Fig.2 shows the controller of Fig.1 by which the photo cell 10 for detecting the luminosity of the sunlight irradiated to the window 5 under control was added. [0035] Fig.3 is the "intelligent controller" produced by incorporating the microprocessor 3 which performs not only "extended type network" operation of a controller but the function in which many supporting the capability of the controller refined more differ. The additional input from the sensor 8 increases the data volume which may be used in order that an "extended type controller" may determine. [0036] Fig.4 shows an "intelligent intelligent controller" provided with two or more manual input 1 under direct control of the controller set up by the user using the setup procedure in the control software which crawled on one again and is connected with the window frame 51-54 of shoes. At once, one single manual input may control one window or two, three, or four windows as if it was like a portion of one SPD glass. In order that one or more manual input may support the manual control which operates from the point from which the same room differs, it may be used for controlling the group of the same glass. [0037] four window frames [ in / in Fig.5 / this example ] differ -- combine -- setup software is and like an individual window frame throat -- combine -- also treating a set as a single glass window frame is shown. About setting out of four windows in the basis of an "extended type controller", So that it may be controlled as a window with the single window AC which calls four windows A, B, C, and D here and window BD may be controlled as other single windows. Or a user may set up so that window BCD may be controlled as a single window and the window A may be controlled as other single windows, or so that it may be controlled as a window with the single


window ABCD or the window ABCD may be controlled as four separate windows. [0038] Fig.6 shows one of the early packet switching in which the data which may be transmitted along with the alternate path which passes along an intermediate node is contained, or the mesh networks, in order to reach the purpose point. This is a 4 node type "ARPANET" example in 1969, and serves as a forerunner of today's Internet. A host computer transmits data to other host computers in this network, In order to transmit a data packet to the desired purpose host 163 other EVIP62 which are not the purpose point which will relay the packet in the direction of specific IMP63 by which direct continuation was carried out further, and 64, service of "interface-message-processor (IMP)" 61 is used. [0039] Fig.7 shows the packet-switching mesh network in which the specific processing application operates on the same computer that is performing packet switching software by the combination of the function of the host and IMP in the early ARPANET system and which progressed further. On the single plat form, the improvement in microprocessor capability enabled combination of these functions. This the radio calling (pager) system by which the city scale was isolated, Wherever it may be [ of the country ] placed instead of one city exactly, it is an example of the "radio calling network" application which uses the DLH protocol generated by the inventor who converted into the nationwide network which can alarm to someone. ARPANET and the Internet use a formal routing protocol standard like RIP, in order to maintain the best route list to the destination dynamically in each node. DLH uses the routing protocol of original specification, in order to maintain the list of main routes and alternate routes. It was taken and changed to the wireless paging industrial standard TNPP protocol which helped for that inventor to create the DLH network of that original specification after all, and the industrial committee where that inventor became the chairperson has promoted use of this protocol between things for 11 years or more. The TNPP protocol was used with the original specification routing protocol peculiar to a manufacturer, in order to maintain the best path and alternate path to each objective node. The paging message generated in the node B72 may be transmited to other nodes 73 and 74 until it reaches the node 71 connected with the antenna which transmits information to the pager receiver 171 one after another. [0040] Fig.8 shows the "extended type controller" network which comprises an "intelligent controller" of the Fig.3 united with the radio receiver-transmitter which transmits a data packet to other transmitter-receivers with which the "extended type controller" node was equipped.The routing data similar to Internet RIP maintains the list of the best next nodes for receiving the data which is on the path to an objective node in an each "controller" node. Unlike the network of Fig.6 and the cable of 7, the radio network of Fig.8 may receive sometimes appropriately the data by which the address was carried out to a node which is different rather than the received data./In this case, that received data is disregarded by the node which is not the following node which was along the optimal path to the purpose point, and is thrown away. Each controller 81, 82, 83, and 84 has a controller, a microprocessor, and a radio receiver-transmitter. [0041] Fig.9 shows the example of the network of Fig.8 with which the "master building control point" (MBCP90) is connected to one of the network nodes.MBCP90 is a data-processing site which determines the portion of the building automatically set as the specific opacity of day and night always. "Data-processing" system may be connected to the remote central monitoring service 92


which supervises operation of an SPD building skin C-system instead of the Internet 91 and many building owners arbitrarily. [0042] Since it will secure that a system continues operation normally even if first BCP may stop functioning, Fig.10 shows the example of the redundancy "master building control point" (BCP) supported in a network. One MBCP (shown as a data processor.) is connected to the node 81, and second MBCP (similarly shown as a data processor.) is connected to the node 87. [0043] Fig.11 shows "the hierarchical control point" (HCP) of a different type which supervises operation of the "extended type controller" in a portion with the building which the region where buildings differ probably has. [0044] Fig.12 is "hierarchical" mapping of a "control point", The command most generated in the "control point" of an upper level shows logical further whether it distributes to the "control point" of a lower level rather than distributing a command to many elements increasingly in a lower level layer level how. Some "office control points" (OCP), a "section control point" (SCP), A "region control point" (RCP), a "floor control point" (FCP), a "multi-floor control point" (MCP), and one a "building control point" (BCP) may be in typical building environment. Single "control point" may exist in small-scale enforcement, and the "control point" of all the types may exist in very large-scale enforcement. Use of additional "control point" decreases the communication overhead of a mesh network, and decreases time delay after the command which modulates the opacity of a window is transmitted until each window actually operates. In the working example of the present invention, it can become the "control point" via which the command to which SC of every window is transmitted from a "master building control point" goes. Although a "master building control point" is an "intelligent data processing system", The lower hierarchical control point is provided with the command and operation with a specific, comparatively small scale which are easily treated by the "microprocessor" in any window SCs. In enforcement of the "extended type controller network" of an interim scale, MBCP can give information so that setting out of each window in all the floors may be changed to a "multi-floor control point" (MCP). That MCP will transmit this demand to each FCP(plurality)96.99, FCP (plurality) will transmit that demand to RCP (plurality) 97, 100, 101, and 102, and RCP (plurality) will transmit that command to SCP (plurality). And SCP (plurality) will be transmitted to OCP (plurality) which orders to perform change required of each window controller in an office (not clearly shown) in the command. A command will be simultaneously transmitted in a different region without network overlap by the expansion to the major node in each level of a class. Then, since a command passes through between intermediate nodes, without there being no queue delay or hardly generating, as for an appearance top, a demand is performed simultaneously all over the building. [0045] Fig.22 shows the logical connection which forms the class of a control point, in order to reduce the communication load to the point from a point of "multi-floor control point" MCP which transmits a command to all the SCs in a building. In the example currently disclosed, MCP transmits a command to two the "floor control points" (FCP) arranged the optimal on isolated LAN. Simultaneously, each FCP can relay a command to the section control point (SCP) which may transmit one command after another to an office control point (OCP). Each OCP may relay the command received simultaneously to one or more SCs in which each OCP has responsibility.


Eventually, although all the SCs will receive the command demanded, a hierarchical structure decreases the total number of times of data transmission which crosses the whole network, in order to reach each SC from MCP. [0046] Fig.13 shows "master building control point" 110 interface provided with "intelligent energy C-system" (IECS) 111 by XML interface 112 course. The "master building control point 204" which gives the central-control intelligence over all the individual windows in one building to details more Fig.23, Since a command is sent out to MBCP in order that an external system may receive a sensor input for MBCP by course and may change setting out of some windows or all the windows by Shimo of the control, It is shown how XML209 Rink is connectable with outside "intelligent energy C-system 210" by course. [0047] A way changes how as the sun which crosses empty, and Fig.14 shows how the sunlight of a day pours into the window of a building. Since the earth revolves the surroundings of the sun around the sun, a way changes for a while on one year of each day as the sun. It is well known to every latitude and longitude on a planet that a way will cross as the sun. [0048] The embodiment of others of the present invention makes arrangement of a window the part of a multimedia display. An office building is often ornamented by the method that the appearance of a city with an office building is improved. For example, in Houston, in order that many big buildings may form the outline which made the empty of the city in each evening the background, the outline of a building is drawn in the sequence of the small light on the circumference of each building. A specific light in a building will be blinked in the dead of night, in order that many buildings may display a certain pattern relevant to a holiday, when people are not mainly in a building a holiday. For example, in the window of a big building, the pattern of a cross or diamond form may appear as a part of true symbol of winter in the adjoining building between Christmas in the floor level with which buildings differ. [0049] This embodiment extends the function of MBCP so that it may be used as a part of video presentation. Since this controller has already had the capability for setting out like a throat to also change the window frame of every glass from a transparent state to any setting out under manual control or the automatic control from MBCP to a dark condition under control of a controller, even if it adds this performance, it is not affected by influence. Therefore, the application relevant to special energy efficiency nature may exist in MBCP in order to operate a window by a special method which is desired by a building operator. [0050] (Text message mode) Although two Mohd may operate simultaneously, there are two operational modes. First Mohd uses an SPD window, in order to form a message in a text display. In this very simple application, each SPD glass window frame shows 1 pixel of information. The number of dots for character on soft copy which has made the window frame size and character has specified whether the character in which it separated from the window how much, and the user was formed can be read clearly. In order for the square box by the window of 4 or 9 (two rows of two lines or three rows of three lines) individual to make individual pixel size increase in a certain case, it may be controlled as one pixel. Each controller receives the command from MBCP for setting up ON, OFF, or a certain amount of shade for a pixel. The six-line pixel arrangement of


eight rows forms one of characters or punctuations, and it may be made to contain one pixel in the circumference of each character by using 48 windows as a lot. [0051] The MBCP may operate by another Mohd and the message (or two or more messages) which should be displayed is given by an external system rather than the local console on MBCP in this case. The MBCP will support some interfaces for the message input. This includes the XML type command set between MBCP and an external system. The command set may operate on LAN connection, a serial port, an infrared port, or other physical means. The MBCP may be programmed by the character or language displayed or the sequence of a message, timing information, and the pixel starting position. Changing setting out of a window or a pixel at a specific ratio will give the feeling which a text message scrolls over some windows. This shifts setting out of one right-hand side window to one window on left-hand side, for example, and is performed by making one vertical direction sequence of the pixel data on the left-hand side of a display remove. The sequence of the pixel in the window of most right-hand side exists for the following character which should be displayed. This provides smooth scrolling to the left from the right. The character may be scrolled from the left in a similar way also on the right for the language written to the counter direction. The starting position of each text string may be specified that a message seems to start simultaneously on some story or some stories with a window. [0052] Probably, the logic in MBCP may be provided also with the characteristics of other text displays which utilize the performance of SPD glass. For example, a character appears upside down and the right may be changed upwards. Probably, the character will be good even if it rotates perpendicularly to along which sequence which forms each character. A pixel can be begun from a transparent state, and a character is formed by changing each pixel to a dark condition individually, the bottom passes from a top for a certain interesting special effect, or it can be formed upwards from the bottom. A word can be expressed on a display as a similar way. It is made dark from a center and is radiately made dark on left-hand side and right-hand side so that it may range from the left to the right, a pixel sequence may be made dark from the right to the left and it may meet in the center of a sentence. or -- a different start sequence is chosen -- a pixel -- one direction -- or it may spread radiately darkly in both directions like [ in the case of a character ]. In order to make it display on a display more interestingly rather than expressing a character as the given strength at once, there is no limitation in the combination of the possible method of presentation. of course, which of these special methods of presentation -- although -- it will become possible when an outside device drives the arrangement of SPD glass via an XML interface. [0053] This example may be miniaturized by more nearly small-scale application, although use of the SPD glass in an office building will be improved as a means to display a message and this example is based also on each glass window frame or pixel size. For example, a message may be scrolled over the atrium of SPD glass in right above people's head which stands under the atrium. Or if a very small glass window frame is used, the small animation display of SPD glass may be generated. [0054] (Video mode) The structure of an SPD window may be observed also as a lot of pixels by which each pixel can


be set as any shade levels with which the termination of the range is considered to be an OFF state or an ON state in the range from 0% to 100%. In order to provide the visual effect which delights people who are looking at such a display and which was constituted well at random [ many ], there is combination of setting out from which the luminous energy level over each pixel in large-scale arrangement differs without number. The set of a sequence with which many were programmed previously may be defined, and may be memorized by MBCP. Each sequence may provide some special visual effects in glass. A sequence may be defined as follows. - The flash plate from a state to a completely dark very bright state - Begin from a completely dark state and change into a transparent state slowly bright. - From left-hand side to right-hand side - From right-hand side to left-hand side - From a top to the bottom - From the bottom to a top - It is to the end from a center with how to enlarge a square. - From an end to a center - Checkerboard pattern - And many of other sequences [ many of ] [0055] MBCP will support many means to start a sequence, and it will support them so that the 'script' of the sequence set programmed previously can be saved and set. MBCP could be driven via the LAN connection part of a serial port or PC. MBCP can support actually the outside device which is the arrangement of a button and a switch, and pushing the combination and the button of switch setting out starts here the sequence programmed previously. Thus, in order that a laser beam may start the photoelectric condenser which was doubled with the music performance and which was programmed previously, a sequence "may be able to be performed, as for an operator" in accordance with alien-frequencies comfort the same with using a similar type panel for an operator being shown. It may be established off-line and the complicated arrangement of a new sequence may be transmitted to MBCP from an external system at any time. Some of these external sequences may be later memorized by MBCP, and they may be called by a reference number rather than the sequence downloads repeatedly from an outside device. When window arrangement is completely set as a dark condition for the further integration in multimedia environment, in order to display an animation in SPD glass, a video projector may be used potentially. This sequence will be required when the command which starts the display of a video data is transmitted to an external video projector. [0056] The arrangement of the pixel relevant to one momentary state of a sequence is set as a specific level by transmission of the wireless command to each controller required in order to make a related pixel suitable setting out. When the direct communication of the controller of a specific pixel cannot be directly carried out with the MBCP from the wireless interface in MBCP, the wireless command, It may be received via one of the intermediate nodes (two or more intermediate nodes) or controllers (two or more controllers) in arrangement (mesh packet network). [0057] The capability to provide a visual special effect in the window arrangement of MBCP is further strengthened by the set of the special interface supported by MBCP. This MBCP may be expressed as a controllable lighting system to the lighting industrial standard DMX based on an


"intelligent C-system." These systems have already supported generation and memory of a script with the special effect supporting multimedia lighting Shaw. [0058] (X.10 control of an SPD window) The controller of the present invention may operate on the radio network supporting automatic remote control in large-scale building environment. However, a solution like the plan for [ which has 16 windows about ] habitation according [ in / depend and / small environment ] to this wireless control may become what has a very high price in a certain situation. In order to solve this situation, there are other embodiments of an extended type controller. Instead of unifying for a controller the radio transmitter and receiver which were mentioned above, the present invention equips an above-mentioned controller with the interface which can receive X.10 control signal via 110-volt exchange or a 220-volt alternating-current-power line. X. The term of validity has ended now the United States patent which had protected 10 communications protocols. The interface which is compatible with X.10 from a certain thing at low lost has the number of products which has the existing compatibility at present during the period which has existed, the acquisition ease of X.10 controller which transmits a control signal on a power line, and desirable them. Fig.18 shows the controller 181 which transmits a command to the X.10 decoder 182 which transmits X.10 signal and transmits one command after another to the window 183. X. The option of 10 interfaces will be provided on the controller circuit card which operates one or two glass windows or more. Each controller will operate via the power line by which direct continuation is carried out to 110-volt exchange or a 220-volt alternating-current-power line. 256 windows may be controlled in this environment. Each window controller will be specified by "X.10 characters" (a home / network ID) and a "numbered code" (device ID). The window controller will look for a command signal like an ON signal, an OFF signal, DIM and a UP signal, and DIM and a DOWN signal, when a window controller refers to the address on power line Buss. In a controller, an ON signal will be performed as a signal which sets a window as a dark condition completely. The OFF signal will be interpreted as what sets a window as a completely transparent state. A controller maintains setting out of the present window by Shimo of the control. DIM and a UP command make the darkness of a window increase in the direction of 0 to 100% slowly, and DIM and a DOWN command will decrease darkness slowly, and will make the window transparence more. All the X.10 devices which can transmit these four signals to all of 256 possible X. 10 addresses can control all the SPD windows. X. Ten controller exists now, in order to transmit these four signals by manual control Shimo, or in order to program so that a computer transmits a command to the specific time of a day. This provides a very brief means to control a small number of SPD devices locally. X. Probably, the similar interface which supports some wireless exchange to ten device, Z-Wave, Insteon, and 802.11.15ZigBee exists. [0059] Fig.15 shows five controllers which control 24 windows or window frames, respectively. As for these window frames, A and B may be adjacent to mutually, respectively, and E and D may be physically arranged, as it is under A and B directly. This will form the eight-line pixel arrangement of 12 rows. The command from MBCP will be transmitted to the wireless mesh network via a local transmitter and M. The controller B cannot be reached although it may be able to communicate with the controller D directly. Therefore, a pixel is set up so that a command may be relayed to the node controller B via the node controller C. In order to control setting out in the node A, a command may communicate via the path M, D, and E, A or the path M, D, and B, A or the path M, C, and B, and A, for example.


[0060] Fig.16 has one window or a pixel on the boundary of left-hand side and the upper part, and shows the character "E" formed during the pixel arrangement of the window which became dark of seven lines and five rows. [0061] Fig.17 shows the adjacent window frame and each window frame from which a light effect differs only severalpercent. [0062] This invention will be evaluated in that the control range of SPD far beyond the control range which existed from the former is provided. The intelligence to which "SC" and **** extend the performance of the conventional controller for the "extended type controller" alias in the present invention far is provided. In the conventional enforcement, the single controller may be controlling some glass from one. The number of some is a comparatively small number like eight pieces here, and each square is connected to the controller with the cable. The setting stage about the relation the manual external control which is a relation which a user may set up or some individual manual control, and that which window or two or more windows can be controlled from the manual setting by the "extended type" controller is provided further. So that the user who calls four windows A, B, C, and D here may be controlled as a window with the single window AB in setting out of four windows in the basis of an "extended type controller" and window CD may be controlled as other single windows. Or it may set up to have mentioned above in relation to Fig.5 so that window ABC may be controlled as a single window and the window D may be controlled as other single windows, or so that it may be controlled as a window with the single window ABCD or the window ABCD may be controlled as four separate windows. [0063] As for such intelligent control, in large-scale enforcement, although some windows permit operating independently, it is desirable to place all the segments of the window of a building under a series of systematic control. In environment comparatively big type, using the profile of an individual window, a series of systematic control can perform real-time-data processing, can be in time for time in every point, and can determine [ rather than ] the opacity for every segment of a building more intelligently. SC of the present invention is extensible in order to operate by such a method. [0064] When SC is a manual mode, in order to control the opacity of the SPD glass which SC is controlling, or a plastic to exact setting out, SC uses the input from the resident of the room. There is a range in an usable different manual-input device. Although there are not a switch, a device like resistance, or moving parts, the device of the capacity type which can detect contact of a finger with which all of me are used, for example is contained in the range. However, SC (plurality) may be receiving the command transmitted via the local region network to which SC is connected. In order for SC to control the function which should be performed, wherever it may be in [ network ], it permits plug-in of a LAN card so that a command can be received. Multiplex LAN may be connected via a "repeater" or a "bridge", in order to make a physical area size covered by the window of the building increase. When LAN has reached maximum length, the router which connects mutually LAN which became independent in order to generate the wide area network which can reach each SC in a building may be arranged. The purpose of a wide area network is that each SC enables it to receive the command published from the central


intelligence point. It is determining so that a data processing system may carry out the best setting out to each window in the "master building control point" (MBCP) which is a central intelligence point. MBCP can incorporate the data from the sensor used together with SC by polling sensor data. And from other inputs which may be read via the network to which MBCP is connected, MBCP uses latitude information and longitude information, time, a current day, and other facts, in order to determine the optimum setting method of the present opacity level of the whole building. MBCP may transmit a command to each individual window via a network, in order to choose the optimal setting out in this case. [0065] An "extended type controller" may be provided with the sensor various type which may be used for controlling the energy consumption in a building more finely. A photoelectric element may be arranged on each SPD glass, and may be connected to SC (Fig.2 and three references). "a master building control point "MBCP"" -- it may instruct, and in order to read a photoelectric element and other sensor data, MBCP may poll each SC periodically, so that sensor data may be periodically transmitted to all SC to MBCP. BCP knows the position and window address of the latitude of the structure of a building, the compass bearing which the window faces, and a building and longitude, the angle from the vertical direction of each window, and a unique node through the first system construction procedure in BCP. The input from the photoelectric element in a building accepts using the voting technology for determining the best region of the building which increases or decreases opacity, in order that BCP may reduce the total amount of the energy which a building requires for heating and air conditioning. If the compass which can be read, and a glass angle detection device are included in each SC, the modeling process for controlling each window more correctly about a building will be simplified by providing this setup information directly. [0066] The full load on the backbone of LAN is reduced, and in order that the command which should be executed really simultaneous may cross a network, one class of an "intelligent control point" may be generated. Probably, the control point is only individual SC instructed by MBCP so that it might operate as a relay station instead of MBCP. In a class's highest level, a "master building control point" is an existence which determines intelligently setting out of the present of the opacity in all the points of the SPD glass in a building. There is a class of some levels according to enforcement size. A "master control point" transmits an opacity change command to one or two the "class control points" or more which communicate with the "class control point" of some lower levels one by one, Eventually, this command reaches each individual SC in which a control point has responsibility. Thus, the thing for which control is distributed multilevel, The quantity of the data packet which passes LAN in which a "master control point" exists is reduced, and the load of a master and a backbone network is reduced by distributing and transmitting a command to each local LAN in this way. Since each "class control point" performs distribution of the command over the master on each local LAN, this control becomes able [ a command ] to execute earlier than the case where each command should be transmitted directly from a master control point. Therefore, a command is simultaneously transmitted to multiplex LAN instead of transmitting LAN in in-series. This control enables very many "suspension particle devices" to change simultaneously earlier. [0067] In order that MBCP may supply window coloring information and additional sensor data to an external system in the example of the present invention, And the XML interface (it is shown in


Fig.13 like) to the external system will be supplied in order that an external system may permit adjustment of the light volume of the room under requiring adjustment of the coloring level of the circumference of a building, or its control. It performs that MBCP receives the demand from an XML link, it interprets them since it produces change required by outside "intelligent energy C-system" (IECS), and it transmits a suitable command via a "hierarchical" network. When this Mohd operates, the automatic control of MBCP may be rather disregarded [ rather than ] selectively using the information generated in order to instruct so that all the windows may be set up by the optimal method. Instead, the command is generated based on the XML message received from IECS. By the intermittent "heartbeat (Hearbeat)" transmission of the XML command or an XML response over MBCP or an IECS link, the synchronization of two systems is maintained and equal operation is guaranteed. When a heartbeat disappears, the MBCP can return to automatic mode, and it operates a building independently until an IECS system returns to on-line. The MBCP can supply the data of the help which reinforces the operation to the IECS, and can keep the direct control of coloring of a window alternative. [0068] Fig.19, So that a packet can be transmitted to "master control point" (MBCP) 192 on LAN via LAN193. two the "extended type controllers" (SC (plurality)) which comprises an "intelligent controller" of the Fig.1 united with the LAN interface 194 -- 191 and 192 are shown. [0069] Fig.20 shows the bridge 202 which may be taken in in LAN size in order to add another LAN segments of an expansion sake, when LAN201 has reached the maximum capability for cable length. Probably, this method is a method first as a structure adopted in order to connect more controllers to "master building control point" 204 which are controlling setting out of all the SCs. This figure also expresses the hub 205 which carries out direct continuation to SC206 [ more nearly individual than multiplex SC which is hanging down from share wiring ]. the connection with the hub 205 and individual SC206 -- a cable -- or -- if possible -- being wireless -- also coming out -- it is good. Use of wireless LAN decreases the wiring amount of the building which connects all the "extended type controllers" to the network which will connect with "master control point" 204 probably containing building control logic and which must be performed for accumulating. [0070] Fig.21 shows how to expand the size of a local network further, when LAN segments and the number of arrangement of a "bridge" / "repeater" 202 have reached the maximum. The router element 207 which it permits that independent new LAN segments are connected to the router 207 is added. The router 207 recognizes the case where it instructs to the LAN address on LAN from which data differs, acquires the data from LAN received in that case, and broadcasts the data again to right LAN to which the objective address is instructed. A mapping table tells the address range which each LAN can process to the router 207. In order that SC across a big building may receive the message from the "hierarchical control point" on the message from "master building control point" 204 in same or remote LAN, or the same LAN, It is connected to nearest LAN. He is trying for MBCP to also change setting out of the opacity of which window of a building in an instant by this. [0071] Probably, in the viewpoint of a scale, having described above unsurprisingly is extending the Malvino patent dramatically. However, SC is also extending the basic function of a Malvino patent by supplying the SPD control means far exceeding the control assumed in these patents.


Manual control information is read by the microprocessor and not only in a means to control manually the regulation means to which the aforementioned microprocessor adjusts a regulation means based on manual control setting out, The device driven by a microprocessor can control regulation of the voltage to at least one suspension particle device (SPD) by which the light bulb transparency characteristic of a device will be controlled, setting out of the clock frequency of all the requests, and/or setting out of the waveform characteristic. Here, there may be two or more manual control devices and/or two or more individual SPD devices which were connected to the device driven by a microprocessor with cable wiring. Here, the setup steps of the relation between two or more manual control devices used in order to control directly the SPD opacity of that SPD device which is a single SPD device, and which was connected with one or two or more two cable wiring or more so that it might operate like may occur. There may be a means to control the regulation means by digital command received over a communications channel from the outside. Here, there may be the radio transmitter and radio set which use the wireless communication of the point-to-point for transmitting and receiving data in the device driven by the adjoining microprocessor. A remote radio receiving device interprets here the packet header of the data transmitted by the transmission device, and if necessary, it is only processing received data, as it determined from the packet header data. The data which the header data in a receiving microprocessor received [ aforementioned ] is a device driven by a different microprocessor, When meaning the device which does not communicate [ the / receiving device and directly ] is specified, By referring to the "routing table" which was directly placed on the computer for transmitting the data further into the network mentioned above via the additional middle hopping point, and was updated dynamically, The receiving device shall broadcast the data packet again towards the device or node driven to other microprocessors. Once the aforementioned packet information reaches the purpose point of packet information, the aforementioned packet information will be processed by the application software in the last purpose point. [0072] The packet of the type with which many differ may be transmitted through a network, Some types of a packet are used in order to maintain the network itself, It is used in order for the packet of other types to move a statistical data through a network, and the packet of other types is used in order to move application data like a "light bulb" command through a network. The network packet of one type may distribute that instantaneous routing information that will be used in each node, in order to support determining the best next route used in order to move this packet in the direction of an objective node. Probably, the packet another type includes the command which requests that the local "light bulb" which is the SPD glass control commands to a remote node should be changed into specific setting out. [0073] The system "A master building control point", It is a device driven by the microprocessor which it carries out intelligent determination about the point what kind of opacity should be set up in an individual window, and transmits a command to other portions of the system in the whole LAN, An interface may also be built into a "Local Area Network" (LAN), in order it is alike and to connect. The LAN "Thinnet", "Thicknet", a twisted pair wire, it may wire via an optical fiber or the LAN means of other cables -- it carries out or one deformation kind of the IEEE802.11 standards is used -- being wireless -- or it may wire via IEEE802.15 standard or other wireless LAN means. The LAN may be mediated to another LAN, in order to remove restriction of the number of devices connected to the restriction or one bus about bus length and to expand LAN. In order that the LAN may communicate with the "master building control point" which belongs


to a local or a wider region network, Furthermore it exceeds the object for habitation or the building for commerce which can reach by one LAN, in order to connect with other LAN covering a large-scale region, it may be expanded by using a router. [0074] The controller may perform the specific software set which can perform a typical function in addition to becoming the "intelligent control point" on LAN called a "hierarchical control point." This device can communicate for every devices of all the in one class. [0075] The system may change a "light bulb" automatically under system control based on the latitude of the physical direction of the "SPD device" on the earth, and an SPD device and longitude, a current day, and time. In order that the microprocessor may reduce the energy consumption in the object for habitation and the environment for commerce which use the window which uses an "SPD device", Probably, it corresponds to the profile of the data generated from off-line processing of the spatial direction of the window in all the moments of 1 so that setting out of optimal "light bulb" may be made continuously. [0076] If it is used in order that manual preference operation may repeal autonomous working, autonomous working may be resumed after a specific period. Autonomous working may be resumed when the confirmation sensor used of the room does not show any motions in a specific period and the room. The system may correspond to the switch for setting up some the fixing profiles and the profiles effective now for opacity setting out over day and night manually. When there may be two profiles, the manual switch may be classified with summer and winter. When there may be four profiles, the manual switch may be classified with summer, autumn, winter, and spring. [0077] In the system, the optimal "light bulb" setting out may be obtained by real time instead of using predetermined profile information. Such a real-time operation may be performed in a "master building control point." [0078] Although a device provided with the same electronic device as an SPD controller may not be connected to all the SPD device, It may be used only as a middle hopping point for moving data among other devices which operate as an SPD device completely for which wireless service is used in the spot which cannot carry out direct communication sufficiently and mutually [ the device which can operate completely ]. In order to operate this hopping point device as a bridge between other devices, it may be installed in the dead spot between other devices. [0079] In a system, a message may be transmitted through the class of a special node and needs to be transmitted from the node in the network to none of other nodes. In a class's highest level, a "control point" is an existence which determines intelligently setting out of the present of the opacity in all the points of the SPD glass in a building. There is a class of some levels according to enforcement size. In order to change setting out of the "light bulb" in a controller, one of these "the building control points" communicates with the control point of some lower levels so that each point may operate simultaneously according to the command. The control point of the low level may distribute the command to other low levels of a control point further in order to make the command expand to within a time [ earliest ] further to the point of the maximum number so that a window can start as soon as possible.


[0080] In a system, a message may be transmitted through the class of the "intelligent control point" which is placed on LAN same as or different from a "master control point." In a class's highest level, a "control point" is an existence which determines intelligently setting out of the present of the opacity in all the points of the SPD glass in a building. There is a class of some levels according to enforcement size. A "master control point" transmits an opacity change command to one or two the "class control points" or more which communicate with the "class control point" of some lower levels one after another, Eventually, this command reaches the individual controller in a control range. Thus, distributing control multilevel reduces the quantity of the data packet which passes LAN in which a "master control point" exists, and it distributes a command to each local LAN which reduces the load of a "master" and a backbone network in this way. Since each "class control point" is performing distribution of a command to the "master" on each local LAN, this control, It permits that a command is executed earlier than the case where each command should be transmitted directly from a "master control point." Therefore, multiplex LAN is simultaneously transmitted to a command over instead of LAN being transmitted in in-series. This control permits that very many suspension particle devices change simultaneously earlier. [0081] Changing simultaneously the voltage which drives an SPD device, SC may be crossed to a variable range and may adjust frequency. By driving the device over a variable frequency, if the glass does not exist as if, a possibility that "swing (sing)" (generating of an audio frequency sound) to which each and every human being within the same room will be irritated will occur can be decreased. [0082] An "extended type controller" may also include the sensor circuit which detects lack of the flow of the current which passes along SPD material. Probably, this shows damage of the SPD material. In the midst of this occurrence, that SC transmits the "glass damage detection" message which shows that phenomenon to MBCP. MBCP which receives that warning can determine from which window this message came, and will require intervention of human being depending on any of a means by which many differ they are. One or two radio calling messages or more which are transmitted via the Internet in the means which has some demands of intervention of human being, The short message to one or two cellular phones or more which are transmitted via the Internet, It may be transmission of the message to the synthesized speech message generated in order to call the central office which is supervising the institution, and the monitoring service which supervises SPD-glass building control specially via the Internet. When a damage detection message pours in at every time, the MBCP maintains class logic so that a multiplex alarm may not be generated. Otherwise, MBCP cannot respond within the given period. Since after an alarm is detected prevents the message from all the sections of a building pouring in, within which period, the MBCP can stop the glass damage detection logic in SC. [0083] The controller of the present invention can drive SPD by a method more advanced than a Malvino patent to all the SPD applications including an automobile, a marine marine vessel, an airplane, aerospace, and construction. In the first place, single various waveforms but not wave-like may be used. A duty cycle can be changed in order to save [ second ] energy. In a controller, in order to support a multiplex type SPD film, two or three photoelectric


conversion reference tables or more may be memorized. The method of driving SPD can be adjusted based on an outside temperature. And electric power is dynamically manageable in order to optimize power consumption. [0084] U.S. Pat. No. 6 of Maivino, 897 and 997, and 6, 804 and 040 provide the one fundamental method of driving so that the material on the basis of SPD may be changed [ to a dark state ] from a transparent state or changed among various transparency levels. These fundamental patents are considering no operation parameters or those control of SPD material. SC from which a microprocessor takes the lead provides unprecedented details of a level and optimized control of SPD material through some methodology which this improved controller patent is describing, an algorithm, and feedback mechanism. [0085] The '997 of Maivino and '040 patent was related with generation of some electronics sets which will allow the material of the SPD base to change a state. However, detailed research of the essence of SPD material shows clearly that there is what some characteristics of SPD materials other than the transparency for controlling the window of an SPD base appropriately should be examined for. And many variable factor **** which control these characteristics. [0086] The main characteristics of SPD material are the capability to move to movement in the dark state from a transparent state, and an again dark state based on the frequency and the volts alternating current level which are applied, or the capability to move to any middle transparency levels. However, other important characteristics which should be controlled are the singing (singing) of the SPD material laminated between switching time, a haze, transparency, two glass, or a plastic or the possibility of humming (hummimg), and power consumption. There is setting out of many parameters which have on these characteristics. These are the manufacturer and which production process [ in / occasionally / one manufacturer ] of the thickness of a volts alternating current, frequency, a frequency permissible error, temperature, a waveform, a waveform phase, a duty cycle, and SPD material, and SPD material to be. The simple circuit of 6, 897 and 997 of Maivino and 6 and 804, and 040 patents cannot take all these parameters into consideration, in order to provide the performance of a request of SPD material. [0087] It will be required that different SPD application should optimize some methods of operating SC. In the building application for the increase in efficiency of energy, SC will emphasize the function for the increase in efficiency of the energy aiming at energy protection. Switching speed will be traded off to energy-efficiency-izing. In an automobile, a vendor may be wanted to maintain glass switching speed uniformly irrespective of the outside temperature of a car. SC can guarantee lower switching speed by driving SPD material in higher frequency by consumption of more electric power, when an outdoor temperature is very low. [0088] Fig.24 shows a logical structure of the embodiment of the present invention. Only in the capability to become a part of network of the larger-scale controller integrated, this is the controller strengthened in the point of strengthening the intelligence of each individual node in controlling SPD material. [0089] The "command" of a controller, and "control" portion, In order to set the transparency level of the light of SPD glass as a specific level, a command is received from two or more of other


microprocessors on an external source (for example, an A/D type device like the dimming switch of an option), or a communication link. SC may use the sensor which passed the A/D interface although the temperature of the outside which should be taken into consideration in order for both to optimize more important switching time or amount of used electricity for a user is measured. The waveform of specific shape is set up by the waveform-generations logic which adjusts the electric energy in the optimal frequency for switching glass demanded. In order to reduce the electric power used in order to maintain SPD material on a specific transparency level, the wave-like duty cycle used is decreased. Taking into consideration the aim which should be attained, the algorithm built into the software of SC adjusts setting out of the factor mentioned until now, in order to provide a desired target. This SC has the perfect flexibility for adjusting all the performances which affect a parameter in specific environment. [0090] In order to know how the controller has a series of inner three-dimensional tables similar to Fig.25, and change of one factor or two factors affects the third factor in this table, The parameter to other parameters in which various operations are possible is drawn as a map. For example, this table will determine the suitable voltage and frequency which were demanded from the absolute level of light transmission. Such other tables will express the relation of the switching time and frequency to the given electric energy. The third table will give the model of the switching time over the given temperature, and frequency. The fourth table will judge the switching time and frequency to the given temperature. [0091] If the algorithm built into the intelligent controller is used, an intelligent controller may be traded off for operating SPD material the optimal according to the target programmed by the memory of the intelligent controller. When it is required that the switching time for less than 2 seconds should be maintained from a dark state to a transparent state, Data will be pulled out from these tables, in order for these algorithms to make the frequency of an AC signal increase in order to supply the specific transparency level to a specific manufacturer's SPD material, and to make voltage increase and to supply additional electric power. When power consumption is a factor over optimization as other cases, In order for this SC to operate SPD material in lower frequency, therefore to attain the absolute level of transparency, voltage will be adjusted, and probably power consumption will be reduced by using switching speed for about 8 seconds instead of 2 seconds. [0092] This data is repeated to each manufacturer of SPD material so that a suitable judgment may be made based on a specific SPD material in which the controller is used. Although the day which guarantees that all the SPD materials react by a method repeatable similarly correctly between manufacturers and over between the production processes from one manufacturer by an industrial standardization activity may come, Two or more tables must be programmed a priori by the table of the controller for every performance of a model until quality control of this level is attained between different manufacturing processes in the industrial world. However, this controller is a universal controller to all the SPD applications eventually. [0093] Generally setting out of the table memorized by the controller is generated through the experiment of a laboratory for every SPD material of each manufacturer off-line. The data produced as a result is memorized on the table of a controller, or may be downloaded for the controller through a communication line.


[0094] In enforcement of some of controllers, some of three-dimensional tables will be dropped into a two-dimensional table under control of the controller of a specific model, since the third factor is not measured. For example, the fundamental model of a controller does not need to use a thermo sensor and will operate continuously under assumption of a specific operating temperature. One of the groups of the table in a controller is known as an EO ("electrooptics") table. This table is arranged from 0% (dark) of transparency to 100% (transparent). Each input contains the optimal frequency and voltage which set a specific manufacturer's glass to the given transparency level and which are accumulated and boiled. If temperature is not taken into consideration by operation of the controller of this version, it is this EO table in the two-dimensional state. [0095] In order to set various parameters which control SPD material, it adds to using this algorithm and internal table, This controller can change the parameter setting of a controller dynamically based on the feedback and measurement from the sensor connected to the AfD input of a controller. For example, a light source and a photo cell, a photo-transistor, or other optical photo detectors may be used in order to turn the light of the specific strength which transmits the changing SPD material to the photoelectric element which will detect the actual light level. EO table used in order to switch SPD material to a specific level does not need to have an element of temperature in the input of a table. However, since the light / photoelectric element logic of a controller can measure time until a actual transparency level is attained, actual switching time can be measured by measuring how much time a controller requires in order to make the transparency level of a request of glass reach. By getting to know this time, the controller algorithm can determine good frequency and voltage rather than driving glass, in order to reduce switching time to a desired level. this device to measure is selection -- it is used for generating the feedback loop for regulating a free parameter automatically. [0096] An intelligent controller can be reduced to a value still smaller than the value attained by operating SPD material in the optimal frequency and voltage to the given transparency level at the temperature which was able to give the amount of used electricity of SPD material. The controller may change the duty cycle of a power output, without maintaining SPD material to fixed alternating current power. The logic in a controller can reduce the number of the perfect waveform cycles which are given and are generated over time. Therefore, if the number of cycles 'm' usually occurs in time 't', in order to attain a duty coefficient 50%, the cycle in every one is disregarded and electric power is not supplied in these cycles. It is a target that only the 'n' cycle generally maintains electric power operation for every 'm' cycle in order to reduce electric power. A flicker which can be recognized visually in some points of SPD material may be checked. Another three-dimensional table which specifies the permissible smallest duty cycle corresponding to the given transparency level to the third parameter like operating temperature by experiment is pulled out. [0097] Other mixed operational modes become clear by utilizing the side surface of a different graph about the characteristics as a result of the analysis of the three-dimensional graph of the parameter in which an experiment and operation are possible, an experiment, and analysis. 2 seconds as appropriate switching speed from the dark condition in a room temperature to a transparent state can be attained in 60 Hz and 20-100 volts of exchange. the more nearly optimal energy performance does not make it produce 60 Hz or less and with after SPD material -- many


-- 30 Hz comes out and it is attained. Although the higher frequency (400 Hz) can switch SPD-material early more, in order to give an effect to switching, much electric power is used. switching speed by shifting to high frequency by while changing from one transparency level to another transparency level, [ optimize and ] In order to maintain the transparency set up in low electric power, when reducing frequency to the frequency of the range in which lower setting out is possible, a controller uses these factors. [0098] If it is a person skilled in the art, without separating from technical scope of the present invention included by attached Claims, you can understand easily the improvement about a countless obvious modification and present invention, without experimenting more than needed.

[Translation done.]


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