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SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
SB10, KLCC, Malaysia, 6 May 2010
Sustainable Communities (CK Tang & IEN)IEN Consultants, www.ien.com.my
Sustainable Communities in Tropics – The Only Way Forward
CK TangIEN ConsultantsKuala Lumpur, Malaysia
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
The Only Way Forward
• Climate Change • World Population Growth
01234567
1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
Bill
ions
Year
World Population
100m Sea level increase
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
• Zero use of fossil fuels?
• Zero potable water use?
• Zero waste?
• Zero carbon embedded material use?
While improving the followings:
• Indoor environmental quality
• Quality of local environment
Is A Truly Sustainable Community Possible?
Using Known Technologies Today?
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
SB10, KLCC, Malaysia, 6 May 2010
Energy Efficiency
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
Energy Efficient Tropical Buildings
Low Energy Office – Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water, Malaysia. BEI ~ 100 kWh/m2/year50% Energy Saved using Conventional Best Practice Technology
Pusat Teknologi Hijau Malaysia, Bangi, BEI ~ 70 kWh/m2/year65% Energy Saved (excluding BIPV)~100% Daylight use in Building
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
Lesson Learned8 Steps for Energy Efficient Tropical Buildings
Energy Index
-30.0
-10.0
10.0
30.0
50.0
70.0
90.0
110.0
130.0
150.0
Fan
Ene
rgy
Sm
all
Pow
er
Ligh
ting
Chi
ller
Ene
rgy
Fan
Gai
n
Ligh
ting
Gai
n
Sm
all
Pow
er G
ain
Sol
ar G
ain
Ext
Con
duct
ion
Gai
n
Ppl
Gai
n
Deh
umid
Ppl
Lat
ent
Gai
n
Deh
umid
Fres
h A
ir
Fres
h A
irG
ain
kWh/
m2/
year
worst
base
mewc
Chiller Energy Breakdown
123
4
567
8 Energy Management!
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
Factor 4 Buildings
• Buildings that consume only 25% Energy as compared to conventional buildings today – i.e. 50 kWh/m2/year.
• Achievable by Energy Efficient Building with– Tri-Generation or– Solar Air-Conditioning or– 100% Daylit Building
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
SB10, KLCC, Malaysia, 6 May 2010
Green Energy
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
Tri-Generation or Co-Gen
Typical Power Plant
100% Gas
65%Electricity
Waste Heat & Losses
35%
Low Grade Heat for Desiccant Air-Conditioning or Domestic Hot Water
Tri-Generation
100% Gas
15%
Waste Heat & Losses
Electricity30%
55% Heat Cooling
Conventional Power Generation
A Tri-Generation System
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
Solar Air-Conditioning
Using Absorption Chillers
Using Liquid Desiccant
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
Building Integrated Photovoltaic
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
Algae – Renewable Energy
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
SB10, KLCC, Malaysia, 6 May 2010
Water Efficiency
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
Water Efficiency
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
Rain Water Harvesting
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
Air to Water
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
Ozone or UVWater Treatment
“Tropical Daylighting” (CK Tang & G Reimann)IEN Consultants, www.ien.com.my
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
SB10, KLCC, Malaysia, 6 May 2010
Waste Minimisation
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
REDUCE, RE-USE, RECYCLE
• Metal, Plastic, Paper – Recyclable• Organic waste – Compost it!
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
Grey & Black Water Recycling
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
BioGas – Renewable Energy
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
SB10, KLCC, Malaysia, 6 May 2010
The Roadmap
Green Community
SB07, KLCC, Malaysia6 November 2007
A/C in Hot Humid Climate
Pure Condensate
Water
GreywaterRecycling
Blackwater
BioGasPlant
BIPV
Green Electricity Production
Energy Efficient Factor 4 Building
Tri-Gen
Organic Waste
PlasticsMetals
Incinerate
Offset Building Embodied Energy
Drinking Water
UV Sanitize
Zero Potable WaterZero Fossil Fuel
Fertilizer
Irrigation Toilet Flushing
Water Treatment
Water Efficient Washer, Taps, T
oiletries, etc.
Recyclable
Hot Water
Electric Transportation
Outside Organic Waste &
BlackwaterGlass
Non-Recyclable
Algae Plant
BioDiesel
Hybrid TransportationCO2
Treated Waste water
Zero Waste
Tri-Gen
SB10, KLCC, Malaysia, 6 May 2010