civil war. what political party was abraham lincoln? republicanrepublican
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Civil WarCivil War
What political party was What political party was Abraham Lincoln?Abraham Lincoln?
•RepublicanRepublican
Who won the 1860 Who won the 1860 presidential election?presidential election?
•Abraham LincolnAbraham Lincoln
Why did some Southern Why did some Southern states refuse to accept states refuse to accept Lincoln’s election as Lincoln’s election as
president?president?
• They feared Lincoln would They feared Lincoln would try to abolish or at least try to abolish or at least further limit slavery.further limit slavery.
What action did some What action did some Southern states take in Southern states take in
the winter of 1860-1861?the winter of 1860-1861?
•Seceded from the Seceded from the UnionUnion
What did it mean for a What did it mean for a state to secede from the state to secede from the
Union?Union?
•Withdraw from Withdraw from the Unionthe Union
What new nation did the What new nation did the Southern states establish Southern states establish
after they seceded from the after they seceded from the Union?Union?
• Confederate States of Confederate States of America – also calledAmerica – also called
• The ConfederacyThe Confederacy
Who was president of Who was president of the Confederacy?the Confederacy?
•Jefferson DavisJefferson Davis
Where did the Civil War Where did the Civil War begin?begin?
• Fort Sumter in Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Charleston, South CarolinaCarolina
What were the dates What were the dates of the Civil War?of the Civil War?
•1861 – 1865 1861 – 1865
What is a What is a civil war?civil war?
•A war between A war between people of the same people of the same countrycountry
What have the What have the Virginia Standards of Virginia Standards of Learning identified as Learning identified as the seven causes of the seven causes of
the Civil War?the Civil War?
• 1) Sectional debate over 1) Sectional debate over tariffs, the spread of slavery tariffs, the spread of slavery into the territories, and the into the territories, and the nature of the Union (states’ nature of the Union (states’ rights)rights)
• 2) Northern abolitionists vs. 2) Northern abolitionists vs. Southern defenders of Southern defenders of slaveryslavery
• 3) Dred Scott Decision3) Dred Scott Decision
• 4) Uncle Tom’s Cabin4) Uncle Tom’s Cabin
• 5) Poor presidential 5) Poor presidential leadershipleadership
• 6) Failed compromises6) Failed compromises
• 7) Lincoln’s call for troops7) Lincoln’s call for troops
Define Define emancipation.emancipation.
•Freeing the African-Freeing the African-American slavesAmerican slaves
What early 19What early 19thth century century debate reached a climax debate reached a climax
during the Civil War?during the Civil War?
• The power of the The power of the federal government vs. federal government vs. states’ rightsstates’ rights
Identify Abraham Lincoln.Identify Abraham Lincoln.
• President of the United President of the United States during the Civil WarStates during the Civil War
• Against secessionAgainst secession
• Believed the Union should Believed the Union should be held together by force, if be held together by force, if necessarynecessary
Identify Jefferson Davis.Identify Jefferson Davis.
• President of the President of the Confederate States of Confederate States of AmericaAmerica
• United States senator United States senator from Mississippi, when from Mississippi, when Mississippi secededMississippi seceded
Identify Ulysses S. Identify Ulysses S. GrantGrant
• The greatest Union generalThe greatest Union general
• Won victories over the Won victories over the Confederate army after Confederate army after several other Union several other Union commanders had failedcommanders had failed
• Accepted Lee’s surrender at Accepted Lee’s surrender at AppomattoxAppomattox
Identify Robert E. Identify Robert E. Lee.Lee.
• Confederate general who Confederate general who commanded the Army of Northern commanded the Army of Northern VirginiaVirginia
• Against secessionAgainst secession
• Did not believe the Union should be Did not believe the Union should be held together by forceheld together by force
• After the war, Lee encouraged After the war, Lee encouraged Southerners to accept defeat and Southerners to accept defeat and unite as Americans againunite as Americans again
Identify Frederick Identify Frederick Douglass.Douglass.
• A former enslaved African-A former enslaved African-AmericanAmerican
• Became an important Became an important African-American abolitionistAfrican-American abolitionist
• During the Civil War, During the Civil War, encouraged President encouraged President Lincoln to recruit former Lincoln to recruit former enslaved African-Americans enslaved African-Americans to fight in the Union army.to fight in the Union army.
According to the Standards of According to the Standards of Learning, what were the two Learning, what were the two most important battles of the most important battles of the
Civil War?Civil War?
•AntietamAntietam
•GettysburgGettysburg
In what state was In what state was the Battle of the Battle of
Antietam fought?Antietam fought?
•MarylandMaryland
How did the Northern How did the Northern press interpret the press interpret the
military stalemate at military stalemate at Antietam?Antietam?
• As a major Union victory, As a major Union victory, because Lee and his because Lee and his Confederate army retreated Confederate army retreated back into Virginiaback into Virginia
Why was the Battle of Why was the Battle of Antietam very important?Antietam very important?
• North’s belief that Antietam North’s belief that Antietam was a Northern victory was a Northern victory allowed President Lincoln to allowed President Lincoln to issue the Emancipation issue the Emancipation ProclamationProclamation
Why did the Battle of Why did the Battle of Antietam mark a new Antietam mark a new
stage in the Civil War?stage in the Civil War?
• After Antietam, President After Antietam, President Lincoln announced the Lincoln announced the Emancipation Emancipation ProclamationProclamation
Who issued the Who issued the Emancipation Emancipation Proclamation?Proclamation?
•President Abraham President Abraham LincolnLincoln
What did the What did the Emancipation Emancipation
Proclamation do?Proclamation do?
• Freed all slaves who lived Freed all slaves who lived in states in states stillstill in rebellion in rebellion on January 1, 1863on January 1, 1863
What was the North’s war What was the North’s war aim before the aim before the Emancipation Emancipation Proclamation?Proclamation?
•Preservation of the Preservation of the UnionUnion
What were the North’s war What were the North’s war aims after the Emancipation aims after the Emancipation
Proclamation?Proclamation?
• Preservation of the UnionPreservation of the Union
• Abolition of African-Abolition of African-American slaveryAmerican slavery
What two European What two European countries considered countries considered
aiding the Confederacy?aiding the Confederacy?
•Great Britain Great Britain
• FranceFrance
What effect did the What effect did the Emancipation Proclamation Emancipation Proclamation
have on England and France?have on England and France?
• Discouraged them from siding Discouraged them from siding with the Confederacywith the Confederacy
• The governments of England The governments of England and France did and France did notnot want to want to appear to support slavery.appear to support slavery.
What battle was the What battle was the military turning point of military turning point of
the Civil War?the Civil War?
•GettysburgGettysburg
Where was the Battle of Where was the Battle of Gettysburg?Gettysburg?
•PennsylvaniaPennsylvania
Which side won the Which side won the Battle of Gettysburg?Battle of Gettysburg?
•The NorthThe North
•The Union ArmyThe Union Army
What did Lincoln identify as What did Lincoln identify as the North’s two war aims in the North’s two war aims in the Gettysburg Address?the Gettysburg Address?
• Preservation of the UnionPreservation of the Union
• Abolition of SlaveryAbolition of Slavery
What did Lincoln believe What did Lincoln believe was the nature of the was the nature of the
Union?Union?
• The United States was one The United States was one nation, instead of a nation, instead of a federation of independent federation of independent states.states.
What did the South What did the South think was the nature of think was the nature of
the Union?the Union?
• The states had freely joined The states had freely joined the Union and could freely the Union and could freely leave or secede.leave or secede.
What vision did President What vision did President Lincoln describe for the Lincoln describe for the
United States in the United States in the Gettysburg Address?Gettysburg Address?
• The United States was The United States was dedicated to the idea that dedicated to the idea that “all men are created “all men are created equal.”equal.”
In the Gettysburg Address In the Gettysburg Address what did Lincoln call a what did Lincoln call a
“Second American “Second American Revolution”?Revolution”?
•The Civil WarThe Civil War
Who said the United States Who said the United States was ruled by a government was ruled by a government
“of the people, by the people, “of the people, by the people, and for the people”?and for the people”?
•Abraham LincolnAbraham Lincoln
In what speech did Lincoln In what speech did Lincoln use the phrase “of the people, use the phrase “of the people,
by the people, and for the by the people, and for the people”?people”?
•The Gettysburg The Gettysburg AddressAddress
According to what Lincoln According to what Lincoln said in the Gettysburg said in the Gettysburg
Address, what institution Address, what institution must not exist in the United must not exist in the United
States?States?
•African-American African-American SlaverySlavery
What happened at What happened at Appomattox?Appomattox?
• Lee surrendered to Lee surrendered to Grant.Grant.
• The Civil War ended.The Civil War ended.
Where did the Civil War Where did the Civil War end?end?
•Appomattox Appomattox Courthouse in VirginiaCourthouse in Virginia
How did the Civil War How did the Civil War impact African-impact African-
Americans?Americans?
• Emancipation Proclamation Emancipation Proclamation allowed for the enlistment of allowed for the enlistment of African-American soldiers in African-American soldiers in the Union Armythe Union Army
• During the Civil War, many During the Civil War, many enslaved African-Americans enslaved African-Americans gained freedom by running gained freedom by running behind Union linesbehind Union lines
How did the Civil War How did the Civil War affect the common affect the common
soldier?soldier?
• Hand-to-hand combatHand-to-hand combat
• Brutal warfareBrutal warfare
• Lonely and boring camp lifeLonely and boring camp life
How do historians know How do historians know about the life of the common about the life of the common soldier during the Civil War?soldier during the Civil War?
• War time diariesWar time diaries
• Letters sent home by the Letters sent home by the soldiers soldiers
What did Southern soldiers What did Southern soldiers often find when they returned often find when they returned
home after the Civil War?home after the Civil War?
• Their homes were Their homes were destroyeddestroyed
• Their families were poorTheir families were poor
How did the Civil War How did the Civil War physically affect many physically affect many
soldiers on both sides?soldiers on both sides?
• Returned home wounded or Returned home wounded or crippledcrippled
• Lived with permanent Lived with permanent disabilitiesdisabilities
During the Civil War, what During the Civil War, what roles were women required to roles were women required to assume on the home front?assume on the home front?
•Nontraditional rolesNontraditional roles
Describe the role of many Describe the role of many women during the women during the
Civil War.Civil War.
• Managed homes and Managed homes and families without much families without much money or foodmoney or food
• Faced poverty and hungerFaced poverty and hunger
What new roles did women What new roles did women assume during the assume during the
Civil War?Civil War?
• Ran farmsRan farms
• Worked as nursesWorked as nurses
• Worked in war industriesWorked in war industries