Civil War

The American Civil War began on April 12, 1861.

Most consider Lee's surrender on April 9, 1865 the end of the war.

Presidential Leaders

• Abraham Lincoln Jefferson Davis

Union

• Union States • Union States

• California• Connecticut• Illinois• Indiana• Iowa• Kansas• Maine• Massachusetts• Michigan• Minnesota

•New Hampshire•Nevada •New York•New Jersey•Ohio•Oregon•Pennsylvania•Rhode Island•Vermont

Confederate States

Confederate States

South Carolina MississippiFloridaAlabama GeorgiaLouisiana Texas

Virginia ArkansasTennesseeNorth CarolinaDelaware &

Maryland

Border States

• Border States • Map

•West Virginia•Kentucky•Missouri•Delaware•Maryland

• April 12, 1861 Brigadier General Beauregard ordered the attack on Fort Sumter.

• The battle lasted for two days without casualties.

• Major Anderson surrendered on April 14th.

Battle at Fort Sumter

Fort Fisher

• Only open port on east coast

• Blockade Runners provided supplies from the Bahamas, Bermuda, and Great Britain by trading cotton and tobacco.

• Fort was made of earth and sand.

• Major General Alfred Terry commanded 9,000 troops

• Rear Admiral David D. Porter commanded 60 ships

•CasualtiesUnion-1,338Confederate-583

Bull Run

• Occoquan River (tributary of the Potomac)

• Union Army under command by Brigadier General Irvin McDowell

• Hope to capture Confederate’s Capital of Richmond, VA

• Brigadier General Beauregard commanded the Confederate Army

• Colonel Jackson held Confederate ground against Union forces allowing Beauregard’s troops to gather reinforcements.

•Casualties & Losses

Union2,896

Confederate

1,982

Civil War Weapons

• Cannons• Rifles• Pistols• Swords• Ships

Transportation

• Horses• Trains• Boats

Civil War affect America’s Future

• The war changed the United States in many ways. It brought the nation together. Before the Civil War, it was acceptable to be a citizen of the state and then a citizen of the nation. We were badly divided along state and sectional lines. And it brought an end to slavery, now black Americans are politically equal. It made the national government superior to the state governments The Civil War paved the way for us to become an industrialized nation. Industries need a strong national government to protect them to open up new trading opportunities outside the nation and to provide the transportation and communication network required by business.

The End of the War

• After Appomattox, there were still minor battles as 175,000 Confederate troops remained in the field.

• The final surrender of Confederate troops occurred June 23, 1865.