Lecture 31+32

Civil war is tragedy of people

(1918-1920 yy.)

Brief contents:

1. Creation of the Red Army.

2. Victory of Bolsheviks. Formation of the Kazakh Soviet statehood.

1.CREATION OF THE RED ARMY

Civil war became continuation of struggle at the power.

The Civil war is war between

The "Reds" and the "Whites".

The "Reds" were the Bolshevik controlled Soviets. During this time the Bolsheviks changed their name to the Communist party. The "Whites" were mostly Russian army units from the world war who were led by anti-Bolshevik officers. They were also joined by anti-Bolshevik volunteers and some Mensheviks and Social Revolutionaries.

REDS

-Representatives of poor classes – peasants, workers, sharua

-Representatives of the oppressed people of Russia.

-Bolshevik party and its supporters

-Small part of the intellectuals

WHITES

-Representatives of the overthrown classes, that is:

-Representatives of bourgeois-businessman,) political parties and their supporters.

-Prosperous sectors of society: the bourgeoisie, fists (the rural bourgeoisie) dispossessed by the Soviet power

In June 1918, when it became apparent that a revolutionary army composed solely of workers would be far too small, Trotsky established mandatory conscription of the rural peasantry into the Red Army. Peasants in every possible way resisted to this order, for what paid with life.

BUT YOU WAS WRITTEN VOLUNTEER?

The Whites, though possessing some experienced officers and soldiers, were never able to defeat the Reds. The Whites were only twice able to mount serious offenses which threatened the Reds.

The autumn of 1919 was the period of foreign intervention of Civil war. The allies, primarily France and England and also USA, sent troops and materials to support of Whites.

The troops only stayed until 1919, and the war materials may have helped the Whites more than the troops. The allies supported the Whites partly because they wanted a Russian government that would continue to fight the Germans, but also because they feared the spread of Socialism.

Despite setbacks due to British invasions during 1918, the Bolsheviks continued to make progress in bringing the Central Asian population under the influence of their party. The first regional congress of the Russian Communist Party convened in the city of Tashkent in June 1918 in order to build support for a local Bolshevik Party.

To one of the first centers of Civil war in Kazakhstan in the end of November, 1917 became Оrenburg —administrative center of Turgai region. By the summer 1918 Civil war has accepted wide scales in connection with activization of the imperialistic states. In process of clearing territory of Kazakhstan of White Guards the Soviet authority was restored. On July, 10th, 1919 RSFSR have been organized by decree СPC Revolutionary committee on management.

2.VICTORY OF BOLSHEVIKS. FORMATION OF THE KAZAKH SOVIET STATEHOOD.

On August, 26th 1920y. CEC of RSFSR have accepted the Decree « About formation of Autonomy of Kazakh Soviet Socialist republic »- KASSR

Orenburg was first capital of KASSR.

Leaders "Alash" A. Bukeykhanov, A.Baytursynov, M. Dulatov didn't support violent methods of strengthening of the power of Bolsheviks, terror and violence in relation to class enemies. Supported creation of the Kazakh national autonomy, democracy, elective system, rights and freedoms of citizens.

Why were Reds able to defeat the Whites?

Whites were very ununified, and they lacked a clear "vision," the only political belief that they could agree on was that they were against the Bolsheviks. The Bolsheviks, on the other side , were famous for propaganda, and were able to get the support of the people.

The political program of Reds met needs of simple and poor people and they always carried out the conceived

Lenin's battle cry of Peace-(end the war with the Germans(I World War-1914-1918)

Land-(confiscate (removal) land from the wealthy landowners and divide it among a poorer people) and bread for the people was a popular slogan.

THE SHOOTING OF WHITE OFFICERS

Thank you at the attention!