Fort Sumter

• When the South seceded, Southerners occupied many of the forts in their states.

• One fort that was not occupied by Confederates was Fort Sumter, in Charleston, South Carolina.

Charleston Harbor

Map of the Union (1861)

• The first shots of the war were fired by the Confederacy on Fort Sumter (to confiscate it) after northern attempts to re-supply the federally owned forts in Charleston harbor were foiled (by the Confederates).

Attack on Fort Sumter

Attack on Fort Sumter

Map of the Union and Confederacy

Blockade of Southern ports

Capture of Port Royal

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• Union forces captured Port Royal near Beaufort, SC in November 1861

• They wanted to establish a base from which they could launch attacks

• After the fall of Port Royal, Charleston feared an attack

• The Union strategy was to prevent ships from importing or exporting from SC ports.

Capture of Port Royal

•Robert Smalls, a 23 year old slave who took a Confederate ship and navigated the harbor giving the appropriate signals to all of the Confederate forts he passed until he reached the Union blockade line where he surrendered the ship.

•Smalls provided the Union with valuable information about the fortifications around Charleston.

Robert Smalls

Emancipation Proclamation

• A War Strategy that Lincoln used • It only freed the slaves that were living in 11 southern states

that were in rebellion against the Union

• It did not free the slaves in the border states of MO, KY, MD, and DE

Emancipation Proclamation

Freed Slaves near Beaufort, SC

Second Siege of Charleston• Union forces laid siege to Charleston attacking from Port Royal and bombarding the city for over a year.

The Anaconda Plan or Scott's Great Snake is the name widely applied to an outline strategy for subduing the seceding states in the American Civil War. Proposed by General-in-Chief Winfield Scott, the plan emphasized the blockade of the Southern ports, and called for an advance down the Mississippi River to cut the South in two.

Fort Wagner• During the siege of Charleston the 54th Massachusetts regiment of African American soldiers led the charge on Fort Wagner at the mouth of the Charleston Harbor

54th Massachusetts Regiment

1st African American awarded the Medal of Honor

• Compare the differing impact of the Civil War on South Carolinians

Graffiti Activity

Women

Children

Men

African Americans

The Story of the H.L. Hunley

"Total War"

• A war that has an impact on every part of a nation. That includes military, business, industry, and even civilian life.

Sherman’s March to the Sea

Burning of Columbia

The South Surrenders