civil rights
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Civil Rights. Chapter 21 Section 3. African Americans Seek Equality. New direction Equality Change social / economic structures New leaders Attention turned to the North. The North. De facto segregation Exists by practice and custom - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
C H A P T E R 2 1S E C T I O N 3
CIVIL RIGHTS
AFRICAN AMERICANS SEEK EQUALITY
• New direction
• Equality
• Change social / economic structures
• New leaders
• Attention turned to the North
THE NORTH
• De facto segregation • Exists by practice and
custom• Harder to fight – because
you had to change peoples attitudes
• De jure segregation • By law
• “White Flight” • moved to Suburbs
• Decaying slums
• Deteriorating schools
• High unemployment• Nobody would hire
African Americans
URBAN VIOLENCE• Race Riots
• Watts, Los Angeles• August 11, 1965• Burned business• 34 killed• 1,000+ injured• 3,000+ arrested
• Wanted economic equality in jobs, housing and education
NEW LEADERS
• Malcolm X • (Little)
• Jailed at 20
• Studied teachings of the Nation of Islam• Black Muslims
• Islamic minister• preached Whites the cause of black condition• Separate from white society
• advocated Armed self-defense• http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=gRSgUTWffMQ&list=PLFF894240659A7ACE
CONT.• Broke from Nation of Islam
• Went on Pilgrimage to Mecca• Orthodox Islam• Racial equality• Attitude towards whites changed
• new slogan“Ballots or Bullets”• “well if you and I don’t use the ballot, we’re goig to be
forced to use the bullet, so let us try the bullet”
• February 21, 1965• Giving a speech in Harlem• Shot / killed
BLACK POWER
• James Meredith • (Ole Miss)• 225 mile walk to racist areas• “Walk against fear”• Tennessee to Jackson• Shot by white racist
• “We shall overrun”• Develop African American Pride• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cjvdHaOqiYI• People began to shift away from MLK’s peaceful ways
BLACK POWER
• Black Panthers• Fight Police brutality• Self-defense
• Self sufficiency
• Full employment
• Decent Housing
• Vietnam Draft • Unfair ratio
• Daycare centers
• Free breakfast program
• Free medical clinics
• Assistance to homeless
ASSASSINATIONS• April 4, 1968• Memphis, TN• Hotel Balcony• King is shot = Age of 39• Shooter = James Earl Ray
• Robert Kennedy • That night he made a speech / plea for nonviolence• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j6mxL2cqxrA• Killed June 1968• Jordanian Immigrant= Upset over Israeli support
• Riots exploded in over 100+ cities• Flames
LEGACY
• Civil Right Act of 1968• Ended discrimination in
housing
• School attendance increased• Led to better jobs /
business opportunities
• Greater pride in racial identity
• By 1970 • 2/3 (eligible) registered to
vote
• More elected officials
• Affirmative Action• Efforts to hire / enroll
groups that have suffered discrimination
• Reverse Discrimination?• Quotas