civil and environmental engineering applications
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications
![Page 2: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Geospatial Database: a set of compatible data layers or themes
![Page 3: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Relational Linkages
Spatial Attributes
Descriptive Attributes
Water RightLocations
![Page 4: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Digital Elevation ModelDigital Elevation Model
![Page 5: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Watershed DelineationWatershed Delineation
![Page 6: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Raster-Vector Data Model
Raster
Vector
Real World
![Page 7: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Map-Based Hydrology and Hydraulics
ArcViewInput Data
DEM
HEC-HMSFlood
discharge
HEC-RASWatersurfaceprofiles
ArcViewFlood
plain maps
CRWR-PrePro
![Page 8: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Engineering Design
• Evaluate impact of building a dam– Determine elevation of spillway– Determine aerial extent of reservoir– Delineate contributing watershed– Generate 3D view of reservoir
• Givens– Approximate location of dam– Normal capacity of 50 Mm3 (40,500 acre-ft)– Flood capacity of 100 Mm3 (81,000 acre-ft)
![Page 9: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Data Requirements
Elevation Data
1:24,000 DEM (Digital Elevation Model)
1:100,000 paper topographic map
DRG
1:24,000 DRG (Digital Raster Graphic)
![Page 10: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Digital Elevation Model
Raster or grid data
Scale1:24,000 (30m)
![Page 11: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Digital Raster Graphics
Raster dataScanned topographic map
Scale1:24,000 (30m)
![Page 12: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Separate Up/Downgradient
Location of Dam
• Draw polygon to remove area downgradient of dam
• Limits volume calculation to reservoir area
![Page 13: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Vector Data
• Used to represent discrete objects
• Point data - monuments, cities
• Line data - roads, rivers
• Vector data - boundaries, soil type
• Composed of distinct nodes & vertices
![Page 14: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Generate TIN
TIN - Triangular Irregular Network
•Stores elevations, or other continuous
data, by creating triangles in 3D space
•More efficient data storage
•Estimate volume for cut and fill operations
![Page 15: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Separate Up/Downgradient
• Creates two TINs
• Upgradient TIN can be used to determine dam elevation
![Page 16: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Determine Dam Elevation
Surface - Area and Volume Statistics
• Elevation
• Area above or below
![Page 17: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Dam Elevation
Elevation Volume Area ft m3 m2
224 50,656,491 12,117,735
227.1 100,777.495 18,487,230
Elevations determined by trial and error
![Page 18: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Generate Reservoir Image
Map AlgebraAllows user to alter grid data using mathematical tools
1
2 4
35
4
6 5+ =
If ( > 5, 1, 0) = 0
0
1 05
4
6 4
![Page 19: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Generate Reservoir Image
If (Elevation < 224, 1, 0)Boolean Image
![Page 20: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Generate Reservoir Image
If (Elevation < 227.1, 1, 0)Boolean Image
![Page 21: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Normal vs Flood Stage
Estimated reservoirs
can be compared
relative to each
other…..
![Page 22: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Normal vs Flood Stage
… merged
with a DRG ...
![Page 23: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Normal vs Flood Stage
… or compared
to the entire
watershed
![Page 24: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Generating 3D Image
Surface Elevation2D View
![Page 25: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
3D Image
Vertical Exaggeration Factor = 5
![Page 26: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
3D Image
Vertical Exaggeration Factor = 5
![Page 27: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
3D Image
Vertical Exaggeration Factor = 5
![Page 28: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
GIS for Water QualityGIS for Water Quality
E. coliE. coli 394 cfu/100 mL394 cfu/100 mLNot-to-ExceedNot-to-Exceed
126 cfu/100 mL126 cfu/100 mLGeometric MeanGeometric Mean
400 cfu/100 mL400 cfu/100 mLNot-to-ExceedNot-to-Exceed
200 cfu/100 mL200 cfu/100 mLGeometric MeanGeometric MeanFecal Fecal coliform coliform
![Page 29: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Buffalo and Whiteoak BayousBuffalo and Whiteoak Bayous
![Page 30: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Landuse in Buffalo and Whiteoak Landuse in Buffalo and Whiteoak BayousBayous
![Page 31: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
WWTP SamplingWWTP Sampling
Sampled WWTPSampled WWTP
![Page 32: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Storm Sewer SamplingStorm Sewer Sampling
EC (MPN/100 mL)0-394
> 394
![Page 33: Civil and Environmental Engineering Applications](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062716/56649dea5503460f94ae519a/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
““Computing is not about computers any more.Computing is not about computers any more.It is about livingIt is about living.”.”
Nicholas Negroponte, Founding Director of Nicholas Negroponte, Founding Director of MIT’s Media Lab. MIT’s Media Lab. Being DigitalBeing Digital (1995), p. 6. (1995), p. 6.