Fruit Variet

yDifferent kind of citrus fruits

Citrus Fruits The citrus fruits are beautiful and

fragrant plants , rich of vitamins and detoxing properties.

East Asian original but now spread to all continents, they are essential for a healthy diet.

Botanical name and species The best-know botanical name is

Citrus. The citrus name derives from the Latin

word acer, meaning "sour", with a clear reference to the flavor of this fruits.

Different species and botanical names Citrus Sinensis (Sweet oranges) Citrus Aurantium (Bitter oranges) Citrus paradisi (Grapefruits) Citrus medica (Cedars) Citrus limonum (Lemons) Citrus nobils (Mandarins)

Sweet Oranges Citrus Sinensis COMMON BLOND ORANGES Common oranges (round-shaped)

("Hamlin", "Valencia", "Shamouti", “Pera") are the most important group on commercial levels.

They mainly grown in more humid climates and are widely used for the transformation.

The United States and Brazil are the major producers of common oranges.

Sweet Oranges Citrus Sinensis

NAVEL ORANGES

Navel oranges (eg. C.V. "Washington", "Lane Late", "Navelina") are larger in size than the common oranges.

They are mostly sold as fresh fruit, because they contain the limonin, which give the bitter taste after processing.

The navel oranges are particularly susceptible to environmental stress. For example, high temperatures, between 35 and 40 ° C, may cause the loss of small fruits during the phase of flower production by the tree, especially in humid climates. The moisture-related stress can also cause significant yield reductions.

Sweet Oranges Citrus Sinensis BLOOD ORANGES

The production of pigmented oranges (blood) is limited mainly to Mediterranean climes and country.

Is mainly produced intended for the fresh market. The warm and the cool nights help the fruit to give

at his pulp a bright red color.

VARIETY OF ORANGES

Orange Calendar

MandarinsCitrus nobilis – Citrus reticulata blanco Mandarins can be divided into "common mandarins"

(including "tangerines" and "Clementine"), Mediterranean and satsumas.

This category also includes natural hybrids, such as crossings between mandarins and oranges (eg. "Temple", "Murcott 'and" Ortanique ") and artificial hybrids of tangerines and grapefruits and pomelos (mapo).

The mandarins are mainly produced for the fresh market and into wedges, for the canning industry (mainly satsumas). They are easier to peel and often contain fewer seeds compared to oranges. The juice, dark in color, may be mixed with other citrus juices to improve the color.

MandarinsCitrus nobilis – Citrus reticulata blanco COMMON MANDARINS The common Mandarin has a very adheres to the

fruit peel. As a result, the mandarins are less subject to damage from transport and better resistance to long-term storage. The main producers of mandarins are China, Spain and Japan.

The common Mandarin, known as "Clementine", it is particularly well adapted to the Mediterranean regions

MandarinsCitrus nobilis – Citrus reticulata blanco MEDITERRANEAN MANDARINS The Mediterranean mandarin also known as

tangerine delicious. This type of mandarin is rarely cultivated, because its fruits are small and tend to be damage due to skin not adherent and bloated.

MandarinsCitrus nobilis – Citrus reticulata blanco Satsuma

The satsuma (eg C.V. Shunsui Marc.) have fruits that are larger and easier to peel than most of the other types of mandarins.

Usually they are more oblate or obovate. The satsuma mandarins are situated to the fresh subtropical regions and to mature require less warm temperature and heat than other mandarins.

GrapefruitsCitrus paradisi

The grapefruit production is more limited compared to the sweet oranges and tangerines. Nearly half of the world production is concentrated in the United States.

For the best quality of grapefruits you need a lot of heat, so the plants are particularly located to tropical climates and in hot-humid subtropical climates.

The fruits that grown in Mediterranean climates are more acidic, they have a lower content of juice and a thicker peel.

Lemons and limeCitrus limonum

Between all commercial species of citrus, lemons and limes are the most sensitive to low temperature Temperatures should not fall below zero.

Limes are particularly produced in the tropical regions, while the lemons are mainly produced in semi-arid and arid climates, because they are not adapted to the humid regions, where the risk of illness for the fruit is higher.

The main producers of lemons and limes are Mexico, India and Argentina.

Lemons have the highest acid content, which is included between 5 and 8%

Lemons have the lowest content of total soluble solids, which varies from 7 to 9%. They are grown for sale as fresh fruit and for the essential oils contained in their peels

LemonsCitrus limonum

Variety of lemons present in sicily

• Femminello Santa Teresa

• Femminello Continella

• Interdonato

LemonsCitrus limonum