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CITATIONS TO THE WORK OF

William J. RapaportDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering

Department of Philosophy, Department of Linguistics,and Center for Cognitive Science

State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY [email protected]

http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/∼rapaport/

March 19, 2020

Summary:Listed below are 759 non-self-referential citations (plus 9 “miscellaneous” references),

distributed as follows(with 5 publications of unknown date):

Year # citations: Year # citations1978 1 2000 201979 3 2001 91980 3 2002 181982 7 2003 211983 7 2004 231984 2 2005 111985 8 2006 211986 25 2007 131987 8 2008 251988 16 2009 241989 36 2010 191990 35 2011 161991 34 2012 121992 27 2013 151993 31 2014 201994 19 2015 151995 22 2016 151996 22 2017 151997 27 2018 291998 20 2019 221999 22 2020 15

Note: Works cited are listed in chronological order.

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1. Rapaport, William J. (1976), “On Cogito Propositions”, Philosophical Studies 29: 63–68.

1. Landini, Gregory (compiler) (1986), “Philosophical Bibliography of Hector-Neri Castaneda”, in James E.Tomberlin (ed.), Hector-Neri Castaneda (Dordrecht, The Netherlands: D. Reidel): 395–434.

2. Rojek, Paweł (2019), “God and Cogito: Semen Frank on the Ontological Argument”, Studies in EastEuropean Thought, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11212-019-09326-5

2. Rapaport, William J. (1976), Intentionality and the Structure of Existence, Ph.D. dissertation, Departmentof Philosophy, Indiana University.

1. Zalta, Edward N. (1983), Abstract Objects: An Introduction to Axiomatic Metaphysics (Dordrecht, TheNetherlands: D. Reidel).

2. Orayen, Raul (1984), “On the Inconsistency of Meinong’s Ontology”, in Jorge J. E. Gracia (ed.), Philo-sophical Analysis in Latin America (Dordrecht, The Netherlands: D. Reidel): 115–139.

3. Castaneda, Hector-Neri (1986), “Replies”, in James E. Tomberlin (ed.), Hector-Neri Castaneda (Dord-recht, The Netherlands: D. Reidel): 333–391


5. Orilia, Francesco (1987), “Definite Descriptions and Existence Attribution”, Topoi 6: 133–138.

6. Zalta, Edward N. (1987), “Erzahlung als Taufe des Helden: Wie man auf fiktionale Objeckte Bezugnimmt” (German translation, by Arnold Gunther, of “Referring to Fictional Characters”, paper (in English)presented at the American Philosophical Association Pacific Division meeting (March 1985)), Zeitschriftfur Semiotik 9(1–2): 85–95.

7. Orilia, Francesco (1991), “Type-Free Property Theory, Bradley’s Regress and Meinong and Russell Rec-onciled”, Grazer Philosophische Studien 39: 103–125.

8. Orilia, Francesco (1994), “Belief Representation in a Deductivist Type-Free Doxastic Logic”, Minds andMachines 4(2) (May): 163–203.

9. Orilia, Francesco (2002), Ulisse, il quadrato rotondo e l’attuale re di Francia (Pisa, Italy: Edizioni ETS).

10. Nelson, Michael (2012), “Existence”, in Edward N. Zalta (ed.), Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy,http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/existence/

11. Sendłak, Maciej (2012), “Wyglady, Identycznosc i Przedmioty Nieistniejace” (“Guises, Identity and Nonex-istent Objects”), Diametros 31 (March): 56–87.

12. Mari, Laura; & Paoletti, Michele Paolini (2013), “Foreword” to special issue on “Meinong Strikes Again:Return to Impossible Objects 100 Years Later”, guest edited by Laura Mari & Michele Paolini Paoletti,Humana.Mente: Journal of Philosophical Studies 25 (December): III–XVI.

13. Orilia, Francesco (2013), “Guise Theory Revisited”, in special issue on “Meinong Strikes Again: Re-turn to Impossible Objects 100 Years Later”, guest edited by Laura Mari & Michele Paolini Paoletti,Humana.Mente: Journal of Philosophical Studies 25 (December): 53–76.

14. Landini, Gregory (2014), “Clark’s Paradox of Castaneda’s Guises: A Brief Memoir”, in Adriano Palma(ed.), Castaneda and His Guises: Essays on the Work of Hector-Neri Castaneda (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter):67–82.

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3. Rapaport, William J. (1978), “Meinongian Theories and a Russellian Paradox,” Nous 12: 153–180;errata, Nous 13 (1979) 125.

1. Castaneda, Hector-Neri (1978), “Philosophical Method and the Theory of Predication and Identity”, Nous12: 189–210.

2. Parsons, Terence (1979), “The Methodology of Nonexistence”, Journal of Philosophy 76(11) (November):649–662.

3. Routley, Richard (1979), Exploring Meinong’s Jungle and Beyond (Canberra: Australian National Univer-sity, Research School of Social Sciences, Department of Philosophy).

4. Castaneda, Hector-Neri (1980), On Philosophical Method (Bloomington, IN: Nous Publications).

5. Kalsi, Marie-Luise Schubert (1980), “On Meinong’s Pseudo-Objects”, Southwestern Journal of Philoso-phy 11: 115–123.

• “The following paper is a consequence of my reading [Rapaport 1978].” (p. 122, n. 1.)

6. McMichael, Alan; & Zalta, Ed (1980), “An Alternative Theory of Nonexistent Objects”, Journal of Philo-sophical Logic 9(3) (August): 297–313.

7. Fine, Kit (1982), “The Problem of Non-Existents: I. Internalism”, Topoi 1 (1&2) (December): 97–140.

8. Jacquette, Dale (1982), “Meinong’s Theory of Defective Objects”, Grazer Philosophische Studien 15:1–19.

9. Lambert, Karel (1982), “A Logical Interpretation of Meinong’s Principle of Independence”, Topoi 1 (1&2)(December): 87–96.

10. Clark, Romane L. (1983), “Predication Theory: Guised and Disguised”, in James E. Tomberlin (ed.),Agent, Language, and the Structure of the World: Essays Presented to Hector-Neri Castaneda, with HisReplies (Indianapolis: Hackett): 111–129.

11. Lambert, Karel (1983), Meinong and the Principle of Independence: Its Place in Meinong’s Theory of Ob-jects and Its Significance in Contemporary Philosophical Logic (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge UniversityPress).

12. Pasniczek, Jacek (1983), “Meinongian Semantics: Some Perspectives”, Studies in Logic, Grammar, andRhetoric (Warsaw: Warsaw University, Białystok Branch), Vol. 3, pp. 39–84.

13. Zalta, Edward N. (1983), Abstract Objects: An Introduction to Axiomatic Metaphysics (Dordrecht, TheNetherlands: D. Reidel).

14. Fine, Kit (1984), “Critical Review of Parsons’ Non-Existent Objects”, Philosophical Studies 45: 95–142.

15. Landini, Gregory (1985), “Salvaging ‘The F-er Is F’: The Lesson of Clark’s Paradox”, PhilosophicalStudies 48: 129–136.

16. Yourgrau, Palle (1985), “Sets, Aggregates, and Numbers”, Canadian Journal of Philosophy 15(4) (De-cember): 581–592.

17. Lambert, Karel (1985/1986), “Nonexistent Objects: Why Theories about Them Are Important”, GrazerPhilosophische Studien 25/26: 439–446.

18. Zalta, Edward N. (1985/1986), “Lambert, Mally, and the Principle of Independence”, Grazer Philosophis-che Studien 25/26: 447–459.


20. Simons, Peter (1986), “Alexius Meinong: Gegenstande, die es nicht gibt”, in Josef Speck (ed.), Grund-probleme der großen Philosophen, Philosophie der Neuzeit IV (Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht):91–127.

21. Orilia, Francesco (1987), Review of Edward N. Zalta’s Abstract Objects, in Nous 21: 270–276.

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22. Zalta, Edward N. (1987), “On the Structural Similarities between Worlds and Times”, Philosophical Stud-ies 51(2) (March): 213–239.

23. Castaneda, Hector-Neri (1988), “Persons, Egos, and I’s: Their Sameness Relations”, in M. Spitzer,F. A. Uehlin, & G. Oepen (eds.), Psychopathology and Philosophy (Berlin: Springer-Verlag): 210–234.

24. Castaneda, Hector-Neri (1988), “The Semantics of Thinking, Dia-Philosophical Pluralism, and Guise The-ory”, Metaphilosophy 19(2) (April): 79–104.

25. Grim, Patrick (1988), “Logic and Limits of Knowledge and Truth”, Nous 22: 341–367.

26. Simons, Peter M. (1988), “Uber das, was es nicht gibt: Die Meinong-Russell-Kontroverse” (“On WhatThere Isn’t: The Meinong-Russell Controversy”), Zeitschrift fur Semiotik 10(4): 399–426.

27. Zalta, Edward N. (1988), Intensional Logic and the Metaphysics of Intentionality (Cambridge, MA: MITPress).

28. Castaneda, Hector-Neri (1989), “Semantic Holism without Semantic Socialism: Twin Earths, Thinking,Language, Bodies, and the World”, in Peter A. French; Theodore E. Uehling, Jr.; & Howard K. Wettstein(eds.), Contemporary Perspectives in the Philosophy of Language II, Midwest Studies in Philosophy (NotreDame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press) 14: 101–126.

29. Castaneda, Hector-Neri (1989), Thinking, Language, and Experience (Minneapolis: University of Min-nesota Press).

30. Jacquette, Dale (1989), “Mally’s Heresy and the Logic of Meinong’s Object Theory”, History and Philos-ophy of Logic 10: 1–14.

31. Maloney, J. Christopher (1989), The Mundane Matter of the Mental Language (Cambridge, U.K.: Cam-bridge University Press).

32. Orilia, Francesco (1989), “Identity across Frames”, in Ermanno Bencivenga et al. (eds.), Topoi, Supp. Vol.4: 84–96.

33. Hirst, Graeme (1991), “Existence Assumptions in Knowledge Representation”, Artificial Intelligence 49:199–242.

34. Linsky, Bernard; & Zalta, Edward N. (1991), “Is Lewis a Meinongian?”, Australasian Journal of Philoso-phy 69(4) (December): 438–453.

35. Orilia, Francesco (1991), “Type-Free Property Theory, Bradley’s Regress and Meinong and Russell Rec-onciled”, Grazer Philosophische Studien 39: 103–125.

36. Kroon, Frederick W. (1992), “Was Meinong Only Pretending?”, Philosophy and Phenomenological Re-search 52: 499–527.

37. Simons, Peter (1992), Philosophy and Logic in Central Europe from Bolzano to Tarski: Selected Essays(Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers).

38. Zalta, Edward N. (1992), “On Mally’s Alleged Heresy: A Reply”, History and Philosophy of Logic 13:59–68.

39. Pasniczek, Jacek (1993), “The Simplest Meinongian Logic”, Logique et Analyse 143/144: 329–342.

40. Perszyk, Kenneth J. (1993), Nonexistent Objects: Meinong and Contemporary Philosophy (Dordrecht,The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers).

41. Zalta, Edward N. (1993), “Twenty-Five Basic Theorems in Situation and World Theory”, Journal of Philo-sophical Logic 22: 385–428.

42. Pasniczek, Jacek (1994), “Ways of Reference to Meinongian Objects: Ontological Commitments ofMeinongian Theories”, Logic and Logical Philosophy 2: 69–86.

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43. Haller, Rudolf, & Fabian, Reinhard (1995), “Alexius Meinong und die Schule der Gegenstandstheorie”, inThomas Binder, Ulf Hofer, & Jutta Valent (eds.), Alexius Meinong: Die Grazer Schule der Gegenstands-theorie und Psychologie (Graz: Karl-Franzens-Universitat Graz): 7–28.• Reprinted in Kurt Freisitzer, Walter Hoflechner, Hans-Ludwig Holzer, & Wolfgang Mantl (eds.), Tra-

dition und Herausforderung: 400 Jahre Universitat Graz (Graz, Austria: Akademische Druck- u.Verlagsanstalt): 277–291.

44. Pasniczek, Jacek (1995), “Are Contradictions Still Lurking in Meinongian Theories of Objects?”, in RudolfHaller (ed.), Meinong and the Theory of Objects, Grazer Philosophische Studien 50: 293–303.

45. Parsons, Terence (1995), “Meinongian Semantics Generalized”, in Rudolf Haller (ed.), Meinong and theTheory of Objects, Grazer Philosophische Studien 50: 145–161.

46. Jacquette, Dale (1996), Meinongian Logic: The Semantics of Existence and Nonexistence (Berlin: Walterde Gruyter).

47. Tomberlin, James E. (1996), “Actualism or Possibilism”, Philosophical Studies 84: 263–281.48. Landini, Gregory (1998), “Russell’s Intensional Logic of Propositions: A Resurrection of Logicism?”,

in Franceso Orilia & William J. Rapaport (eds.) (1998), Thought, Language, and Ontology: Essays inMemory of Hector-Neri Castaneda (Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers): 61–93

49. Pasniczek, Jacek (1998), The Logic of Intentional Objects: A Meinongian Version of Classical Logic(Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers).

50. Castaneda, Hector-Neri (1999), The Phenomeno-Logic of the I: Essays on Self-Consciousness, ed. byJames G. Hart & Tomis Kapitan (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press).

51. Zalta, Edward N. (1999), “Natural Numbers and Natural Cardinals as Abstract Objects: A Partial Recon-struction of Frege’s Grundgesetze in Object Theory”, Journal of Philosophical Logic 28: 619–660.

52. Pelletier, Francis Jeffry; & Zalta, Edward N. (2000), “How to Say Goodbye to the Third Man”, Nous 34(2):165–202.

53. Orilia, Francesco (2002), Ulisse, il quadrato rotondo e l’attuale re di Francia (Pisa, Italy: Edizioni ETS).54. Belohrad, Radim (2003), “Novomeinongovske pojetı existence” (The Neo-Meinongian Conception of Ex-

istence), Filosoficky Casopis 51(1): 57–69.55. Millican, Peter (2004), “The One Fatal Flaw in Anselm’s Argument”, Mind 113(451) (July): 437–476.56. Barbero, Carola (2005), Madame Bovary: Something like a Melody (Milan: Edizioni AlboVersorio).57. Reicher, Maria E. (2005), “Russell, Meinong, and the Problem of Existent Nonexistents”, in Bernard

Linsky & Guido Imaguire (eds.), On Denoting: 1905–2005 (Munchen: Philosophia Verlag): 167–193.58. Barbero, Carola (2006), “Madame Bovary as a Higher-Order Object”, in Andrea Bottani & Richard Davies

(eds.), Modes of Existence: Papers in Ontology and Philosophical Logic (Heusenstamm, Germany: OntosVerlag): 173–190.

59. Barbero, Carola (2006), “Cry for a Shadow: Emotions and Object Theory”, in Venanzio Raspa (ed.),Meinongian Issues in Contemporary Italian Philosophy (Heusenstamm, Germany: Ontos Verlag): 181–211.

60. Zalta, Edward N. (2006), “Deriving and Validating Kripkean Claims Using the Theory of Abstract Ob-jects”, Nous 40(4): 591–622.

61. Zalta, Edward N. (2006), “Essence and Modality”, Mind 115(459) (July): 659–693.62. Woods, John (2007), “Fictions and Their Logic”, in Dale Jacquette (ed.), Philosophy of Logic (Amsterdam:

Elsevier): 1061–1126.63. Barz, Wolfgang (2008), “Aussersein des reinen Gegenstandes—ein Beruhrungspunkt zwischen Meinong

und Quine” (“Aussersein of Pure Objects—A Point of Contact between Meinong and Quine”), Zeitschriftfur philosophische Forschung 62(3): 358–384.1

1Library research sources unintentionally humorously mistranslate this as “Beside Itself of a True Item—Point of Contact between Opinion andQuine”! The German for ‘opinion’ is ‘Meinung’.

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64. Hieke, Alexander, & Zecha, Gerhard (2008), “Ernst Mally”, in Edward N. Zalta (ed.), The Stanford Ency-clopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2008 Edition), http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2008/entries/mally.

65. Reicher, Maria (2008), “Nonexistent Objects”, in Edward N. Zalta (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia ofPhilosophy (Fall 2008 Edition) http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2008/entries/nonexistent-objects/.

66. Yagisawa, Takashi (2008), “Possible Objects”, in Edward N. Zalta (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia ofPhilosophy (Fall 2008 Edition) http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2008/entries/possible-objects/.

67. Feit, Neil (2009), “Naming and Nonexistence”, Southern Journal of Philosophy 47: 239–262.

68. Marek, Johann (2009), “Alexius Meinong”, in Edward N. Zalta (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Phi-losophy (Summer 2009 Edition) http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2009/entries/meinong/.

69. Voltolini, Alberto (2009), “Consequences of Schematism”, Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 8:135–150.

70. Mousavian, Seyed N. (2010), “Neo-Meinongian Neo-Russellians”, Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 91:229–259.

71. Kroon, Fred; & Voltolini, Alberto (2011), “Fiction”, in Edward N. Zalta (ed.), Stanford Encyclopedia ofPhilosophy, https://plato.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/encyclopedia/archinfo.cgi?entry=fiction

72. Berto, Francesco (2012), Existence as a Real Property: The Ontology of Meinongianism (Springer).

73. Sendłak, Maciej (2012), “Wyglady, Identycznosc i Przedmioty Nieistniejace” (“Guises, Identity and Nonex-istent Objects”), Diametros 31 (March): 56–87.

74. Mari, Laura; & Paoletti, Michele Paolini (2013), “Foreword” to special issue on “Meinong Strikes Again:Return to Impossible Objects 100 Years Later”, guest edited by Laura Mari & Michele Paolini Paoletti,Humana.Mente: Journal of Philosophical Studies 25 (December): III–XVI.

75. Orilia, Francesco (2013), “Guise Theory Revisited”, in special issue on “Meinong Strikes Again: Re-turn to Impossible Objects 100 Years Later”, guest edited by Laura Mari & Michele Paolini Paoletti,Humana.Mente: Journal of Philosophical Studies 25 (December): 53–76.

76. Salis, Fiora (2013), “Fictional Entities”, in Joao Branquinho & Ricardo Santos (eds.), Online Companionto Problems of Analytic Philosophy 2012–2015 FCT Project PTDC/FIL-FIL/121209/2010 (Lisbon: Centrode Filosofia), http://repositorio.ul.pt/jspui/bitstream/10451/10860/1/Fictional%20Entities3 Salis,%20Fiora Companion2013.pdf

77. Bueno, Otavio; Menzel, Christopher; & Zalta, Edward N. (2014), “Worlds and Propositions Set Free”,Erkenntnis 79(4): 797–820.

78. Voltolini, Alberto (2013), “There Are Intentionalia of Which It Is True that Such Objects Do Not Exist”,International Journal of Philosophical Studies 21(3): 394–414.

79. Bueno, Otavio, and Zalta, Edward N. (2017), “Object Theory and Modal Meinongianism”, AustraliasianJournal of Philosophy, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048402.2016.1260609

80. Mualem, Shlomy (2017), “Ontology and Metaphysics: The Fantastical Object in Borges’ Fictions”, LatinAmerican Literary Review 44(87): 34–44.

81. Kroon, Fred; & Voltolini, Alberto, “Fictional Entities”, in Edward N. Zalta (ed.), Stanford Encyclopedia ofPhilosophy (Winter 2018 Edition), https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2018/entries/fictional-entities/

82. Pribram-Day, Ivory (2018), “Meinong’s Multifarious Being and Russell’s Ontological Variable: Being inTwo Object Theories across Traditions at the Turn of the 20th Century”, Open Philosophy 1: 310–326.

83. Yagisawa, Takashi (2018), “Possible Objects”, in Edward N. Zalta (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia ofPhilosophy (Spring 2018 Edition), https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2018/entries/possible-objects/.

84. Sambrotta, Mirco (2019), “Scientific Models and Metalinguistic Negotiation”, Theoria: An InternationalJournal for Theory, History and Foundations of Science 34(2): 277–295.

85. See also Miscellaneous items 3, 7, below.

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4. Rapaport, William J. (1979), “An Adverbial Meinongian Theory”, Analysis 39: 75–81.

1. Castaneda, Hector-Neri (1979), “Philosophical Method and Direct Awareness of the Self”, in GrazerPhilosophische Studien 7/8: 1-58.


3. Smith, Barry (1985/1986), “The Substitution Theory of Art”, Grazer Philosophische Studien 25/26: 533–557.



6. Pasniczek, Jacek (1996), “The Relational vs. Directional Conception of Intentionality”, in Anna Zeidler-Janiszewska (ed.), Epistemology and History, Poznan Studies in the Philosophy of the Sciences and theHumanities, 47: 373–380.



9. See also Miscellaneous item 3, below.

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5. Rapaport, William J. (1981), “How to Make the World Fit Our Language: An Essay in MeinongianSemantics”, Grazer Philosophische Studien 14: 1–21.


2. Pasniczek, Jacek (1983), “Meinongian Semantics: Some Perspectives”, Studies in Logic, Grammar, andRhetoric (Warsaw: Warsaw University, Białystok Branch), Vol. 3, pp. 39–84.

3. Yourgrau, Palle (1985), “Sets, Aggregates, and Numbers”, Canadian Journal of Philosophy 15(4) (De-cember): 581–592.


5. Grim, Patrick (1988), “Logic and Limits of Knowledge and Truth”, Nous 22: 341–367.



8. Jahren, Neal (1990), “Can Semantics Be Syntactic?”, Synthese 82(3) (March): 309–328.

• Reprinted in James H. Fetzer, Epistemology and Cognition (Dordrecht, The Netherlands: KluwerAcademic Publishers, 1991).


10. Miller, Michael J.; & Perlis, Donald (1991), “Typicality Constraints and Range Defaults: Some Pros andCons of a Cognitive Model of Default Reasoning”, in Z.W. Ras & M. Zemankova (eds.), Methodologiesfor Intelligent Systems: 6th International Symposium, ISMIS ’91, Charlotte, NC, USA, October 16–19,1991, Proceedings (Berlin: Springer Lecture Notes in Computer Science 542): 560–569.




14. Tomberlin, James E. (1996), “Actualism or Possibilism”, Philosophical Studies 84: 263–281.


16. Barbero, Carola (2005), Madame Bovary: Something like a Melody (Milan: Edizioni AlboVersorio).

17. Reicher, Maria (2008), “Nonexistent Objects”, in Edward N. Zalta (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia ofPhilosophy (Fall 2008 Edition) http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2008/entries/nonexistent-objects/.


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6. Rapaport, William J. (1982), “Unsolvable Problems and Philosophical Progress”, 1982 Prize Essay,American Philosophical Quarterly 19: 289–298.

1. Anonymous (1983), “Comparative Bibliography”, History in Africa 10: 415–443.

2. Rescher, Nicholas (1985), The Strife of Systems: An Essay on the Grounds and Implications of Philosoph-ical Diversity (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press).


4. Hite, Molly (2010), “Tonal Cues and Uncertain Values: Affect and Ethics in Mrs. Dalloway”, Narrative18(3) (October): 249–275.

5. Rescher, Nicholas (2014), Metaphilosophy: Philosophy in Philosophical Perspective (Lanham, MD: Lex-ington Books/Rowman & Littlefield).

6. Stoljar, Daniel (2017), Philosophical Progress: In Defence of a Reasonable Optimism (Oxford: OxfordUniversity Press).

7. Sierotowicz, Tadeusz (2018?), “Paczka wiary, noz nauki i kurz zwatpienia Filozoficzno-Literacki Midraszo dialogu nauka-filozofia-teologia”, Centrum Koper=nika Badan Interdyscyplinarnych-Krakow.

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7. Rapaport, William J. (1983), “Meinong, Defective Objects, and (Psycho-)Logical Paradox”, GrazerPhilosophische Studien 18: 17–39.




4. Simons, Peter (1992), “On What There Isn’t: The Meinong-Russell Dispute”, in Peter Simons (ed.), Phi-losophy and Logic in Central Europe from Bolzano to Tarski: Selected Essays (Dordrecht, The Nether-lands: Kluwer Academic Publishers): 159–191.



7. Haller, Rudolf, & Fabian, Reinhard (1995), “Alexius Meinong und die Schule der Gegenstandstheorie”, inThomas Binder, Ulf Hofer, & Jutta Valent (eds.), Alexius Meinong: Die Grazer Schule der Gegenstands-theorie und Psychologie (Graz: Karl-Franzens-Universitat Graz): 7–28.

• Reprinted in Kurt Freisitzer, Walter Hoflechner, Hans-Ludwig Holzer, & Wolfgang Mantl (eds.), Tra-dition und Herausforderung: 400 Jahre Universitat Graz (Graz, Austria: Akademische Druck- u.Verlagsanstalt): 277–291.








8. Rapaport, William J. (1984), “Can Philosophy Solve Its Own Problems?” The [SUNY] News 13 (May/June1984): F2–F3.

• Landini, Gregory (compiler) (1986), “Philosophical Bibliography of Hector-Neri Castaneda”, in James E.Tomberlin (ed.), Hector-Neri Castaneda (Dordrecht, The Netherlands: D. Reidel): 395–434.

9. Rapaport, William J. (1984), “Critical Thinking and Cognitive Development”, Proceedings of the Ameri-can Philosophical Association 57(5) (May): 610–615.

• Benjamin, Martin (1989), “A Seminar on Teaching Philosophy”, American Philosophical AssociationNewsletter on Teaching Philosophy 89(1) (Fall): 9–13.

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10. Rapaport, William J. (1984), Critical study of Richard Routley’s Exploring Meinong’s Jungle and Beyond,in Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 44(4): 539–552.






6. Paoletti, Michele Paolini (2013), “Commentary [on] Exploring Meinong’s Jungle and Beyond: An Investi-gation of Noneism and the Theory of Items, in special issue on “Meinong Strikes Again: Return to Impos-sible Objects 100 Years Later”, guest edited by Laura Mari & Michele Paolini Paoletti, Humana.Mente:Journal of Philosophical Studies 25 (December): 275–292.

7. Hyde, Dominic; Casati, Filippo; & Weber, Zach, “Richard Sylvan [Routley]”, in Edward N. Zalta (ed.),The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2019 Edition), https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2019/entries/sylvan-routley/.


11. Rapaport, William J. (1984), “Belief Representation and Quasi-Indicators”, M.S. Thesis Technical Report215 (Buffalo: SUNY Buffalo Department of Computer Science).


2. Pollock, John L. (1986), Contemporary Theories of Knowledge (Totowa, NJ: Rowman & Littlefield).


4. Pollock, John L., and Cruz, Joseph (1999), Contemporary Theories of Knowledge, Second Edition (Lan-ham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield).

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12. Rapaport, William J., & Shapiro, Stuart C. (1984), “Quasi-Indexical Reference in Propositional SemanticNetworks”, Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING-84,Stanford University) (Morristown, NJ: Association for Computational Linguistics): 65–70.

1. Brachman, Ronald J., & Levesque, Hector J. (1985), “A Knowledge Representation Bibliography”, inBrachman, Ronald J., & Levesque, Hector J. (eds.) Readings in Knowledge Representation (San Mateo,CA: Morgan Kaufmann): 537–563, citation on p. 556.

2. Barnden, John A. (1986), “A Viewpoint Distinction in the Representation of Propositional Attitudes”,Proceedings of the 5th National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-86, Philadelphia) (Los Altos,CA: Morgan Kaufmann): 411–415.

3. Barnden, John A. (1986), “Imputations and Explications: Representational Problems in Treatments ofPropositional Attitudes”, Cognitive Science 10: 319–364.


5. Pollock, John L. (1986), Contemporary Theories of Knowledge (Totowa, NJ: Rowman & Littlefield).

6. Maida, Anthony S. (1989), “The Propositional Version of the Knowledge Representation Hypothesis”,Technical Report CS-89-16 (University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Department of ComputerScience).

7. Maida, Anthony S. (1990), “The Society of Cognitive Scientists: A Metaphor for Belief Reasoning”,Technical Report, Department of Computer Science, Pennsylvania State University.

8. Maida, Anthony S. (1991), “Maintaining Mental Models of Agents Who Have Existential Misconcep-tions”, Artificial Intelligence 50: 331–383.

9. Pollock, John L., and Cruz, Joseph (1999), Contemporary Theories of Knowledge, Second Edition (Lan-ham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield).

13. Rapaport, William J. (1984), “Comments on Dibrell’s ‘Persons and the Intentional Stance’,” oral com-ments delivered at the Creighton Club/New York State Philosophical Association (April 1984; Cazenovia,NY).

• Dibrell, William (1988), “Persons and the Intentional Stance”, Journal of Critical Analysis 9(1): 13–25.

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14. Schagrin, Morton L.; Rapaport, William J.; & Dipert, Randall R. (1985), Logic: A Computer Approach(New York: McGraw-Hill).

• Japanese translation, Logic and Algorithms, by Takemasa Ooya (Tokyo: McGraw-Hill Japan, 1986).

• Italian translation, Logica e Computer, by Gianfranco Forni, revised by Marco Colombetti (Milan: McGraw-Hill Libri Italia, 1986).

• Italian student edition, Logica e Computer, by Gianfranco Forni, adapted by Maria Cristina Valenti (Milan:McGraw-Hill Libri Italia, Divisione scuola, 1986).

1. Tymoczko, Thomas (1986), Review of Schagrin, Rapaport, & Dipert 1985, Teaching Philosophy 9(1):78–80.

2. Jason, Gary (1987), Review of Schagrin, Rapaport, & Dipert 1985, Philosophia 17(4) (December): 557–558.

3. Keyworth, Donald (1987), Review of Schagrin, Rapaport, & Dipert 1985, Computers & Philosophy 2(3).

4. Ketner, Kenneth Laine (1988), “Peirce and Turing: Comparisons and Conjectures”, Semiotica 68(1/2):33–61.

5. Alchourron, Carlos E., & Martino, Antonio A. (1989), “A Sketch of Logic without Truth”, in Proceedingsof the 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law (Vancouver) (New York: ACMPress): 165–179.

6. Godlovitch, Stan (1990), “SANDY v 3.06—A Critical Review”, Computers & Philosophy 5(1): 24–60.

7. Evans, Fred (1993), Psychology and Nihilism: A Genealogical Critique of the Computational Philosophyof Mind (Albany: SUNY Press).

8. Floridi, Luciano (1999), Philosophy and Computing (London: Routledge).

9. Gabbay, Dov M.; & Woods, John (2003), Agenda Relevance: A Study in Formal Pragmatics, Vol. 1 of APractical Logic of Cognitive Systems (Amsterdam: Elsevier North-Holland).

10. Morineau, Thierry (2011), “Turing Machine Task Analysis: A Method for Modeling Affordnces in theDesign Process”, International Journal of Design Engineering 4(1): 58–70.

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15. Rapaport, William J. (1985), “Meinongian Semantics for Propositional Semantic Networks”, Proceed-ings of the 23rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (University of Chicago)(Morristown, NJ: Association for Computational Linguistics): 43–48.

1. Habel, Christopher U. (1986), “Plurals, Cardinalities, and Structures of Determination”, Proceedings ofthe 11th International Conference On Computational Linguistics (COLING-86, Bonn) (Morristown, NJ:Association for Computational Linguistics): 62–64.


3. Israel, David (1989), Review of Rapaport 1986 [Item 21, above], Journal of Symbolic Logic 54(2): 617-618.







9. Marcu, Daniel (1995), “A Formalism and an Algorithm for Computing Pragmatic Inferences and DetectingInfelicities”, M.Sc thesis (University of Toronto), https://www.researchgate.net/publication/35014755 Aformalism and an algorithm for computing pragmatic inferences and detecting infelicities microform

10. Marcu, Daniel; & Hirst, Graeme (1995), “An Implemented Formalism for Computing Linguistic Presup-positions and Existential Commitments”, International Workshop on Computational Sematnics;https://www.researchgate.net/publication/2610314 An Implemented Formalism for Computing LinguisticPresuppositions and Existential Commitments/file/79e4150a44174c6701.pdf?ev=pub int doc dl&origin=publication detail&inViewer=true

11. Yagisawa, Takashi (2008), “Possible Objects”, in Edward N. Zalta (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia ofPhilosophy (Fall 2008 Edition)http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2008/entries/possible-objects/.


16. Rapaport, William J. (1985), “Machine Understanding and Data Abstraction in Searle’s Chinese Room”,Proceedings of the 7th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (University of California atIrvine) (Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates): 341–345.

1. Cole, David; Fetzer, James H.; & Rankin, Terry L. (1990), Philosophy, Mind, and Cognitive Inquiry: Re-sources for Understanding Mental Processes (Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers).



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17. Rapaport, William J. (1985, unpublished version), “Meinongian Semantics and Artificial Intelligence”;originally scheduled to appear in Peter Simons (ed.), Essays on Meinong (Amsterdam: Rodopi Editions).

• Published version appears as:Rapaport, William J. (2013), “Meinongian Semantics and Artificial Intelligence”, special issue on “MeinongStrikes Again: Return to Impossible Objects 100 Years Later”, guest edited by Laura Mari & MichelePaolini Paoletti, Humana.Mente: Journal of Philosophical Studies 25 (December): 25–52.

1. Barnden, John A. (1986), “Imputations and Explications: Representational Problems in Treatments ofPropositional Attitudes”, Cognitive Science 10: 319–364.




18. Rapaport, William J. (1985), “To Be and Not To Be”, Nous 19: 255–271.

1. Bencivenga, Ermanno (1985/1986), “Meinong: A Critique from the Left”, Grazer Philosophische Studien25/26: 461–483.





6. Yagisawa, Takashi (2018), “Possible Objects”, in Edward N. Zalta (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia ofPhilosophy (Spring 2018 Edition), https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2018/entries/possible-objects/.


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19. Rapaport, William J. (1985/1986), “Non-Existent Objects and Epistemological Ontology,” GrazerPhilosophische Studien 25/26: 61–95.

• Reprinted in Rudolf Haller (ed.), Non-Existence and Predication (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1986).

1. Castaneda, Hector-Neri (1988), “Persons, Egos, and I’s: Their Sameness Relations”, in M. Spitzer,F.A. Uehlin, & G. Oepen (eds.), Psychopathology and Philosophy (Berlin: Springer-Verlag): 210–234.

2. Castaneda, Hector-Neri (1988), “The Semantics of Thinking, Dia-Philosophical Pluralism, and Guise The-ory”, Metaphilosophy 19(2) (April): 79–104.

3. Castaneda, Hector-Neri (1989), “Semantic Holism without Semantic Socialism: Twin Earths, Thinking,Language, Bodies, and the World”, in Peter A. French; Theodore E. Uehling, Jr.; & Howard K. Wettstein(eds.), Contemporary Perspectives in the Philosophy of Language II, Midwest Studies in Philosophy (NotreDame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press) 14: 101–126.




7. Pasniczek, Jacek (1994), “Ways of Reference to Meinongian Objects: Ontological Commitments of Meinon-gian Theories”, Logic and Logical Philosophy 2: 69–86.






13. Barbero, Carola (2006), “Cry for a Shadow: Emotions and Object Theory”, in Venanzio Raspa (ed.),Meinongian Issues in Contemporary Italian Philosophy (Heusenstamm, Germany: Ontos Verlag): 181–211.

14. Marek, Johann (2009), “Alexius Meinong”, in Edward N. Zalta (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Phi-losophy (Summer 2009 Edition)http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2009/entries/meinong/.


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20. Rapaport, William J. (1986), “Philosophy, Artificial Intelligence, and the Chinese-Room Argument”,Abacus 3 (Summer 1986) 6–17; correspondence, Abacus 4 (Winter 1987) 6–7, Abacus 4 (Spring 1987) 5–7.

1. Mayoh, Brian (1988), “On Formalisms”, BIT Numerical Mathematics 28(3) (September): 412–426.




4. Edgar, Stacey L. (1997), Morality and Machines: Perspectives on Computer Ethics (Sudbury, MA: Jonesand Bartlett), Ch. 12.

5. Mooney, Vincent John, III (1997), “Searle’s Chinese Room and Its Aftermath”, Report No. CSLI-97-202(Stanford: Stanford University Center for the Study of Language and Information).

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21. Rapaport, William J. (1986), “Logical Foundations for Belief Representation”, Cognitive Science 10:371–422.

1. Nakhimovsky, Alexander (1988), “Aspect, Aspectual Class, and the Temporal Structure of Narrative”,Computational Linguistics 14(2): 29–43.

2. Asher, Nicholas (1989), “Belief, Acceptance and Belief Reports”, Canadian Journal of Philosophy 19(3)(September): 327–362.

3. Barnden, John A. (1989), “Towards a Paradigm Shift in Belief Representation Methodology”, Journal ofExperimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence 1: 133–161.

4. Cohen, L. Jonathan (1989), “Belief and Acceptance”, Mind 98(391) (July): 367–389.

5. Galbraith, Mary (1989), “Subjectivity in the Novel: A Phenomenological and Linguistic Approach to theNarration of Childhood Self”, PhD Dissertation, SUNY Buffalo Department of English (Ann Arbor, MI:UMI 9022154, 1990).

6. Israel, David (1989), Review of Rapaport 1986, Journal of Symbolic Logic 54(2): 617-618.

7. Lindemann, Bernhard (1989), “What Knowledge Does It Take to Read a Newspaper?”, Journal of LiterarySemantics 18(1) (April): 50–65.


9. Wilks, Yorick; Ballim, Afzal; & Dietrich, Eric (1989), “Pronouns in Mind: Quasi-Indexicals and the‘Language of Thought’,” Computers and Artificial Intelligence 8: 493–503.

10. Dipert, Randall R. (1990), “The Structure of Agency: Issues in the Representation of Agency and Action”,in Deepak Kumar (ed.), Current Trends in SNePS—Semantic Network Processing System, Lecture Notesin Artificial Intelligence, No. 437 (Berlin: Springer-Verlag): 68–84.

11. Haas, Andrew R. (1990), “Sentential Semantics for Propositional Attitudes”, Computational Linguistics16(4): 213–233.




14. Wyatt, Richard W. (1990), “Kinds of Opacity and Their Representations”, in Deepak Kumar (ed.), CurrentTrends in SNePS—Semantic Network Processing System, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, No. 437(Berlin: Springer-Verlag): 124–144.

15. Ballim, Afzal; Wilks, Yorick; & Barnden, John (1991), “Belief Ascription, Metaphor, and IntensionalIdentification”, Cognitive Science 15: 133–171.

16. Ballim, Afzal; & Wilks, Yorick (1991), “Beliefs, Stereotypes and Dynamic Agent Modeling”, User Mod-eling and User-Adapted Interaction 1: 33–65.

17. Ballim, Afzal; & Wilks, Yorick (1991), Artificial Believers: The Ascription of Belief (Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates).

18. Bourne, John R.; Liu, Hsi-Ho; Orogo, Constantine D.; Collins, Glen C.; Uckun, N. Serdar; & Brodersen,Arthur J. (1991), “Organizing and Understanding Beliefs in Advice-Giving Diagnostic Systems”, IEEETransactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 3(3) (September): 269–280.

19. Hadley, Robert F. (1991), “The Many Uses of ‘Belief’ in AI”, Minds and Machines 1(1): 55–73.

20. Bingi, R.; Khazanchi, Deepak; & Yadav, Surya B. (1995), “A Framework for the Comparative Analysisand Evaluation of Knowledge Representation Schemes”, Information Processing and Management 31(2):233–247.

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22. Miller, Michael J.; & Perlis, Donald (1991), “Typicality Constraints and Range Defaults: Some Pros andCons of a Cognitive Model of Default Reasoning”, in Z.W. Ras & M. Zemankova (eds.), Methodologiesfor Intelligent Systems: 6th International Symposium, ISMIS ’91, Charlotte, NC, USA, October 16–19,1991, Proceedings (Berlin: Springer Lecture Notes in Computer Science 542): 560–569.

23. Reichgelt, Han (1991), Knowledge Representation: An AI Perspective (Norwood, NJ: Ablex PublishingCorp.)

24. Montgomery, Christine A.; Stalls, Bonnie Glover; Stumberger, Robert E.; Li, Naicong; Belvin, Robert S.;Arnaiz, Alfredo; & Hirsh, Susan B. (1992), “Language Systems, Inc.: Description of the DBG System asUsed for MUC-4”, Proceedings of the 4th Conference on Message Understanding (McLean, VA) (Morris-town, NJ: Association for Computational Linguistics): 197–206.

25. Ballim, Afzal (1993), “Propositional Attitude Framework Requirements”, Journal of Experimental andTheoretical Artificial Intelligence 5(2&3): 89–100.

26. Chalupsky, Hans (1993), “Using Hypothetical Reasoning as a Method for Belief Ascription”, Journal ofExperimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence 5(2&3): 119–133.

27. Dipert, Randall R. (1993), Artifacts, Art Works, and Agency (Philadelphia: Temple University Press).

28. Livergood, Norman D. (1993), “Design Issues in the Simulation of Beliefs in Corporate Intelligence Sys-tems: REALPOLITIK II”, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies 39: 99–112.

29. Von Eckardt, Barbara (1993), What Is Cognitive Science? (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press).

30. Garfield, David A.S.; & Rapp, Charles (1994), “Application of Artificial Intelligence Principles to theAnalysis of ‘Crazy Speech’,” Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 182(4): 205–211.

31. Orilia, Francesco (1994), “Belief Representation in a Deductivist Type-Free Doxastic Logic”, Minds andMachines 4(2) (May): 163–203.

32. Wiebe, Janyce M. (1994), “Tracking Point of View in Narrative”, Computational Linguistics 20(2) (June):233–287

33. Bingi, R.; Khazanchi, Deepak; & Yadav, Surya B. (1995), “A Framework for the Comparative Analysisand Evaluation of Knowledge Representation Schemes”, Information Processing and Management 31:233–247.

34. Orilia, Francesco (1995), “Knowledge Representation, Exemplification, and the Gupta-Belnap Theory ofCircular Definitions”, in Marco Gori & Giovanni Soda (eds.), Topics in Artificial Intelligence: Proceed-ings of the 4th Congress of the Italian Association for Artificial Intelligence (AI*IA ’95; Florence, Italy),Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 992: 187–198.

35. Dipert, Randall R. (1996), “Reflections on Iconicity, Representation, and Resemblance: Peirce’s Theoryof Signs, Goodman on Resemblance, and Modern Philosophies of Language and Mind”, Synthese 106:373–397.

36. Dipert, Randall R. (1997), “The Mathematical Structure of the World: The World as Graph”, Journal ofPhilosophy 94: 329–358.

37. Kapitan, Tomis (1998), “On Depicting Indexical Reference”, in Franceso Orilia & William J. Rapaport(eds.) (1998), Thought, Language, and Ontology: Essays in Memory of Hector-Neri Castaneda (Dor-drecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers): 183–215.

38. Wilson, Theresa; & Wiebe, Janyce (2003), “Annotating Opinions in the World Press”, 4th SIGdial Work-shop on Discourse and Dialogue (SIGdial-03), Association for Computational Linguistics, http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/sigdial.html#2003 0

39. Wiebe, Janyce; Wilson, Theresa; & Cardie, Claire (2005), “Annotating Expressions of Opinions and Emo-tions in Language”, Language Resources and Evaluation/ 39: 165–210.

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40. Elson, David K.; & McKeown, Kathleen (2010), “Building a Bank of Semantically Encoded Narratives”,Proceedings of the International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2010; Val-letta, Malta, http://www.cs.columbia.edu/∼delson/pubs/LREC2010-ElsonMcKeown.pdf


22. Rapaport, William J. (1986), Review of Karel Lambert’s Meinong and the Principle of Independence, inJournal of Symbolic Logic 51: 248–252.

• Orilia, Francesco (2002), Ulisse, il quadrato rotondo e l’attuale re di Francia (Pisa, Italy: Edizioni ETS).

23. Shapiro, Stuart C., & Rapaport, William J. (1986), “SNePS Considered as a Fully Intensional Proposi-tional Semantic Network”, Proceedings of the 5th National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-86,Philadelphia) (Los Altos, CA: Morgan Kaufmann), Vol. 1, pp. 278–283.

1. Wilks, Yorick; & Ballim, Afzal (1986), “Multiple Agents and the Heuristic Ascription of Belief”, Memo-randa in Computer and Cognitive Science MCCS-86-75 (Las Cruces, NM: New Mexico State UniversityComputing Research Laboratory).

2. Fox, Edward A.; Nutter, J. Terry; Ahlswede, Thomas; Evens, Martha; & Markowitz, Judith (1988), “Build-ing a Large Thesaurus for Information Retrieval”, Proceedings of the 2nd Conference on Applied NaturalLanguage Processing (Austin, TX) (Morristown, NJ: Association for Computational Linguistics): 101–108.

3. Hausser, Roland (1988), “Left-Associative Grammar: An Informal Outline”, Computers and Translation3(1) (March): 23–67.

4. Ballim, Afzal, & Wilks, Yorick (1991), Artificial Believers: The Ascription of Belief (Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates).

5. Xu, Jun (2003), “Implement an Intelligent ArcView User Interface using SNePS”, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/2936046 Implement an Intelligent ArcView User Interface Using SNePS

6. Xu, Jun (2003), “An Intelligent Natural-Language Interface for ArcView”, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228818435 An intelligent natural-language interface for arcview

24. Wiebe, Janyce M., & Rapaport, William J. (1986), “Representing De Re and De Dicto Belief Reportsin Discourse and Narrative”, Special Issue on Knowledge Representation, Proceedings of the IEEE 74:1405–1413.


2. Nissan, Ephraim, & Shimony, Solomon Eyal (1996), “TAMBALACOQUE: For a Formal Account of theGist of a Scholarly Argument”, Knowledge Organization 23: 135–146.

3. Nissan, Ephraim (2001), “An AI Formalism for Competing Claims of Identification: Capturing the ‘Smem-orato di Collegno’ Amnesia Case”, Computing and Informatics 20: 625–656.

4. Sonnenhauser, Barbara (2011), “ ‘Renarrative’ und Indirekte Rede im Bulgarischen”, Die Welt der Slaven:Halbjahresschrift fur Slavistik 56 (1) (January): 131–154.

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25. Rapaport, William J. (1986), “Searle’s Experiments with Thought”, Philosophy of Science 53: 271–279.

1. Jacquette, Dale (1989), “Adventures in the Chinese Room”, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research49(4) (June): 605–623.




4. Jacquette, Dale (1990), “Fear and Loathing (and Other Intentional States) in Searle’s Chinese Room”,Philosophical Psychology 3(2): 287–304.

5. Cole, David (1991), “Artificial Intelligence and Personal Identity”, Synthese 88: 399–417.

6. Bombardi, Ron (1993), “The Education of Searle’s Demon”, Idealistic Studies 23: 5–18.

7. Lee, Cho-Sik (1993), Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence (in Korean) (Seoul: Korea University Press),§7-2.

8. Melnyk, Andrew (1996), “Searle’s Abstract Argument against Strong AI”, Synthese 108: 391–419.

9. Maloney, J. Christopher (1998), “A Role for Conceptual Role Semantics”, in Franceso Orilia & William J.Rapaport (eds.) (1998), Thought, Language, and Ontology: Essays in Memory of Hector-Neri Castaneda(Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers): 169–180.

10. Reingold, Eyal, & Nightingale, Johnathan (1999), “John R. Searle’s Chinese Room”,http://www.psych.utoronto.ca/∼reingold/courses/ai/cache/searle.html.

11. Preston, John, & Bishop, Mark (eds.) (2002), Views into the Chinese Room: New Essays on Searle andArtificial Intelligence (Oxford: Clarendon Press).

12. Moural, Josef (2003), “The Chinese Room Argument”, in Barry Smith (ed.), John Searle (Cambridge,UK: Cambridge University Press): 214–260.

13. Albaran, Eduardo Salcedo (2004), “El experimento mental de la habitacion china: maquinas entre lasemantica y la sintaxis”, Borradores de Metodo, Documento 30 (15 December), http://www.grupometodo.org.

14. Cole, David (2004), “The Chinese Room Argument”, in Edward N. Zalta (ed.) The Stanford Encyclopediaof Philosophy (Fall 2004 Edition), http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2004/entries/chinese-room/.

15. Damper, Robert I. (2006), “The Logic of Searle’s Chinese Room Argument”, Minds and Machines 16(2):163–183.

16. Salcedo-Albaran, Eduardo; & De Leon-Beltran, Isaac (2009), La Mente Inorganica (Bogota, Colombia:Grupo Metodo).

17. Buzzoni, Marco (2013), “Is Frankenstein’s Creature a Machine or Artificially Created Human Life? In-tentionality between Searle and Turing”, Epistemologia 36: 37–53.

18. Buzzoni, Marco (2015), “Science and Operationality”, in M. Alai, M. Buzzoni, & G. Tarozzi (eds.), Sci-ence between Truth and Ethical Responsibility (Heidelberg/Berlin: Springer): 27–44.

19. Zou, Xiaohui; Zou, Shunpeng; & Wang, Xiaoqun (2019), “New Approach of Big Data and Education: AnyTerm Must Be in the Characters Chessboard as a Super Matrix”, in ICBDE’19 Proceedings of the 2019International Conference on Big Data and Education (London): 129-134, https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3322134.3323932

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26. Bruder, Gail A.; Duchan, Judith F.; Rapaport, William J.; Segal, Erwin M.; Shapiro, Stuart C.; &Zubin, David A. (1986), “Deictic Centers in Narrative: An Interdisciplinary Cognitive-Science Project”,Technical Report 86-20 (Buffalo: SUNY Buffalo Department of Computer Science, September 1986).

1. Nakhimovsky, Alexander (1988), “Aspect, Aspectual Class, and the Temporal Structure of Narrative”,Computational Linguistics 14(2): 29–43.



4. Millis, Keith K. (1995), “Encoding Discourse Perspective during the Reading of a Literary Text”, Poetics23: 235–253.

5. Zwaan, Rolf A.; Magliano, Joseph P.; & Graesser, Arthur C. (1995), “Dimensions of Situation ModelConstruction in Narrative Comprehension”, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, andCognition 21: 386–397.

27. Rapaport, William J.; Shapiro, Stuart C.; & Wiebe, Janyce M. (1986), “Quasi-Indicators, KnowledgeReports, and Discourse”, Technical Report 86-15 (Buffalo: SUNY Buffalo Department of Computer Sci-ence); revised version published as Rapaport, Shapiro, & Wiebe 1997 (see item 47 below).



3. Wyatt, Richard W. (1990), “Kinds of Opacity and Their Representations”, in Deepak Kumar (ed.), CurrentTrends in SNePS—Semantic Network Processing System, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, No. 437(Berlin: Springer-Verlag): 124–144.


28. Rapaport, William J. (1987), “Belief Systems”, in Stuart C. Shapiro (ed.), Encyclopedia of Artificial Intel-ligence (New York: John Wiley): 63–73.

1. Lindemann, Bernhard (1989), “What Knowledge Does It Take to Read a Newspaper?”, Journal of LiterarySemantics 18(1) (April): 50–65.


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29. Shapiro, Stuart C., & Rapaport, William J. (1987), “SNePS Considered as a Fully Intensional Proposi-tional Semantic Network,” in Nick Cercone & Gordon McCalla (eds.), The Knowledge Frontier: Essays inthe Representation of Knowledge (New York: Springer-Verlag): 262–315.

1. Barnden, John A. (1989), “Towards a Paradigm Shift in Belief Representation Methodology”, Journal ofExperimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence 1: 133–161.

2. Cravo, Maria R.; & Martins, Joao P. (1989), “Path-Based Inference in SNeBR”, Proceedings, 4th Por-tuguese Conference on Artificial Intelligence (EPIA 89, Lisbon) (Springer Lecture Notes in ComputerScience 390): 97–106; DOI:10.1007/3-540-51665-4 77


4. Neal, J.G.; Thielman, C.Y.; Funke, D.J.; & Byoun, J.S. (1989), “Multi-Modal Output Composition forHuman-Computer Dialogues”, Proceedings of the Annual AI Systems in Government Conference: 250–257, http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/AISIG.1989.47332

5. Cravo, Maria R., & Martins, Joao P. (1990), “Path-Based Inference Revisited”, in Deepak Kumar (ed.),Current Trends in SNePS—Semantic Network Processing System, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence,No. 437 (Berlin: Springer-Verlag): 15–26.

6. Dipert, Randall R. (1990), “The Structure of Agency: Issues in the Representation of Agency and Action”,in Deepak Kumar (ed.), Current Trends in SNePS—Semantic Network Processing System, Lecture Notesin Artificial Intelligence, No. 437 (Berlin: Springer-Verlag): 68–84.

7. Geller, James (1990), “Order Dependence of Declarative Knowledge Representation”, in Deepak Kumar(ed.), Current Trends in SNePS—Semantic Network Processing System, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelli-gence, No. 437 (Berlin: Springer-Verlag): 41–54.

8. Govindaraju, Venu; Lam, Stephen W.; Niyogi, Debashish; Sher, David B.; Srihari, Rohini; Srihari, Sar-gur N.; & Wang, Dacheng (1990), “Newspaper Image Understanding”, in S. Ramani, R. Chandrasekar,& K.S.R. Anjaneyulu (eds.), Knowledge Based Computer Systems; International Conference KBCS’89(Bombay, 1989) (Springer Lecture Notes in Computer Science 444): 375–384.

9. Haller, S.M.; & Ali, S.S. (1990), “Using Focus for Generating Felicitous Locative Expressions”, Pro-ceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Industrial and Engineering Applications of ArtificialIntelligence and Expert Systems (IEA/AIE’90) 1: 472–477; http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=98866

10. Kumar, Deepak (1990), “An Integrated Model of Acting and Inference”, in Deepak Kumar (ed.), CurrentTrends in SNePS—Semantic Network Processing System, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, No. 437(Berlin: Springer-Verlag): 55–65.


12. Nakhimovsky, Alexander (1990), “Topological and Metrical Invariants of Grammatical Meanings”, Pro-ceedings of the European AI Conference (Stockholm): 1-3.



15. Wiebe, Janyce M. (1991), “References in Narrative Text”, Nous 25: 457–486.

• Reprinted in Judith Felson Duchan, Gail A. Bruder, & Lynne E. Hewitt (eds.), Deixis in Narrative: ACognitive Science Perspective (Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates): 263–286.

16. Woods, William A. (1991), “Understanding Subsumption and Taxonomy: A Framework for Progress”, inJohn F. Sowa (ed.), Principles of Semantic Networks: Explorations in the Representation of Knowledge(San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann): 45–94.

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17. Cercone, Nick; Goebel, Randy; de Haan, John; & Schaeffer, Stephanie (1992), “The ECO Family”, Com-puters and Mathematics with Applications 23(2–5): 95–131.

• Reprinted in Lehmann, Fritz (ed.) (1992), Semantic Networks in Artificial Intelligence (Oxford: Perg-amon Press): 95–131.

18. KQML Advisory Group; with Finin, Tim; McKay, Don; & Fritzson, Rich (1992), “An Overview ofKQML: A Knowledge Query and Manipulation Language” (unpublished ms.)], http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/94713.html

19. Markowitz, Judith A.; Nutter, J. Terry; & Evens, Martha W. (1992), “Beyond Is-A and Part-Whole: MoreSemantic Network Links”, Computers and Mathematics with Applications 23(6–9): 377–390.


20. Woods, William A., & Schmolze, James G. (1992), “The KL-ONE Family”, Computers and Mathematicswith Applications 23(2–5): 133–177.


21. Ali, Syed S. (1993), “Node Subsumption in a Propositional Semantic Network with Structured Variables”,Proceedings of the 6th Australian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence.

22. Ali, Syed S. (1993), “A Structured Representation for Noun Phrases and Anaphora”, Proceedings of the15th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates):197–202.


24. D’Aloisi, Daniela, & Castelfranchi, Cristiano (1993), “Propositional and Terminological Knowledge Rep-resentations”, Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence 5(2&3): 149–166.

25. Dipert, Randall R. (1993), Artifacts, Art Works, and Agency (Philadelphia: Temple University Press).

26. Funke, Douglas J.; Neal, Jeannette G.; & Paul, Rajendra D. (1993), “An Approach to Intelligent AutomatedWindow Management”, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies 38: 949-983.

27. Mamede, Nuno J. (1993), “SNePSR—A SNePS with Resources”, Journal of Experimental and TheoreticalArtificial Intelligence 5(2&3): 199–213.

28. Roberts, Lawrence D. (1993), How Reference Works: Explanatory Models for Indexicals, Descriptions,and Opacity (Albany: SUNY Press).

29. Von Eckardt, Barbara (1993), What Is Cognitive Science? (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press).

30. Wyatt, Richard (1993), “Reference and Intensions”, Journal of Experimental and Theoretical ArtificialIntelligence 5(2&3): 263–271.

31. Ali, Syed S. (1994), ”A Logical Language for Natural Language Processing”, Proceedings of the 10th Bi-ennial Canadian Artificial Intelligence Conference (Banff), http://tigger.cs.uwm.edu/∼syali/Publications/cscsi94.ps

32. Ali, Syed S. (1994), ”ANALOG: A Logical Language for Natural Language Processing”, American As-sociation for Artificial Intelligence Fall 1994 Symposium Working Notes, Knowledge Representation forNatural Language Processing (November 4–6, 1994; New Orleans: 1–11, http://tigger.cs.uwm.edu/∼syali/Publications/aaai-fall94-symp.pdf

33. Giraud-Carrier, Christophe G. (1994), “On Integrating Inductive Learning with Prior Knowledge and Rea-soning”, unpublished Ph.D. dissertation (Brigham Young University Department of Computer Science),http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/giraud-carrier94integrating.html.

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11. Burhans, Debra T. (1997), “Pragmatic Question Answering: Generic versus Specific Responses”, Pro-ceedings, AAAI-97: 807; http://www.aaai.org/Papers/AAAI/1997/AAAI97-138.pdf

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14. McRoy, Susan W.; Ali, Syed S.; & Haller, Susan M. (1997), “Uniform Knowledge Representation forLanguage Processing in the B2 System”, Natural Language Engineering 3: 123–145.

15. McRoy, Susan W.; Ali, Syed S.; & Haller, Susan M. (1997), “Mixed Depth Representations for Dia-log Processing”, in Morton Ann Gernsbacher & Sharon J. Derry (eds.), Proceedings of the 20th AnnualConference of the Cognitive Science Society (University of Wisconsin–Madison) (Mahwah, NJ: LawrenceErlbaum Associates): 687–692.

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18. McRoy, Susan W. (1998), “Achieving Robust Human-Computer Communication”, International Journalof Human-Computer Studies 48: 681-704.

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21. McRoy, Susan W.; & Ali, Syed S. (1999), “A Practical, Declarative Theory of Dialog”, Electronic Transac-tions Artificial Intelligence 3: 153–176; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220465352 A PracticalDeclarative Theory of Dialog

22. McRoy, Susan W.; Ali, Syed S.; Restificar, Angelo; & Channarukul, Songsak (1999), “Building IntelligentDialog Systems”, intelligence 10(1): 14-23.

23. Restificar, Angelo C.; Ali, Syed S.; & McRoy, Susan W. (1999), “Detecting Arguments and GeneratingRebuttals in Human-Computer Dialog”, Working Notes of the AAAI Workshop on Mixed-Initiative Intelli-gence (AAAI-99; Orlando, FL), http://www.cs.wright.edu/people/faculty/mcox/mii/papers/restificar.pdf

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26. McRoy, Susan W.; & Ali, Syed S. (2000), “A Declarative Model of Dialog”, in Carolyn Penstein Ros& Reva Freedman (eds.), Building Dialog Systems for Tutorial Applications: Papers from the 2000 FallSymposium (Menlo Park, CA: AAAI Press Technical Report FS-00-01): 28–36;https://www.aaai.org/Papers/Symposia/Fall/2000/FS-00-01/FS00-01-005.pdf

27. McRoy, Susan W.; Ali, Syed S.; & Haller, Susan M. (2000), “Mixed Depth Representations for Dialog Pro-cessing”, in Łucja M. Iwanska & Stuart C. Shapiro (eds.), Natural Language Processing and KnowledgeRepresentation: Language for Knowledge and Knowledge for Language (Menlo Park, CA/Cambridge,MA: AAAI Press/MIT Press): 283–299.

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30. Chalupsky, Hans (2000), “OntoMorph: A Translation System for Symbolic Knowledge”, in A.G. Cohn,F. Giunchiglia, & B. Selman (eds.), Knowledge Representation 2000: Proceedings of the 7th InternationalConference (KR-2000; Breckenridge, CO) (San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann).

31. Gomez, Fernando (2000), “Why Base the Knowledge Representation Language on Natural Language?”,Journal of Intelligent Systems 10(2): 161–181.

32. McRoy, Susan W.; Channarukul, Songsak; & Ali, Syed S. (2000), “Text Realization for Dialog”, in Car-olyn Penstein Ros & Reva Freedman (eds.), Building Dialog Systems for Tutorial Applications: Papersfrom the 2000 Fall Symposium (Menlo Park, CA: AAAI Press Technical Report FS-00-01): 105–112;http://aaaipress.org/Papers/Symposia/Fall/2000/FS-00-01/FS00-01-015.pdf

33. Channarukul, Songsak; McRoy, Susan W.; & Ali, Syed S. (2001), “YAG: A Template-Based Text Realiza-tion System for Dialog”, International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems9(6): 649–659.

34. Di Eugenio, Barbara; Glass, Michael; & Trolio, Michael J. (2002), “The DIAG Experiments: NaturalLanguage Generation for Intelligent Tutoring Systems”,https://www.researchgate.net/publication/2538206 The DIAG experiments Natural Language Generationfor Intelligent Tutoring Systems

35. Leitao, Antonio Menezes (2002), “A Formal Pattern Language for Refactoring of Lisp Programs”, Pro-ceedings, 6th European Conference on Software Maintenance and Reengineering;DOI:10.1109/CSMR.2002.995803; http://www.informatik.uni-bremen.de/st/lehre/Arte-fakt/Seminar/papers/06/Formal/pattern-language-for-refactoring.pdf

36. McRoy, Susan W.; Channarukul, Songsak; & Ali, Syed S. (2002), “YAG: A Template-Based Generatorfor Real-Time Systems”, NAACL-ANLP 2000 Workshop: Syntactic and Semantic Complexity in NaturalLanguage Processing Systems; http://acl.ldc.upenn.edu/W/W00/W00-1437.pdf

37. McRoy, Susan W.; Ali, Syed S.; & Nalamlieng, Nipat (2003), “Equuleus: Presentation from Legacy Doc-uments”, in Proceedings of the 15th IEEE International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence(ICTAI’03) (Los Alamitos, CA: IEEE Computer Society): 589–596.

38. McRoy, Susan W.; Channarukul, Songsak; & Ali, Syed S. (2003), “An Augmented Template-Based Ap-proach to Text Realization”, Natural Language Engineering 9(4): 381–420.

39. Sowa, John F. (2003), “Laws, Facts, and Contexts: Foundations for Multimodal Reasoning”, in Vincent F.Hendricks, Klaus Frovin Jørgensen, & Stig Andur Pedersen (eds.), Knowledge Contributors (SpringerSynthese Library 322): 145–184.

40. Xu, Jun (2003), “Implement an Intelligent ArcView User Interface using SNePS”;https://www.researchgate.net/publication/2936046 Implement an Intelligent ArcView User Interface UsingSNePS

41. Xu, Jun (2003), “An Intelligent Natural-Language Interface for ArcView”;https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228818435 An intelligent natural-language interface for arcview

42. Brown, Eric W.; Hersh, William; & Valencia, Alfonso (2004), “SIGIR 2003 Workshop on Text Analysisand Search for Bioinformatics” http://www.sigir.org/forum/2004D/brown sigirforum 2004d.pdf

43. De Boni, Marco (2004), “Relevance in Open Domain Question Answering: Theoretical Framework andApplication”, PhD dissertation (Heslington, York, UK: University of York Department of Computer Sci-ence); http://www.cs.york.ac.uk/ftpdir/reports/2004/YCST/06/YCST-2004-06.pdf

44. Campbell, Alistair E.R.; & Burhans, Debra T. (2006), “A Layered Heterogeneous Cognitive RoboticsArchitecture”, in Michael Beetz, Kanna Rajan, Michael Thielscher, & Radu Bogdan Rusu (eds.), Cognitive

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45. Helbig, Hermann (2006), Knowledge Representation and the Semantics of Natural Language (Berlin:Springer-Verlag).

46. Hsing, Michael; & Cherkasov, Artem (2006), “Integration of Biological Data with Semantic Networks”,Current Bioinformatics 1: 273–290.

47. Nagi, Rakesh; Sudit, Moises; & Llinas, James (2006), “An Approach for Level 2/3 Fusion Technology De-velopment in Urban/Asymmetric Senarios”, Proceedings of 9th International Conference on InformationFusion, DOI:10.1109/ICIF.2006.301662

48. Rodder, Wilhelm; & Kulmann, Friedhelm (2006), “Recall and Reasoning—An Information TheoreticalModel of Cognitive Processes”, Information Sciences 176: 2439–2466.

49. Lopes das Neves, Pedro Miguel (2007), “Development of Techniques to Control Reasoning using SNePS”,unpublished master’s thesis, Engenharia Informatica e Computadores, Instituto Superior Tecnico, Univer-sidade Tecnica de Lisboa.

50. Mazuel, Laurent; & Sabouret, Nicolas (2008), “Generic Command Interpretation Algorithms for Conver-sational Agents”, Web Intelligence and Agent Systems 6: 43–57.

51. Ismail, Haythem; & Kasrin, Nasr (2010), “Focused Belief Revision as a Model of Fallible Relevance-Sensitive Perception”, in R. Dillmann et al. (eds.), 33rd Annual German Conference on Artificial Intelli-gence, KI 2010 (Berlin: Springer-Verlag Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 6359): 126–134.

52. Fossati, Davide (????), “DIAG-NLP: Improving Intelligent Tutoring Systems with Natural Language Gen-eration Technology”; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/255624276 DIAG-NLP IMPROVINGINTELLIGENT TUTORING SYSTEMS WITH NATURAL LANGUAGE GENERATION TECHNOLOGY

53. Helbig, Hermann; & Glockner, Ingo (????), “Towards a Logical Foundation of Semantic Networks—A Ty-pology of Descriptive Means for Semantic Inference”; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/250766532Towards a Logical Foundation of Semantic Networks - A Typology of Descriptive Means for SemanticInference

54. Manuel, Helder; Coelho, Ferreira; dos Remedios, Maria; Pereira, Vaz; & Cravo, Lopes (????), “RevisaoAdaptativa de Crencas”; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242429961 Reviso adaptativa de crenas

55. McRoy, Susan W. (????), “Efficient Representations for Multi-Modal Interaction”; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/254817902 Efficient Representations for Multi-Modal Interaction

56. Stoffel, Kilian; & Hendler, James (????), “PARKA-DB: Back-End Technology for High PerformanceKnowledge Representation Systems”; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/253729990 PARKA-DBBack-End Technology for High Performance Knowledge Representation Systems

57. Schlegel, D.R.; Bona, J.P.; & Elkin, P.L. (2016), “Comparing Small Graph Retrieval Performance forOntology Concepts in Medical Texts”, in Wang, F.; Luo, G.; Weng, C.; Khan, A.; Mitra, P.; & Yu C.(eds.), Biomedical Data Management and Graph Online Querying; Big-O(Q) 2015, DMAH 2015 (Cham,Switzerland: Springer Lecture Notes in Computer Science 9579).

58. Zacek, Martin; & Lukaosova, Alena (2019), “Making a Shift from Believing to Knowing by the Help ofRDF CFL Formal Representation”, in Klimis Ntalianis & Anca Croitoru (eds.), Applied Physics, SystemScience and Computers II: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Applied Physics, SystemScience and Computers (APSAC2017), September 27–29, 2017, Dubrovnik, Croatia (Cham, Switzerland:Springer International Publishing).

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47. Shapiro, Stuart C., & Rapaport, William J. (1992), “A Fully Intensional Propositional Semantic Net-work”, in Leslie Burkholder (ed.), Philosophy and the Computer (Boulder, CO: Westview Press): 75–91.

• Kumar, Deepak, & Meeden, Lisa (1998), “A Hybrid Connectionist and BDI Architecture for ModelingEmbedded Rational Agents”, Proceedings, AAAI Fall Symposium on Cognitive Robotics;http://mainline.brynmawr.edu/∼dkumar/Papers/cogrob98.ps

48. Rapaport, William J. (1993), “Because Mere Calculating Isn’t Thinking: Comments on Hauser’s ‘WhyIsn’t My Pocket Calculator a Thinking Thing?”’, Minds and Machines 3: 11–20.

1. Hauser, Larry (1997), “Searle’s Chinese Box: Debunking the Chinese Room Argument”, Minds and Ma-chines 7(2): 199-226.


49. Rapaport, William J. (1993), “Cognitive Science”, in Anthony Ralston & Edwin D. Reilly (eds.), Encyclo-pedia of Computer Science, 3rd edition (New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold): 185–189.

• Aamodt, A., & Nygard, M. (1995), “Different Roles and Mutual Dependencies of Data, Information, andKnowledge: An AI Perspective on Their Integration”, Data and Knowledge Engineering 16: 191–222.

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50. Rapaport, William J. (1995), “Understanding Understanding: Syntactic Semantics and ComputationalCognition”, in James E. Tomberlin (ed.), AI, Connectionism, and Philosophical Psychology, PhilosophicalPerspectives, Vol. 9 (Atascadero, CA: Ridgeview): 49–88

• Reprinted in Toribio, Josefa, & Clark, Andy (eds.) (1998), Language and Meaning in Cognitive Science:Cognitive Issues and Semantic Theory, Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science: Conceptual Issues,Vol. 4 (New York: Garland): 73–88.

1. Gonzalez, Ruben (1997), “Hypermedia Data Modeling, Coding, and Semiotics”, Proceedings of the IEEE85: 1111–1140.

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3. Kay, Kendrick (2001), “Machines and the Mind: Do Artificial Intelligence Systems Incorporate IntrinsicMeaning?”, The Harvard Brain 8 (Spring),http://www.hcs.harvard.edu/∼hsmbb/BRAIN/vol8-spring2001/ai.htm.


5. Sivashanmugam, Kaarthik; Sheth, Amit; Miller, John; Verma, Kunal; Aggarwal, Rohit; & Rajasekaran,Preeda (2003), “Metadata and Semantics for Web Services and Processes”, in Datenbanken und Informa-tionssysteme, Festschrift zum 60. Geburtstag von Gunter Schlageter (Publication Hagen):


7. Cornejo, Carlos (2004), “Who Says What the Words Say? The Problem of Linguistic Meaning in Psychol-ogy”, Theory & Psychology 14(1): 5–28.

• Citation is to the Toribio & Clark reprint.

8. Ben Jacob, Eshel; & Shapira, Yoash (2005), “Meaning-Based Natural Intelligence vs. Information-BasedArtificial Intelligence”, in The Cradle of Creativity.

9. Ellis, Glenn W.; Ory, Eleanor C.; & Bhushan, Nalini (2005), “Organizing a K–12 AI Curriculum usingPhilosophy of the Mind”, 2005 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, June 12–15, Portland, OR: TheChanging Landscape of Engineering and Technology (Washington, DC: American Society for EngineeringEducation) (13 pp.)

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14. Arnellos, Argyris; Lekkas, Dimitrios; Zissis, Dimitrios; Spyrou, Thomas; & Darzentas, John (2011), “FairDigital Signing: The Structural Reliability of Signed Documents”, Computers & Security 30: 580–596.

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16. Schubert, Lenhart (2014), “Computational Linguistics”, in Edward N. Zalta (ed.), The Stanford Encyclo-pedia of Philosophy (Spring 2014 Edition),http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2014/entries/computational-linguistics/.

17. Turner, Raymond; & Angius, Nicola (2017), “The Philosophy of Computer Science”, in Edward N. Zalta(ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2017 Edition),https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2017/entries/computer-science/.

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• Sinha, R.M.K. (2001), “Dealing with Unknowns in Machine Translation”, Proceedings of 2001 IEEEInternational Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics 2: 940–944;DOI:10.1109/ICSMC.2001.973038

52. Shapiro, Stuart C., & Rapaport, William J. (1995), “An Introduction to a Computational Reader ofNarratives”, in Judith Felson Duchan, Gail A. Bruder, & Lynne E. Hewitt (eds.), Deixis in Narrative: ACognitive Science Perspective (Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates): 79–105.

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53. Rapaport, William J., & Shapiro, Stuart C. (1995), “Cognition and Fiction”, in Judith Felson Duchan,Gail A. Bruder, & Lynne E. Hewitt (eds.), Deixis in Narrative: A Cognitive Science Perspective (Hillsdale,NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates): 107–128.

1. Gander, Pierre (2005), Participating in a Story: Exploring Audience Cognition (Lund University CognitiveStudies 119); http://www.pierregander.com/research/participating in a story.pdf

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4. Klassen, Toryn Q.; Levesque, Hector J.; & McIlraith, Sheila A. (2017), “Towards Representing WhatReaders of Fiction Believe”, in A.S. Gordon, R. Miller, & T. Ruran (eds.), Proc. 13th Int’l. Symposiumon Commonsense Reasoning; COMMONSENSE 2017, London, November 6–8, 2017 (CEUR ConferenceProceedings, Vol. 2052), http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2052/paper12.pdf

5. Badura, Christopher; & Berto, Francesco (2018), “Truth in Fiction, Impossible Worlds, and Belief Revi-sion”, Australasian Journal of Philosophy, https://doi.org/10.1080/00048402.2018.1435698

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54. Ehrlich, Karen; & Rapaport, William J. (1997), “A Computational Theory of Vocabulary Expansion”,Proceedings of the 19th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (Stanford University) (Mahwah,NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates): 205–210.

• Barg, Petra; & Kilbury, James (2000), “Incremental Identification of Inflectional Types”;http://user.philosophy-fak.uni-duesseldorf.de/∼kilbury/Publ/BargKilbury2000-IIIT.pdf

55. Rapaport, William J.; Shapiro, Stuart C.; & Wiebe, Janyce M. (1997), “Quasi-Indexicals and KnowledgeReports”, Cognitive Science 21: 63–107.

• Reprinted in Francesco Orilia & William J. Rapaport (eds.), Thought, Language, and Ontology: Essays inMemory of Hector-Neri Castaneda (Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998): 235–294.

• Pre-printed as Rapaport, Shapiro, & Wiebe 1986; see item 25 above for further citations.

1. Gordon, Peter C.; & Hendrick, Randall (1998), “The Representation and Processing of Coreference inDiscourse”, Cognitive Science 22(4): 389–424.

2. Kaplan, Aaron N., & Schubert, Lenhart K. (2000), “A Computational Model of Belief”, Artificial Intelli-gence 120: 119–160.

3. Varnier, Giuseppe (2000), Review of Orilia, Francesco, & Rapaport, William J. (eds.) (1998), Thought,Language, and Ontology: Essays in Memory of Hector-Neri Castaneda, in Minds and Machines 10(3):448–452.

4. Bergler, Sabine; Doandes, Monia; Gerard, Christine; & Witte, Rene (2004), “Attributions”, in Yan Qu,James G. Shanahan, & Janyce Wiebe (eds.), Exploring Attitude and Affect in Text: Theories and Applica-tions (AAAI-EAAT 2004), SS-04-07 (Menlo Park, CA: AAAI Press): 16–19.

5. Corazza, Eros (2004), Reflecting the Mind: Indexicality and Quasi-Indexicality (Oxford: Oxford Univer-sity Press).

56. Rapaport, William J. (1998), “How Minds Can Be Computational Systems”, Journal of Experimental andTheoretical Artificial Intelligence 10: 403–419.

1. Whobrey, Darren (2001), “Machine Mentality and the Nature of the Ground Relation”, Minds and Ma-chines 11(3): 307-346.

2. Bringsjord, Selmer, & Zenzen, Michael (2003), Superminds: People Harness Hypercomputation, andMore (Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers).

3. Bringsjord, Selmer, & Arkoudas, Konstantine (2004), “The Modal Argument for Hypercomputing Minds”,Theoretical Computer Science 317: 167–190.

4. Floridi, Luciano (2004), “Open Problems in the Philosophy of Information”, Metaphilosophy 35(4): 554–582.

5. Honingh, Aline (2004), “Coding Cultures”, http://staff.science.uva.nl/∼ahoningh/education.

6. Bringsjord, Selmer (2008), “The Logicist Manifesto: At Long Last Let Logic-Based Artificial IntelligenceBecome a Field unto Itself”, Journal of Applied Logic 6(4) (December): 502–525.

7. Floridi, Luciano (2011), The Philosophy of Information (Oxford: Oxford University Press).

8. Piccinini, Gualtiero; & Bahar, Sonya (2013), “Neural Computation and the Computational Theory ofCognition”, Cognitive Science 34(3) (April): 453–488.

9. Fresco, Nir; & Staines, Philip J. (2014), “A Revised Attack on Computational Ontology”, Minds andMachines 24(1) (February): 101–122.

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57. Orilia, Francesco, & Rapaport, William J. (eds.) (1998), Thought, Language, and Ontology: Essays inMemory of Hector-Neri Castaneda, Philosophical Studies Series (Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publish-ers).

1. Varnier, Giuseppe (2000), Review of Orilia, Francesco, & Rapaport, William J. (eds.) (1998), Thought,Language, and Ontology: Essays in Memory of Hector-Neri Castaneda, in Minds and Machines 10(3):448–452.

2. Corazza, Eros (2004), Reflecting the Mind: Indexicality and Quasi-Indexicality (Oxford: Oxford Univer-sity Press).

3. Varnier, Giuseppe (2014), “Quasi-Indexicals, Kaplanian Monsters, and Self-Consciousness”, in AdrianoPalma (ed.), Castaneda and His Guises: Essays on the Work of Hector-Neri Castaneda (Berlin: Walterde Gruyter): 161–185.

58. Rapaport, William J. (1998), “Prolegomena to a Study of Hector-Neri Castaneda’s Influence on Artifi-cial Intelligence: A Survey and Personal Reflections”, in Francesco Orilia & William J. Rapaport, (eds.),Thought, Language, and Ontology: Essays in Memory of Hector-Neri Castaneda (Dordrecht: Kluwer Aca-demic Publishers): 345–367.

• Varnier, Giuseppe (2000), Review of Orilia, Francesco, & Rapaport, William J. (eds.) (1998), Thought,Language, and Ontology: Essays in Memory of Hector-Neri Castaneda, in Minds and Machines 10(3):448–452.

59. Rapaport, William J. (1998), “Academic Family Tree of Hector-Neri Castaneda”, in Francesco Orilia& William J. Rapaport, (eds.), Thought, Language, and Ontology: Essays in Memory of Hector-NeriCastaneda (Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers): 369–374.

• Dunn, J. Michael; & Eisenberg, Paul (2014), “Chorus: Hector-Neri Castaneda; A Conversation aboutHector by Two of His Colleagues”, in Adriano Palma (ed.), Castaneda and His Guises: Essays on theWork of Hector-Neri Castaneda (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter): 15–18.

60. Rapaport, William J., & Shapiro, Stuart C. (1999), “Cognition and Fiction: An Introduction”, in Ash-win Ram & Kenneth Moorman (eds.), Understanding Language Understanding: Computational Models ofReading (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press): 11–25.

• Bringsjord, Selmer; & Govindarajulu, Naveen Sundar (2018), “Artificial Intelligence”, in Edward N. Zalta(eds.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2018 Edition), https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2018/entries/artificial-intelligence/.

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61. Rapaport, William J. (1999), “Implementation Is Semantic Interpretation”, The Monist 82: 109–130.

1. Arkoudas, Konstantine; & Bringsjord, Selmer (2007), “Computers, Justification, and Mathematical Knowl-edge”, Minds and Machines 17(2) (Summer): 185-202.

2. Turner, Raymond (2009), “The Meaning of Programming Languages”, APA Newsletter on Philosophy andComputers 9(1) (Fall): 2–7.



5. Turner, Raymond (2010), “Programming Languages as Mathematical Theories”, in Jordi Vallverdu (ed.),Thinking Machines and the Philosophy of Computer Science: Concepts and Principles (IGI Global): 66–82.

6. Scheutz, Matthias (2012), “What It Is Not to Implement a Computation: A Critical Analysis of Chalmers’Notion of Implementation”, Cognitive Science 13: 75–106.

7. Endicott, Ronald (2016), “Developing the Explanatory Dimensions of Part-Whole Realization”, Philo-sophical Studies, http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11098-016-0674-7

8. Primiero, Giuseppe (2016), “Information in the Philosophy of Computer Science”, in Luciano Floridi (ed.),The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Information (London: Routledge): 90–106.

9. Primiero, Giuseppe (2017), “Algorithmic Iteration for Computational Intelligence”, Minds & Machines27(3) (Spring): 521–543.


11. Duran, Juan M. (2018), “Ciencia de la Computacion y Filosofıa”, Principia 22(2): 203–227,doi: 10.5007/1808-1711.2018v22n2p203

12. Turner, Raymond (2018), Computational Artifacts: Towards a Philosophy of Computer Science (Berlin:Springer).

13. Primiero, Giuseppe (2019), “Design, Malfunction, Validity: Three More Tasks for the Philosophy of Com-puting”, Philosophy & Technology 29, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-019-00367-6

14. Duran, Juan M. (2020), “What Is a Simulation Model?”, Minds and Machines, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-020-09520-z

15. Primiero, Giuseppe (2020), On the Foundations of Computing (Oxford: Oxford University Press).

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62. Rapaport, William J. (2000), “How to Pass a Turing Test: Syntactic Semantics, Natural-Language Un-derstanding, and First-Person Cognition”, Journal of Logic, Language, and Information, 9(4): 467-490.

• Reprinted in James H. Moor (ed.), The Turing Test: The Elusive Standard of Artificial Intelligence (Dor-drecht: Kluwer, 2003): 161–184.

1. Ronald, Edmund M.A., & Sipper, Moshe (2001), “Intelligence is Not Enough: On the Socialization ofTalking Machines”, Minds and Machines 11(4): 567–576.

2. Araujo Filho, J.E.; & Kieitz, K.H. (2003), “Adaptive Reference-Driven Decision-Making Process”, inO. Nasraoui; H. Frigui; & J.M. Keller (eds.), IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems 1: 452–457.

3. Honingh, Aline (2004), “Coding Cultures” http://staff.science.uva.nl/∼ahoningh/education.

4. Lenski, Wolfgang (2004), “Towards a Theory of Information”, in Wolfgang Lenski (ed.), Logic versusApproximation (Berlin: Springer-Verlag Lecture Notes in Computer Science 3075): 77–105.

5. Ariza, Christopher (2009), “The Interrogator as Critic: The Turing Test and the Evaluation of GenerativeMusic Systems”, Computer Music Journal 33(2) (Summer): 48–70.


7. Proudfoot, Diane (2013), “Rethinking Turing’s Test”, Journal of Philosophy 90(7) (July): 391–411.

8. Portmann, Edy; Kaltenrieder, Patrick; & Zurlinden, Noemie (2014), “Applying Fuzzy Ontologies to Im-plement the Social Semantic Web”, ACM SIGWEB Newsletter (Autumn), Article No. 4,https://doi-org/10.1145/2682914.2682918

9. Wieners, Jan Gerrit (2015), “SpoookyJS: Ein multiagentenbasiertes JavaScript-Framework zur flexiblenImplementation digitaler browserbasierter Brettspiele und spielubergreifender kunstlicher Intelligenz”(“SpoookyJS: A multi-agent-based JavaScript framework for flexible implementation of digital browser-based board games and game border artificial intelligence”),2 doctoral dissertation, Historical and CulturalInformation Processing, University of Cologne (Germany),http://www.jan-wieners.de/diss/dissertation jan-wieners.pdf

10. Drobnak, Matej (2019), “Do We Share a Language? Communitarism and Its Challenges”, Organon F 4:572–596, https://doi.org/10.31577/orgf.2019.26402

11. Shinners, Lucy; Aggar, Christina; Grace, Sandra; & Smith, Stuart (2019), “Exploring Healthcare Pro-fessionals’ Understanding and Experiences of Artificial Intelligence Technology Use in the Delivery ofHealthcare: An Integrative Review”, Health Informatics Journal, https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1460458219874641

63. Rapaport, William J. (2000), “Cognitive Science”, in Anthony Ralston, Edwin D. Reilly, & David Hem-mendinger (eds.), Encyclopedia of Computer Science, 4th edition (New York: Grove’s Dictionaries): 227–233.

1. Glick, Jonathan (ed.) (2001), “Cognitive Science: Good Places to Start”, AI Topicshttp://www.aaai.org/AITopics/html/cogsci.html.

2. Shi, Zhongzhi; & Shi, Jun (2003), “Perspectives on Cognitive Informations”, Proceedings of the 2nd IEEEInternational Conference on Cognitive Informatics: 129–133, doi: 10.1109/COGINF.2003.1225970

2At least, that’s what Google Translate tells me!

44

64. Rapaport, William J., & Ehrlich, Karen (2000), “A Computational Theory of Vocabulary Acquisition”,in Łucja M. Iwanska & Stuart C. Shapiro (eds.), Natural Language Processing and Knowledge Represen-tation: Language for Knowledge and Knowledge for Language (Menlo Park, CA/Cambridge, MA: AAAIPress/MIT Press): 347–375.

1. Johnson, Frances L.; & Shapiro, Stuart C. (1999), “Says Who?—Incorporating Source Credibility Issuesinto Belief Revision”, CSE Techinical Report 99-08 (Buffalo: SUNY Buffalo Department of ComputerScience & Engineering), http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/∼shapiro/Papers/johsha99a.pdf.

2. Lemaire, Benoıt; & Dessus, Philippe (2003), “Modeles Cognitifs Issus de l’Analyse de la SemantiqueLatente”, Cahiers Romans de Sciences Cognitives 1(1): 55–74;http://webcom.upmf-grenoble.fr/sciedu/pdessus/crsc03.PDF

3. Milewski, Robert Jay (2006), “Automatic Recognition of Handwritten Medical Forms for Search Engines”,PhD dissertation (Buffalo, NY: SUNY Buffalo Department of Computer Science & Engineering)

4. Melgarejo, Daniel Albeiro Melgarejo (2010), “Assessing Children’s Perceptions of Writing in EFL Basedon the Process Approach”, Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal 12(1): 70–84 (erroneously cited asRapaport & Ehrlich 1997).


6. Konderak, Piotr (2016), “On Evolution of Thinking about Semiosis: Semiotics Meets Cognitive Science”,Avant 6(2): 82–103.

65. Rapaport, William J. (2001–2005), “Some Definitions of ‘Artificial Intelligence’ ”,http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/∼rapaport/definitions.of.ai.html.

• Friedenberg, Jay, & Silverman, Gordon (2006), Cognitive Science: An Introduction to the Study of theMind (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications).

66. Rapaport, William J. (2001–2012), “Intensionality vs. Intentionality”,http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/∼rapaport/intensional.html.

• Convertino, Gregorio; & Farooq, Umer (2004), “Interpreting Scenario-Based Design from an InformationSystems Perspective”, Proceedings of the Tenth Americas Conference on Information Systems (New York,NY).

• Wikipedia (accessed 2/29/2020), “Intension”, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intension

45

67. Rapaport, William J. (2002), “Holism, Conceptual-Role Semantics, and Syntactic Semantics”, Minds andMachines 12(1): 3–59.

1. Goldstone, Robert L., & Rogosky, Brian J. (2002), “Using Relations within Conceptual Systems to Trans-late across Conceptual Systems”, Cognition 84: 295–320.

2. Dietrich, Eric (2003), “An ABSURDIST Model Vindicates a Venerable Theory”, TRENDS in CognitiveScience 7(2, February): 57-59.

3. Goldstone, Robert L.; Feng, Ying; & Rogosky, Brian J. (2005), “Connecting to the World and Each Other”,in D. Pecher & R. Zwaan (eds.), Grounding Cognition: The Role of Perception and Action in Memory,Language, and Thinking (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press): 292–314.

4. Gozzano, Simone (2006), “Functional Role Semantics and Reflective Equilibrium”, Acta Analytica: Phi-losophy and Psychology 21(1): 62–76.

5. Lin, Shou-de (2006), “Modeling, Searching, and Explaining Abnormal Instances in Multi-Relational Net-works”, PhD dissertation (University of Southern California Department of Computer Science);http://www.csie.ntu.edu.tw/∼sdlin/publication/thesis Linsd.pdf

6. Lin, Shou-de; & Verspoor, Karin (2008), “A Semantics-Enhanced Language Model for Unsupervised WordSense Disambiguation”, in A. Gelbukh (ed.), 9th International Conference on Computational Linguisticsand Intelligent Text Processing, CICLing 2008 (Berlin: Springer-Verlag Lecture Notes in Computer Sci-ence 4919): 287–298.

7. van Dantzig, Saskia; Pecher, Diane; Zeelenberg, Rene; & Barsalou, Lawrence W. (2008), “PerceptualProcessing Affects Conceptual Processing”, Cognitive Science 32: 579–590.


9. Arnellos, Argyris; Lekkas, Dimitrios; Zissis, Dimitrios; Spyrou, Thomas; & Darzentas, John (2011), “FairDigital Signing: The Structural Reliability of Signed Documents”, Computers & Security 30: 580–596.

10. Pollock, Joey (2020), “Holism, Conceptual Role, and Conceptual Similarity”, Philosophical Psychology,https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2020.1729973

46

68. Rapaport, William J., & Kibby, Michael W. (2002), “Contextual Vocabulary Acquisition: A Computa-tional Theory and Educational Curriculum”, in Nagib Callaos, Ana Breda, and Ma. Yolanda Fernandez J.(eds.), Proceedings of the 6th World Multiconference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics (SCI 2002;Orlando, FL) (Orlando: International Institute of Informatics and Systemics), Vol. II: Concepts andApplications of Systemics, Cybernetics, and Informatics I, pp. 261–266.


2. Iwanska, Łucja M. (2004), “Comparing, Integrating Lexical Definitional Knowledge from Multiple Sources”,in Dan Moldovan & Roxana Girju (eds.), HLT-NAACL 2004: Workshop on Computational Lexical Seman-tics (Association for Computational Linguistics): 84–91.

3. Rusu, Amalia (2007), “Exploiting the Gap in Human and Machine Abilities in Handwriting Recognitionfor Web Security Applications”, Ph.D. dissertation (Buffalo: SUNY Buffalo Department of ComputerScience & Engineering).

4. Xu, Jun (2007), “Formalizing Natural-Language Spatial Relations between Linear Objects with Topo-logical and Metric Properties”, International Journal of Geographical Information Science 21(4) (April):377–395.


6. Celik, Ozgur and Yavuz, Fatih (2018), “An Extensive Review of Literature on Teaching Vocabularythrough Mobile Applications”, Bilecik Seyh Edibali University Journal of Social Sciences Institute 3(1)(June): 56–91, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325540454 An Extensive Review Of LiteratureOn Teaching Vocabulary Through Mobile Applications

69. Rapaport, William J. (2003), “What Is the ‘Context’ for Contextual Vocabulary Acquisition?”, in Peter P.Slezak (ed.), Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Cognitive Science/7th Australasian Societyfor Cognitive Science Conference (ICCS/ASCS-2003; Sydney, Australia) (Sydney: University of New SouthWales), Vol. 2, pp. 547–552.

1. Kecskes, Istvan (2006), “On My Mind: Thoughts about Salience, Context and Figurative Language froma Second Language Perspective”, Second Language Research 222: 219–237;DOI:10.1191/0267658306sr266ra;http://peer.ccsd.cnrs.fr/docs/00/57/20/99/PDF/PEER stage2 10.1191%252F0267658306sr266ra.pdf

2. Frishkoff, Gwen A.; Collins-Thompson, Kevyn; Perfetti, Charles A.; & Callan, Jamie (2008), “MeasuringIncremental Changes in Word Knowledge: Experimental Validatio and Implications for Learning andAssessment”, Behavior Research Methods 40(4): 907–925.

3. de Sousa, Lucilene Bender (2011), “Aquisicao Lexical atraves da Leitura” (“Lexical Acquisition throughReading”), master’s thesis in Reading and Cognition (Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil: Universidade de SantaCruz do Sul).

4. Ali, Zuraina; & Ayub, Ahmad Fauzi Mohd (2012), “Obstacles and Successes in Learning Vocabularyfrom Context”, paper presented at Graduate Research in Education Seminar (GREduc2012) (November),http://umpir.ump.edu.my/5085/1/pbmsk-2012-zuraina-ObstaclesSuccessesLearning.pdf

5. Mozeti, Igor (????), “Reasoning with Temporal Context in News Analysis”;https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237769671 Reasoning with temporal context in news analysis

47

70. Rapaport, William J. (2003), “What Did You Mean by That? Misunderstanding, Negotiation, and Syn-tactic Semantics”, Minds and Machines: Journal for Artificial Intelligence, Philosophy, and Cognitive Sci-ence 13(3): 397–427.

1. Arrighi, Claudia, & Ferrario, Roberta (2004), “Abductive Reasoning, Interpretation and CollaborativeProcesses”, paper presented at Model Based Reasoning 2004http://www-3.unipv.it/webphilos lab/courses/progra1.html.

2. Arrighi, Claudia, & Ferrario, Roberta (2005), “The Dynamic Nature of Meaning”, in Lorenzo Magnani &Riccardo Dossena (eds.), Computing, Philosophy and Cognition: Proceedings of the European Computingand Philosophy Conference (ECAP 2004) (London: [King’s] College [London] Publications): 295–312;http://www.loa-cnr.it/Files/extArrighiFerrario.pdf.

3. Arrighi, Claudia; & Ferrario, Roberta (2008), “Abductive Reasoning, Interpretation and CollaborativeProcesses”, Foundations of Science 13: 75–87.

4. Georgescu, Alexandru V.; & Barbat, Boldur E. (2008), “Modelling Time in Protensional Agents”,8th WSEAS International Conference on Simulation, Modelling and Optimization (SMO ’08; Santander,Cantabria, Spain, Sept. 23–25); http://www.wseas.us/e-library/conferences/2008/spain/smo/smo32.pdf

5. Kecskes, Istvan (2008), “Dueling Contexts: A Dynamic Model of Meaning”, Journal of Pragmatics 40:385–406.

6. Akayoglu, Sedat; & Altun, Arif (2009), “The Functions of Negotiation of Meaning in Text Based CMC”,Ch. XVIII of Rita de Cassia Veiga Marriott & Patricia Lupion Torres (eds.), Handbook of Research onE-Learning Methodologies for Language Acquisition (Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference/IGIGlobal): 291–306.


8. Clouard, Regis; Renouf, Arnaud; & Revenu, Marinette (2010), “An Ontology-Based Model for Represent-ing Image Processing Application Objectives”, International Journal of Pattern Recognition and ArtificialIntelligence 24(8): 1181–1208.

9. Clouard, Regis; Renouf, Arnaud; & Revenu, Marinette (2011), “Human-Computer Interaction for theGeneration of Image Processing Applications”, International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 69:201–219.

10. Cudre-Mauroux, Philippe (2011), “Loose Ontological Coupling and the Social Semantic Web”, Proceed-ings of Advances in Intelligent Web Mastering 3; Proceedings of the 7th Atlantic Web Intelligence Confer-ence, AWIC 2011 (Fribourg, Switzerland; January); DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-18029-3 2https://diuf.unifr.ch/main/xi/sites/diuf.unifr.ch.main.xi/files/AWIC.pdf

11. Portmann, Edy; Kaufmann, Michael Alexander; & Graf, Cedric (2012), “A Distributed, Semiotic-Inductive,and Human-Oriented Approach to Web-Scale Knowledge Retrieval”, in Proceedings of the 21st ACM In-ternational Conference on Information and Knowledge Management; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235724398 A Distributed Semiotic-Inductive and Human-Oriented Approach to Web-Scale KnowledgeRetrieval/file/9fcfd512e4923a00a7.pdf?ev=pub int doc dl&origin=publication detail&inViewer=true

12. Kecskes, Istvan (2013), “Why Do We Say What We Say the Way We Say It?”, Journal of Pragmatics 48:71–83.

13. Pham, Phuong Thao; Rabah, Mourad; & Estraillier, Pascal (2013), “Agent-Based Architecture and Situation-Based Scenario for Consistency Management”, Proceedings of the 2013 Federate3d Conference on Com-puter Science and Information Systems: 1041–1046, https://fedcsis.org/proceedings/2013/pliks/452.pdf


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15. Portmann, Edy; & Pedrycz, Witold (2014), “Fuzzy Web Knowledge Aggregation, Representation, andReasoning for Online Privacy and Reputation Management”, in Elpiniki I. Papageorgiou (ed.), Fuzzy Cog-nitive Maps for Applied Sciences and Engineering (Springer): 89–105,https://scholar.google.com/citations?view op=view citation&hl=en&user=igCBMdQAAAAJ&citation forview=igCBMdQAAAAJ:ZeXyd9-uunAC

16. Portmann, Edy; Kaltenrieder, Patrick; & Zurlinden, Noemie (2014), “Applying Fuzzy Ontologies to Im-plement the Social Semantic Web”, ACM SIGWEB Newsletter (Autumn), Article No. 4,https://doi-org/10.1145/2682914.2682918

17. Pham, Phuong Thao; Rabah, Mourad; & Estraillier, Pascal (2015), “A Situation-Based Multi-Agent Ar-chitecture for Handling Misunderstandings in Interactions”, International Journal of Applied Mathematicsand Computer Science 25(3): 439–454.

18. Pollock, Joey (2015), “Social Externalism and the Problem of Communication”, Philosophical Studies172: 3229–3251.

19. Wehrle, Marcel; Portmann, Edy; Denzler, Alex; & Andreas, Meier (2015), “Developing Initial State FuzzyCognitive Maps with Self-Organizing Maps”, International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Cogni-tion (Turin, Italy), https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/188d/f92848397ba547664638e1f1622d2eb8cd69.pdf?ga=1.89946011.1456895854.1476136933

20. D’Onofrio, Sara; Zurlinden, Noemie; Gadient, Dominique; & Portmann, Edy (2016), “Cognitive Cities:An Application for Nairobi; Text Message Participation of Slum Inhabitants to Improve Sanitary Facili-ties”, in Edy Portmann & Matthias Finger (eds.), Towards Cognitive Cities: Advances in Cognitive Com-puting and Its Applicaiton to the Governance of Large Urban Systems (Springer): 145–164.

21. Buschmeier, Hendrik (2017), Attentive Speaking: From Listener Feedback to Interactive Adaptation,Dr.-ing. disseratation, Faculty of Technology, Bielefeld University, https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/download/2918295/2918423

22. Drobnak, Matej (2019), “Do We Share a Language? Communitarism and Its Challenges”, Organon F 4:572–596, https://doi.org/10.31577/orgf.2019.26402

23. Gil, Jose Marıa (2019), “A Relational Account of Communication on the Basis of Slips of the Tongue”,Intercultural Pragmatics 16(2): 153–183.

24. Kecskes, Istvan (2019), English as a Lingua Franca: The Pragmatic Perspective (Cambridge, UK: Cam-bridge University Press).

25. Pollock, Joey (2020), “Holism, Conceptual Role, and Conceptual Similarity”, Philosophical Psychology,https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2020.1729973

71. Rapaport, William J. (2004), “Helping Students Apply Reasoning to Gaining Word Meanings from Con-text: Application of Artificial Intelligence and Verbal Protocol Data to Curriculum Design”, unpublishedpresentation to the 49th Annual Convention of the International Reading Association (Reno, NV; 2004)(with Michael W. Kibby).

• Gunning, Thomas G. (2006), Assessing and Correcting Reading and Writing Difficulties, 3rd Edition(Boston: Pearson/Allyn & Bacon).

49

72. Rapaport, William J. (2005), “In Defense of Contextual Vocabulary Acquisition: How to Do Thingswith Words in Context”, in Anind Dey, Boicho Kokinov, David Leake, & Roy Turner (eds.), Modeling andUsing Context: 5th International and Interdisciplinary Conference, CONTEXT 05, Paris, France, July 2005,Proceedings (Berlin: Springer-Verlag Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 3554): 396–409.

1. Bolger, Donald J.; Balass, Michal; Landen, Eve; & Perfetti, Charles A. (2008), “Context Variation andDefinitions in Learning the Meanings of Words: An Instance-Based Learning Approach”, Discourse Pro-cesses 45(2): 122–159.

2. Frishkoff, Gwen A.; Collins-Thompson, Kevyn; Perfetti, Charles A.; & Callan, Jamie (2008), “MeasuringIncremental Changes in Word Knowledge: Experimental Validatio and Implications for Learning andAssessment”, Behavior Research Methods 40(4): 907–925.

3. McGee, Iain (2011), “I Haven’t a Clue What This Word Means! What Teachers Need to Know aboutLexical Inferencing”, The Teacher Trainer 25(1) (Spring): 10–15.



6. Wang, Gaiyan (2019), Using Pedagogic Intervention to Cultivate Contextual Lexical Competence in L2:An Investigation of Chinese EFL Learners (Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan),doi:10.1007/978-3-319-92716-9 3

50

73. Rapaport, William J. (2005), “Philosophy of Computer Science: An Introductory Course”, TeachingPhilosophy 28(4): 319–341.

1. Eden, Amnon H. (2007), “Three Paradigms of Computer Science”, Minds and Machines 17(2) (Summer):135-167.

2. Tedre, Matti (2007), “Lecture Notes in the Philosophy of Computer Science”http://cs.joensuu.fi/∼mmeri/teaching/2007/philcs/.

3. Tedre, Matti (2007), “Know Your Discipline: Teaching the Philosophy of Computer Science”, Journal ofInformation Technology Education 6: 105–122.

4. Dodig-Crnkovic, Gordana (2008), “Computing and Philosophy Global Course: What Can We Hope for[from Computing]? What Should We Do [with Computing]? What Can We Know [about Computing andby Computing]?”, APA Newsletter on Philosophy and Computers 8(2) (Fall): 38-41.

5. Muller, Vincent C. (2008), “What a Course on Philosophy of Computing Is Not”, APA Newsletter onPhilosophy and Computers 8(2) (Fall): 36–38.

6. Turner, Raymond, & Eden, Amnon (2008), Call for papers on the philosophy of computer science trackfor the 7th European Conference on Computing and Philosophy and special issue of Minds and Machines,http://pcs.essex.ac.uk/ecap09/cfp.html.

7. Turner, Raymond, & Eden, Amnon (2009), “The Philosophy of Computer Science”, in Edward N. Zalta(ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2009 Edition)http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2009/entries/computer-science/.

8. Rocchi, Paolo (2010), Logic of Analog and Digital Machines (Nova Science Publishers).

9. Tedre, Matti (2011), “Computing as a Science: A Survey of Competing Viewpoints”, Minds and Machines21(3) (Fall): 361–387.


11. Tedre, Matti; & Moisseinen, Nella (2014), “Experiments in Computing: A Survey”, The Scientific WorldJournal, Vol. 2014, Article ID 549398, pp. 1–11.

12. Tedre, Matti (2015), The Science of Computing: Shaping a Discipline (Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press).

13. Yulianto, Budi; & Shidarta (no second name) (2015), “Philosophy of Information Technology: Sex Robotand Its Ethical Issues”, International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 6(4) (October-December): 67–76.

14. Primiero, Giuseppe (2016), “Information in the Philosophy of Computer Science”, in Luciano Floridi (ed.),The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Information (London: Routledge): 90–106.

15. Prokopenko, Mikhail; Harre, Michael; Lizier, Joseph; Boschetti, Fabio; Peppas, Pavlos; & Kauffman,Stuart (2017), “Self-Referential Basis of Undecidable Dynamics: From the Liar Paradox and the HaltingProblem to the Edge of Chaos”, https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.02456

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74. Rapaport, William J. (2005), “Implementation Is Semantic Interpretation: Further Thoughts”, SpecialIssue on Theoretical Cognitive Science, Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence17(4; December): 385–417.

1. Bringsjord, Selmer (2007), “Offer: One Billion Dollars for a Conscious Robot; If You’re Honest, YouMust Decline”, Journal of Consciousness Studies 14(7): 28–43.

2. Turner, Raymond, & Eden, Amnon (2008), Call for papers on the philosophy of computer science trackfor the 7th European Conference on Computing and Philosophy and special issue of Minds and Machines,http://pcs.essex.ac.uk/ecap09/cfp.html.

3. Turner, Raymond, & Eden, Amnon (2009), “The Philosophy of Computer Science”, in Edward N. Zalta(ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2009 Edition)http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2009/entries/computer-science/.

4. Turner, Raymond (2009), “The Meaning of Programming Languages”, APA Newsletter on Philosophy andComputers 9(1) (Fall): 2–7.

5. Turner, Raymond (2009), “Specification and Theory Construction in Computer Science”,https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242323995 SPECIFICATION and THEORY CONSTRUCTIONin COMPUTER SCIENCE/file/60b7d5298c5cb9c00a.pdf?ev=pub int doc dl&origin=publication detail&inViewer=true


7. Primiero, Giuseppe (2017), “Algorithmic Iteration for Computational Intelligence”, Minds & Machines27(3) (Spring): 521–543.


9. Turner, Raymond (2018), Computational Artifacts: Towards a Philosophy of Computer Science (Berlin:Springer).



75. Rapaport, William J. (2006), Review of John Preston & Mark Bishop (eds.), Views into the Chinese Room:New Essays on Searlle and Artificial Intelligence, in Australasian Journal of Philosophy 84(1) (March):129–133.

• Nasuto, Slawomir J.; Bishop, John Mark; Roesch, Etienne B.; & Spencer, Matthew C. (2015), “ZombieMouse in a Chinese Room”, Philosophy & Technology 28(2) (June): 209–223.

52

76. Rapaport, William J. (2006), “How Helen Keller Used Syntactic Semantics to Escape from a ChineseRoom”, Minds and Machines: Journal for Artificial Intelligence, Philosophy, and Cognitive Science: 16(4):381–436.

1. Wolfram Research Inc. (2008), “The Math behind Numb3rs”, Episode 410: Chinese Box,https://web.archive.org/web/20071217183918/http://numb3rs.wolfram.com/410/

2. Ford, Jason (2011), “Helen Keller Was Never in a Chinese Room”, Minds and Machines 21(1): 57–72.

3. Schweizer, Paul (2012), “The Externalist Foundations of a Truly Total Turing Test”, Minds and Machines22(3) (Fall): 191–212.

4. Cole, David (2014), “The Chinese Room Argument”, in Edward N. Zalta (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopediaof Philosophy (Summer 2014 Edition),http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2014/entries/chinese-room/

5. Gasparyan, Diana (2016), “Artificial Intelligence and Semantics through the Prism of Structural, Post-Structural and Transcendental Approaches”, Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science, online15 March, http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12124-016-9344-8

6. Bozsahin, Cem (2018), “Computers Aren’t Syntax All the Way Down or Content All the Way Up”, Mindsand Machines, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-018-9469-2

7. Gutberlet, Albert (2018), “Helen Keller und die linguistische Aufhebung des aristotelischen ”Anfangs” ”(“Helen Keller and the Linguistic Abolition of the Aristotelian ”Beginning” ”),DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.12514.17609

8. Lackova, L’udmilla (2020), “Folding of a Peptide Continuum: Semiotic Approach to Protein Folding”,Semiotica, https://doi.org/10.1515/sem-2018-0116

77. Rapaport, William J.; & Kibby, Michael W. (2007), “Contextual Vocabulary Acquisition as Computa-tional Philosophy and as Philosophical Computation”, Journal of Experimental and Theoretical ArtificialIntelligence: 19(1) (March): 1-17.

1. Bladek, Iwo; Komosinski, Maciej; & Miazga, Konrad (2019), “Mappism: Formalizing Classical and Ar-tificial Life Views on Mind and Consciousness”, Foundations of Computing and Decision Sciences 44(1):55–99.

2. Wang, Gaiyan (2019), Using Pedagogic Intervention to Cultivate Contextual Lexical Competence in L2:An Investigation of Chinese EFL Learners (Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan),doi:10.1007/978-3-319-92716-9 3

78. Rapaport, William J. (compiler) (2007; updated frequently), “Can Programs Be Verified?”http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/∼rapaport/584/canprogsbeverified.html.

• Pincas, Uri (2011), “Program Verification and Functioning of Operative Computing Revisited: How aboutMathematics Engineering?”, Minds and Machines 21(2) (Summer): 337–359.

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79. Shapiro, Stuart C.; Rapaport, William J.; Kandefer, Michael; Johnson, Frances L.; & Goldfain, Albert(2007) “Metacognition in SNePS”, AI Magazine 28(1) (Spring): 17–31.

1. Campbell, Alistair E.R.; & Burhans, Debra T. (2006), “A Layered Heterogeneous Cognitive RoboticsArchitecture”, in Michael Beetz, Kanna Rajan, Michael Thielscher, & Radu Bogdan Rusu (eds.), CognitiveRobotics: Papers from the AAAI Workshop (Menlo Park, CA: AAAI Press Technical Report WS-06-03):40–46.

2. Duch, Włodzisław (2009), “Architektury kognitywne, czyli jak zbudowac sztuczny umysł ” (“CognitiveArchitecture, or How to Build an Artificial Mind”), Ch. 14 of Ryszarda Tadeusiewicza (ed.), Neurocyber-netyka teoretyczna (Theoretical Neurocybernetics) (Warsaw: University of Warsaw Publicaitons): 271–303.

3. Luger, George F. (2009), Artificial Intelligence: Structures and Strategies for Complex Problem Solving,6th edition (Boston: Pearson/Addison-Wesley).

4. Capraro, Gerard T.; & Wicks, Michael C. (2010), “Knowledge Based Systems and Metacognition inRadar”, in Y. Bi & Mary-Ann Williams (eds.), KSEM 2010 (Berlin: Springer-Verlag Lecture Notes inArtificial Intelligence 6291): 573–578.

5. Capraro, Gerard T.; Wicks, Michael C.; & Schneible, Richard (2010), “Metacognition in Radar”,Proceedings—2010 12th International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications,ICEAA’10, ISBN 978-142447368-7, DOI: 10.1109/ICEAA.2010.5651574: 693–696.

6. Goertzel, Ben; Lian, Ruiting; Arel, Itamar; de Garis, Hugo; & Chen, Shuo (2010), “A World Surveyof Artificial Brain Projects, Part II: Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures”, Neurocomputing 74:30–49.

7. Gadhiok, Manik; Amanna, Ashwin; Price, Matthew J.; & Reed, Jeffrey H. (2011), “Metacognition: En-hancing the Performance of a Cognitive Radio”, IEEE 1st International Multi-Disciplinary Conference onCogntiive Methods in Situation Awareness and Decision Support (CogSIMA): 198–203;http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/COGSIMA.2011.5753445

8. Kontos, John; Armaos, Joseph; & Malagardi, Ioanna (2011), “Metagnostic Deductive Question Answer-ing with Explanation from Texts”, in C. Stephanidis (ed.), Universal Access in HCI, Part IV, HCH 2011(Berlin: Springer-VErlag LNCS 6768): 72–80.

9. Velik, Rosemarie (2012), “AI Reloaded: Objectives, Potentials, and Challenges of the Novel Field ofBrain-Like Artificial Intelligence”, BRAIN: Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience3(3) (October): 25–54.

10. Caro, Manuel F.; Josyula, Darsana P.; Cox, Michael T.; & Jimenez, Jovani A. (2014), “Design and Vali-dation of a Metamodel for Metacognition Support in Artificial Intelligent Systems”, Biologically InspiredCognitive Architectures 9: 82–104.

11. Gurcan, Onder (2014), “Effective Connectivity at Synaptic Level in Humans: A Review and FutureProspects”, Biological Cybernetics 108(6) (December): 713–733.

12. Bytniewski, Andrzej; Chojnacka-Komorowska, Anna; Hernes, Marcin; & Matouk, Kamal (2015), “TheImplementation of the Perceptual Memory of Cognitive Agents in Integrated Management InformationSystem”, in Dariusz Barbucha, Ngoc Thanh Hguyen, & John Batubara (eds.), New Trends in IntelligentInformation and Database Systems (Springer): 281–290.



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80. Kibby, Michael W.; Rapaport, William J.; Wieland, Karen W.; & Dechert, Deborah A. (2008), “Play Les-son 4: CSI: Contextual Semantic Investigation”, in Lawrence Baines (ed.), A Teacher’s Guide to Multisen-sory Learning: Improving Literacy by Engaging the Senses (Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervisionand Curriculum Development): 163–173.

• Kolahi, S.H.; Alikhademi, Azam; & Kehtari, M., “The Comparative Effect of Types of Contextual Clueson Iranian EFL Learners’ Prediction of the Meaning of Unknown Vocabularies”, American Journal ofEducational Research 1(8) (2013): 272–278. doi: 10.12691/education-1-8-1.

81. Rapaport, William J. (compiler), (2010; updated frequently), “Can Programs Be Copyrighted or Patented?”(website), http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/∼rapaport/584/c-vs-pat.html

• Turner, Raymond; & Angius, Nicola (2017), “The Philosophy of Computer Science”, in Edward N. Zalta(ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2017 Edition),https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2017/entries/computer-science/

82. Rapaport, William J. (2011), “Yes, She Was! Reply to Ford’s ‘Helen Keller Was Never in a ChineseRoom’,” Minds and Machines 21(1) (Spring): 3–17.

• Bozsahin, Cem (2018), “Computers Aren’t Syntax All the Way Down or Content All the Way Up”, Mindsand Machines, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-018-9469-2

83. Rapaport, William J. (2012), “Semiotic Systems, Computers, and the Mind: How Cognition Could BeComputing”, International Journal of Signs and Semiotic Systems 2(1) (January-June): 32–71.

1. Mondal, Prakash (2014), “Does Computation Reveal Machine Cognition?”, Biosemiotics 7: 97–110.

2. Hill, Robin K. (2016), “What an Algorithm Is”, Philosophy & Technology 29(1): 35–59.



84. Rapaport, William J. (1992–2013), “What Is Computation?”http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/∼rapaport/computation.html

• Tedre, Matti (2015), The Science of Computing: Shaping a Discipline (Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press).

85. Rapaport, William J. (1999–2013), “How to Study: A Brief Guide”http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/∼rapaport/HOWTOSTUDY/

• Ticket to Write: English Skills for Success 1E (Pearson Education, 2012).

86. Rapaport, William J. (2003–2013), “William Perry’s Scheme of Intellectual and Ethical Development: Ajourney along the 9 ‘Perry’ positions (as modified by Belenky et al. 1986)”http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/∼rapaport/perry-positions.html

• Ingram, Ella L.; & Nelson, Craig E. (2008), “Applications of Intellectual Development Theory to Scienceand Engineering Education”, in Gerald F. Ollington (ed.), Teachers and Teaching Strategies: Innovationsand Problem Solving (New York: Nova Science Publishers):1–30.

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87. Rapaport, William J. (2011), “A Triage Theory of Grading: The Good, the Bad, and the Middling”,Teaching Philosophy 34(4) (December): 347–372.

1. Fehr, Manfred (2017), “Grading Intellectual Work Output by Fractional Approach to Excellence: A ScoreSheet for Every Activity”, in Jolita Vveinhardt (ed.), Congruence of Personal and Organizational Values(London: InTech): 63–80,https://www.intechopen.com/books/congruence-of-personal-and-organizational-values

2. Cigas, John; Decker, Adrienne; Furman, Crystal; & Gallagher, Timothy (2018), “How Am I Going toGrade All these Assignments? Thinking about Rubrics in the Large”, SIGCSE ’18: 49th SIGCSE Techn-nical Symposium on Computer Science Education, Feb. 21–24, 2018, Baltimore, MD (New York: ACM),https://doi.org/10.1145/3159450.3159641

3. Gestwicki, Paul (2018), “Design and Evaluation of an Undergraduate Course on Software DevelopmentPractices”, SIGCSE ’18: 49th SIGCSE Technnical Symposium on Computer Science Education, Feb. 21–24, 2018, Baltimore, MD (New York: ACM), https://doi.org/10.1145/3159450.3159542

88. Rapaport, William J.; & Kibby, Michael W. (2014), “Contextual Vocabulary Acquisition: From Algo-rithm to Curriculum”, in Adriano Palma (ed.), Castaneda and His Guises: Essays on the Work of Hector-Neri Castaneda (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter): 107–150.

1. Palma, Adriano (2014), “H-NC and His Ambiguous Guises, or, by Way of Introduction”, in AdrianoPalma (ed.), Castaneda and His Guises: Essays on the Work of Hector-Neri Castaneda (Berlin: Walterde Gruyter): 1–14.


89. Rapaport, William J. (2017), “On the Relation of Computing to the World”, in Thomas M. Powers(ed.), Philosophy and Computing: Essays in Epistemology, Philosophy of Mind, Logic, and Ethics (Cham,Switzerland: Springer): 29–64.

• Klein, Colin (2018), Review of Powers 2017, Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews (7 May), http://ndpr.nd.edu/news/philosophy-and-computing/

90. Rapaport, William J. (2017), “Semantics as Syntax”, American Philosophical Association Newsletter onPhilosophy and Computers 17(1) (Fall): 2–11.

• Bringsjord, Selmer (2018), “Logicist Remarks on Rapaport on Philosophy of Computer Science+”, Amer-ican Philosophical Association Newsletter on Philosophy and Computers 18(1) (Fall): 28-31.

91. Rapaport, William J. (2019), “Computers Are Syntax All the Way Down: Reply to Reply to Bozsahin”,Minds and Machines 29(2) (Summer): 227-237.

• Bołtuc, Piotr; & Bołtuc, Marta (2019), “BICA for AGI”, Cognitive Systems Research, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2019.09.020

92. Rapaport, William J. (2019), “Syntax, Semantics, and Computer Programs: Comments on Turner’s Com-putational Artifacts”, Philosophy and Technology 29: 35–59.

1. Turner, Raymond (2019), “Computational Artifacts: The Things of Computer Science”, Philsophy &Technology 29, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-019-00369-4

2. Dewhurst, Joe (2020), “There Is No Such Thing as Miscomputation”, http://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/17000/


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93. Rapaport, William J. (2020), “What Is Artificial Intelligence?”, Journal of Artificial General Intelligence11(2): 52–56.

1. Monett, Dagmar; Lewis, Colin W.P.; & Thorisson, Kristinn R. (2020), “Introduction to the JAGI SpecialIssue ‘On Defining Artificial Intelligence’—Commentaries and Author’s Response”, Journal of ArtificialGeneral Intelligence 11(2): 1–4.

2. Wang, Pei (2020), “On Defining Artificial Intelligence—Author’s Response to Commentaries”, Journal ofArtificial General Intelligence 11(2): 73–86.

94. Rapaport, William J. (2020; updated frequently), Philosophy of Computer Science (textbook in progress),http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/∼rapaport/Papers/phics.pdf

1. Yulianto, Budi; & Shidarta (no second name) (2015), “Philosophy of Information Technology: Sex Robotand Its Ethical Issues”, International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 6(4) (October-December): 67–76. (mistakenly attributed to Raymond Turner, but with a citation to my website)

2. Turner, Raymond; & Angius, Nicola (2017), “The Philosophy of Computer Science”, in Edward N. Zalta(ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2017 Edition),https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2017/entries/computer-science/

3. Yatsko, V.A. (2017), “The Principles for the Investigation of the Historical Development of ComputerScience”, Scientific and Engineering Information Processing 44(3): 207–214.

4. Angius, Nicola; & Primiero, Giuseppe (2018, forthcoming), “The Logic of Identity and Copy for Computa-tional Artefacts”, Journal of Logic and Computation, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323538991The Logic of Identity and Copy for Computational Artefacts

5. Bringsjord, Selmer (2018), “Logicist Remarks on Rapaport on Philosophy of Computer Science+”, Amer-ican Philosophical Association Newsletter on Philosophy and Computers 18(1) (Fall): 28-31.

6. Frezza, Stephen T.; Cleare, Alison; & Vichare, Abhijat M. (2018, October), “Voices on the Core of Com-puting”, 2018 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), DOI: 10.1109/FIE.2018.8658484, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331592259 Voices on the Core of Computing

7. Bringsjord, Selmer (2019), “Computer Science as Immaterial Formal Logic”, Philosophy and Technology29 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-019-00366-7

8. Denning, Peter J.; & Tedre, Matti (2019), Computational Thinking (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press).

9. Dulac-Arnold, Gabriel (2020), “Breve Histoire de l’Informatique & du Travail” (Brief History of Informat-ics and Work), slideshow possibly presented at Google Brain Paris, https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1nALyv BHRAADQHxU9bd2jsko5xKUwuu-ET7teoZCyeo/edit#slide=id.p


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Miscellaneous1. There is a general reference to my work on Meinong in:

• Byrd, Michael (1986), Review of E. N. Zalta’s Abstract Objects: An Introduction to Axiomatic Meta-physics, in Journal of Symbolic Logic 51: 246–248.

2. There are references to my work in:

1. Thimbleby, Harold (1991), Review of Fetzer, Artificial Intelligence: Its Scope and Limits, in SIGARTBulletin 2(4) (August): 188–189.

2. Fetzer, James H. (1992), “What Reviewers Should and Should Not Do: On Harold Thimbleby on AI: ItsScope and Limits”, SIGART Bulletin 3(1) (January): 6–7.

3. There is a reference to “Rapaport’s studies” on Meinong in:

• Castaneda, Hector-Neri (1987), “Self-Consciousness, Demonstrative Reference, and the Self-AscriptionView of Believing”, in James E. Tomberlin (ed.), Philosophical Perspectives, 1: Metaphysics (Atascadero,CA: Ridgeview Publishing Co.): 405–454.

4. There is a discussion of Cassie and the CVA project in:

• Gross, Neil (ed.) (1994), “ ‘Cassie’ Has Her Thinking Cap On”, Business Week (29 August): 82.

5. There is a discussion of Cassie and of my master’s student Min-Hung Liao’s MS thesis, “A Chinese-EnglishMachine Translation System” (1998), in:

• Port, Otis (ed.) (1995), “Computer Translators Better Getting” [sic], Business Week (11 December): 115.

6. There is an oblique citation to my teaching (actually more of an acknowledgment), in:

• Baiocco, Sharon A., & DeWaters, Jamie N. (1998), Successful College Teaching: Problem-Solving Strate-gies of Distinguished Professors (Boston: Allyn and Bacon): 285.

7. There is a reference to “the Clark-Rapaport paradox” (see Rapaport 1978 [item 3, above]) in:

• Poli, Roberto (1998), Review of D. Jacquette’s Meinongian Logic, in History and Philosophy of Logic 19:117-119.

8. There is a reference to a webpage for one of my courses:http://www.cse.buffalo.edu/∼rapaport/572/S01/checkers.html

(which is merely a newspaper article on computer checkers) in:

• Williams, Sam (2002), Arguing A.I.: The Battle for Twenty-First Century Science (New York: RandomHouse): 91.

9. The First International Summer Institute of Cognitive Science Handbook (Buffalo: SUNY Buffalo Center forCognitive Science, 1994, https://cse.buffalo.edu/∼rapaport/Papers/FISI-Handbook.pdf), which I edited, is citedin:

• Berkeley, Istvan S.N. (2019), “The Curious Case of Connectionism”, Open Philosophy 2: 190–205.

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