cisco vnp workshop 16-17 april v1-0

Cisco Confidential 1 © 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

IP/MPLS Network for Mobile Operators

Truong Le ([email protected])

16 - 17 April 2013


• Introduction to IP NGN

• Introduction to Mobile Packet Core

• Introduction to IP RAN

• Networking Industry Organizations and Standards that Support Network Operations

• Q&A


Traditional Service Provider Networks and Services


Class 4/5

Switch SCP STP

Subscribers

SCPs

STPs STPs

STPs

STPs

Class 4 /

Tandem

Class 4 /

Tandem

Class 5

Switch

Class 5

Switch

Class 5

Switch

Class 5

Switch

SS7 TDM Signaling

Network

Circuit-Switched

TDM Network

Bearer Network Components Signaling Network Components

Ticketing

NMS

NOC


Analog Leased Lines

and Dial-up (switched)

DSU

PSTN

Switches

PBX MUX (cross connects)

Central

Mainframe / FEP

CSU/DSU

Modem

Terminal

CSU

DSU

CSU

MUXs MUXs

Terminals

T1/E1

DDS

T3/E3/Sonet/SDH

T1/E1

DDS

T1/E1

Modem

Digital T1/E1/DDS

Transport Services

ISDN

Services

Modem

Data Network Access/Transport Components Digital Data (I/O) Components

Terminals FEP

Terminal

Ticketing

NMS

NOC


X.25

Switch

X.25

Switch DTE

DTE

X.25 Networks

FR Switch

FR

Switch DTE

DTE

PC

Frame Relay Networks

ATM

Switch

ATM

Switch DTE

DTE

PC

ATM Networks

LCNs VPIs/VCIs

Ticketing

NMS

NOC

Ticketing

NMS

NOC

Ticketing

NMS

NOC


Class 4/5

Switch SCP STP Subscribers

SCPs

STPs

BS

STPs

Class 5

Switch

MSC

Class 5

Switch

SS7 TDM Signaling

Network

Circuit-Switched TDM

Network

Cellular Network Components PSTN Network Components

BS

BS MSC

Cellular Access

Network

MSC

Ticketing

NMS

NOC

Ticketing

NMS

NOC


Office Head

End

Fiber Network

Video

Subscribers

Video

Subscribers

CMTS

CMTS

Remote

Head End

COAX

Network

(Docsis)

COAX

Network

Ticketing

NMS

NOC


HDLC, PPP, FR, X.25, ATM

Serial Interface

WAN

WAN Service Adapters:

DSU, CSU, PAD, TA

L3 Router L2 Switch L2 HUB

LAN

Ethernet

Interfaces

Ticketing

NMS

NOC

LAN


HFC

DOCSIS

DSL

Analog

Broadband Access Services

Transport Services

Internet Access

Services DNS Browsing Email

CPE

Modems

Access

Gateway

DSL

Gateway

Broadband

Router

Core

Router

TDM

Switches

Optical

Switches

ATM

Switches

Ticketing

NMS

NOC


H323 Voice

Gateway

Gatekeeper

H323

Gateway

H323 Voice Network

IP Network

RAS Signaling

RTP Voice

IP Network

Cisco Unified Communications Voice Network

IP Network

SIP Voice Network

RTP Voice

SIP/Skinny Signaling RTP Voice

SIP Signaling

H323

Gatekeeper

IP PBX

(Call Manager)

IP Phone IP Telephony

Router

SIP Enabled

Devices

SIP ATA SIP

Servers

QoS-Enabled IP Networks

Ticketing

NMS

NOC Ticketing

NMS

NOC

Ticketing

NMS

NOC


Data

Voice

Video

Era of Divergence Era of Convergence

Converged

Network

(NGN)

Era of Evolution

Time


• The revolution began with the recognition that the divergence era is unsupportable:

• Duplication of infrastructure

• Duplication of support (NOC)

• During this period, traffic types and characteristics have been examined and new solutions to the divergence problem have evolved:

• DQDB

• SMDS

• ATM

• IP (with QoS)

• IP is generally accepted as the network-convergence technique of choice.


Next Generation Networks Defined


APPLICATION CONVERGENCE

New multimedia services

Integrated data, voice, and video

Increased revenue

Customer loyalty

SERVICE CONTROL CONVERGENCE

Explosion of Internet traffic

New business models

Service continuity

More effective network management

NETWORK CONVERGENCE

Single infrastructure

Cutting-edge technology

Scalability and faster rollout

Higher resiliency

Reduce OpEx/CapEx


• Multiple Interworked Networks:

Often connection oriented

End-to-end provisioning

Scalability issues

CapEx intensive

Less OpEx efficient

• Converged Core:

Mostly connectionless

IP/MPLS aware end-to-end

Reduced provision replication

Highly scalable

More CapEx and OpEx efficient

Core

Access

MPLS

Frame Relay

ATM

DSL Internet

Ethernet

TDM


An NGN is:

• A packet-based network able to provide telecommunication services, and able to make use of multiple broadband and QoS-enabled transport technologies, in which service-related functions are independent from underlying transport-related technologies.

• The NGN offers unfettered access for users to networks and to competing service providers and/or services of their choice and supports generalized mobility that will allow consistent and ubiquitous provision of services to users.

• Characteristics:

NGN is an IP-based network

NGN enables any IP access from mobile, home, and/or enterprise domains

NGN enables service mobility

NGN enables interworking toward circuit-switched voice

NGN maintains service operator control

Source: ITU (http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/studygroups/com13/ngn2004/working_definition.html)


• ITU-T NGN FG: International Telecommunication Union (Telecom), Next Generation Networks Focus Group

• ATIS NGN FG: Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions, Next Generation Networks Focus Group

North American-based body that is committed to developing and promoting technical and operations standards for the telecommunications industry worldwide, using a flexible and open approach

• ETSI TISPAN: European Telecommunications Standards Institute, Telecoms & Internet converged Services & Protocols for Advanced Networks

ETSI is an independent, nonprofit organization whose mission is to produce telecommunications standards for today and for the future.

• 3GPP: Third Generation Partnership Project

3GPP created the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS).


CableLabs

ETSI

TISPAN

3GPP

3GPP2

WiMAX

Forum IMS

3GPP

Fixed

Access to IMS

Mobile

Access to IMS

Broadband Wireless

Access to IMS

Cable

Access to IMS


Service Provider Network

Cellular

DSL

Fixed Wireless

Enterprise

Cable

IMS

Services

(SIP MM)

Internet

(Web, P2P)

3rd Party

Hosted Apps


NGN: Integrated Access, Video, and Mobility Services


Core

Aggregation

Access


Aggregation

Access

DSLAM BRAS

CMTS

Residential

STB

Residential

STB

Business

Internet Peering

Points

MPLS

Core

Portal Subscriber

Data Monitoring Billing

Address

Mgmt

Policy

Mgmt Identity

HFC


Aggregation

Access

Internet Peering

Points

Super Head End

Vault

Content Acquirer

TV

Mobile

PC

MPLS

Core

Internet Streamer

Video Headend Office

VoD Servers

Distribution Edge

Routers

Cable/DSL

Metro E/ FTTx)

Video Switching

Office

DSLAM TV Streamer

Fiber

Transport

Wireless

Portal Subscriber


Address

Mgmt

Policy

Mgmt Identity


Aggregation

Access

Internet Peering

Points

Applications

Partners

External Service

Provider Networks

Broadband Wireless Mobile

SMB / Enterprise Services

Residential Services

Broadband Wireless Laptop

WiMAX Base station

UMTS / HSPA

Wi-Fi Hotspots /

Mesh

Femto

Border Routing /

SBC

SS7

RAN Aggregation

MPLS

Core

Portal Subscriber


Address

Mgmt

Policy

Mgmt Identity


• Voice oriented architecture

• Re-define fixed wireline services (e.g. SS and IN)

• SMS is a signalling transport rather than a data service

• Network transport based on TDM

There was wireless ISDN (aka GSM)

Base Station

Controller

(BSC)

Mobile Switching Center +

Visitor Location Register

(MSC/VLR) Base Transceiver

System (BTS) Mobile

Station

Home Location

Register (HLR) Service Control

Point (SCP)


• One burst of every TDMA frame was sufficient to transport a speech frame with source rate of 13 kbit/s

• GSM Phase 2 (circa 1996) added Circuit Switched Data support offering 9.6 kbit/s service

• High Speed CSD consisted in aggregating multiple timeslot for a single user but resource intensive

BSC MSC

Modem Interworking Function (IWF)

Modified V.110

3.1 kHz audio

or

V110 64k UDI


BSC MSC/VLR Gateway MSC

BTS

Packet Control

Unit (PCU) Serving GPRS

Support Node

(SGSN)

Gateway

GPRS

Support Node

(GGSN)

IP


BSC MSC/VLR Gateway MSC

BTS

GSM

Radio

GSM

Radio 64 kbps 64 kbps L1bis

MAC

IP

RLC

LLC

SNDCP

Relay MAC

RLC

Nw Services

BSSGP

Relay

L1bis

Nw Services

BSSGP

LLC

SNDCP

L1

L2

IP

UDP

GTP

Relay

L1

L2

IP

UDP

GTP

IP

Packet Control

Unit (PCU) Serving GPRS

Support Node

(SGSN)

Gateway

GPRS

Support Node

(GGSN)

IP


• Round Trip Times 700ms and 1000ms

• Packet transfer interruption times between 2 and 8 seconds following a cell reselection and between 8s and 20s when the cell reselection triggers a routing area update

• Application throughput up to 40 kbps using a handset capable of receiving 4 timeslots

Unable to reliably transport real time IP traffic


• First step towards an all IP network

• New radio designed to accommodate greater packet throughput (up to 2Mbits/s initially… In reality, can support up to 384 kbit/s)

• Core network remains largely unchanged from 2.5G

• Migration to ATM for Radio Access Transport

• More control into the RNC

3G RNC

3G MSC

3G SGSN GGSN

IP

ATM/AAL2

ATM/AAL5

Node B

PSTN


Radio Network

Controller (RNC) 3G SGSN GGSN

Iu-ps Gn/Gp

WCDMA

Radio

WCDM

A Radio ATM

MAC

IP

RLC

PDCP

Frame

Protocol

AAL2

ATM

AAL2

MAC

RLC

PDCP

ATM

AAL5

IP

UDP

GTP-U

IP

UDP

GTP-U

IP

UDP

GTP-U

ATM

AAL5

L1

L2

IP

UDP

GTP-U

L1

L2

IP

NodeB


• Still Voice over CS bearer on the radio access, data bearer not suitable (latency, overhead)

• Option to transport Voice over IP in the Core (see TS 23.205)

• Introduction of SS7oIP transport

Iu-cs

IP

MGW MGW

MSC-s MSC-s

HLR


Iu-cs

IP

MGW MGW

MSC-s MSC-s

HLR

ATM

Iu-UP

L1/2

IP AAL2

UDP

RTP

L1/2

IP

M3UA

TCAP

INA

P

MA

P

SCTP

SCCP

BIC

C o

r S

IP-T

H.2

48

Nb-UP


L1

RLC

PDCP

MAC

UDP

GTP-U

IP

Serving RNC 3G SGSN GGSN

Gn Iu-ps

IP

UDP

GTP-U

L1

L2

IP

IP

UDP

GTP-U

L1

L2

IP

UDP

GTP-U

L1

AAL5/ATM AAL5/ATM

L1

Frame

Protocol

AAL2/ATM

RLC

PDCP

WCDMA

IP

MAC

L1

Frame

Protocol

AAL2/ATM

WCDMA

Drift RNC

L1

FP

L1

FP

AAL

2

AAL

2

Node B

MAC-

HS

MAC-

HS


L1

RLC

PDCP

MAC

UDP

GTP-

U

IP


Gn Iu-ps

IP

UDP

GTP-U

L1

L2

IP

IP

UDP

GTP-

U

L1

L2

IP

UDP

GTP-

U

L1

AAL5/ATM AAL5/ATM

L1

Frame

Protocol

AAL2/ATM

RLC

PDCP

WCDMA

IP

MAC

L1

Frame

Protocol

AAL2/ATM

WCDMA

Node B

HSDPA Removes Drift RNC and

adds intelligence to the Node B

MAC-

HS

MAC-

HS


L1

RLC

PDCP

MAC

UDP

GTP-U

IP


Gn Iu-ps

IP

UDP

GTP-U

L1

L2

IP

AAL5/ATM

L1

Frame

Protocol

AAL2/ATM

RLC

PDCP

WCDMA

IP

MAC

L1

Frame

Protocol

AAL2/ATM

WCDMA

Node B

Direct Tunnel allows

SGSN to remove itself

from data plane

MAC-

HS

MAC-

HS


L1

RLC

PDCP

MAC

UDP

GTP-U

IP


Gn Iu-ps

IP

UDP

GTP-U

L1

L2

IP

RLC

PDCP

WCDMA

IP

MAC

WCDMA

Node B

HSPA+: Distribute RNC

Data plane to Node B

MAC-

HS

MAC-

HS L2


RNC 3G SGSN GGSN

NodeB

RNC GGSN

NodeB

SGSN-S

SGW PGW

eNodeB

3GPP R6

3GPP Direct

Tunnel

3GPP LTE/EPC

MME


Highlighting the growing importance of IP transport

3G MSC-S

3G SGSN GGSN

Core IP

IP RAN

w/ ATM PW

or Native IP

Node B

PSTN

3G RNC

3G MGW

HLR/HSS

SGW


• Evolved Packet System (EPS) is the technology direction for 3GPP based networks

• Long Term Evolution (LTE) is the next generation 3GPP radio access network

Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN)

• System Architecture Evolution (SAE) is the 3GPP next generation standard for mobile networks providing:

Increased Bandwidth

End-to-End IP

Simplified Architecture

Support for multiple radio access technologies

• Evolved Packet Core (EPC) is the next generation 3GPP packet core

Consists of (3) main components (MME, SGW, and PGW)


EPS = Evolved Packet System

GERAN

UTRAN

E-UTRAN

(LTE)

Non-3GPP

Access

Evolved

Packet Core

(EPC)

CS Network

LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the 3GPP WI that defined the E-UTRAN

SAE (System Architecture Evolution) is the 3GPP WI that defined the EPC

IP Services

/ Internet


• Radio Side (Evolved UTRAN - EUTRAN) Improvements in spectral efficiency, user throughput, latency

Simplification of the radio network

Efficient support of packet based services: Multicast, VoIP, etc.

• Network Side (Evolved Packet Core - EPC) Improvement in latency, capacity, throughput, idle to active transitions

Simplification of the core network

Optimization for IP traffic and services

Simplified support and handover to non-3GPP access technologies


• Higher Bandwidth (>100 kbps per user on average) and improved latency

Transmission and transition delays <10 & 100ms resp. in unloaded conditions

• Service independent and data-only architecture

Strict data QoS mechanism with no voice dedicated bearer identifictaion

• Always-on model

All registered users have a default bearer established used for signalling

• IP addressing

IPv6 by default with dual stack sessions (IPv4v6)

• Support of alternative access technologies

3GPP and non-3GPP architecture, including possible wireline access

Local breakout

Part of the traffic may be routed directly in the visited network


Destination

Network

Next

Generatio

n Cell Site

Mobility

Control

Node

PDN

interconne

ct

Mobility

Anchor


GGSN RNC SGSN

NodeB

RNC

PGW

MME

eNodeB

SGW

PDN/

Internet

PDN/

Internet

• From hierarchical architecture to flat IP topology

Open to centralized or distributed deployments

• RNC functions distributed between the eNB and the EPC


• SGSN MME + Serving GW

In the LTE architecture the SGSN functionality is split into MME & Serving GW

MME = Control Plane of SGSN

Serving GW = Data Plane of SGSN

• GGSN PDN GW

The PDN GW has similar function as the GGSN

IP Anchor

Policy Enforcement

Accounting/Charging

Deep Packet Inspection


UE

MME

S-GW

Evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN) Evolved Packet Core (EPC)

HSS

PCRF

PDN-GW

MAC

RLC

PDCP

OFDMA

NAS

MAC

RLC

PDCP

OFDMA

L2

IP

L1

SCTP

S1-AP RRC RRC

L2

IP

L1

SCTP

S1-AP

NAS

S1-MME

36.413

S1-MME

eNodeB


UE

MME

S-GW


HSS

PCRF

PDN-GW

IP

L1

L2

IP (user)

IP

UDP

GTP-U

L1

L2 MAC

RLC

PDCP

OFDMA

IP (user)

MAC

RLC

PDCP

OFDMA

IP

UDP

GTP-U

L1

L2

IP

UDP

GTP-U

L1

L2

PMIP

S1-U S5/S8

S1-U

36.414 GRE GRE UDP

PMIP GTP-U

S5/S8

29.274

(GTP)

-

29.275

(PMIPv6)

eNodeB


UE

MME

S-GW


HSS

PCRF

PDN-GW

X2

L2

IP

L1

SCTP

X2-AP

L2

IP

L1

SCTP

X2-AP

X2-C

L2

IP

L1

UDP

GTP-U

L2

IP

L1

UDP

GTP-U

X2-U

36.423 36.424

eNodeB


UE

eNodeB

MME

S-GW


HSS

PCRF

PDN-GW

Gx

L2

IP

L1

SCTP

DIAMETER

Gx

L2

IP

L1

SCTP

DIAMETER

L2

IP

L1

SCTP

DIAMETER

S6a

L2

IP

L1

SCTP

DIAMETER

29.272 29.212

S6a


Source: www.cisco.com – “Migration to All IP RAN Transport” White Paper

“

http://www.cisco.com/


RAN

Backhaul

Network Radio

Controller

Radio

Towers

Radio Access Network


10.8 EB

per mo

4.2 EB

per mo

2.4 EB

per mo 1.3 EB

per mo

Source: Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI) Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast, 2011–2016

78% CAGR 2011–2016


RAN Architectures Concepts & Evolution


BTS

SONET SDH

ADM

T1/E1

Cell site Aggregation site

BSC

MSC

PSTN

Air interface IP/MPLS and TDM core

G-MSC

RAN Core

Core site

RAN Edge

BTS ADM

T1/E1

BSC

http://images.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=http://www.theregister.co.uk/2005/06/10/nokia6680.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.theregister.co.uk/2005/06/10/review_nokia_6680/&h=475&w=240&sz=45&tbnid=s890ZHqY2wsJ:&tbnh=126&tbnw=63&hl=en&start=3&prev=/images?q=3g+phone&svnum=10&hl=en&lr=lang_en



BTS

SONET SDH

ADM

T1/E1


BSC

MSC

PSTN


G-MSC

RAN Core

Core site

RAN Edge

BTS ADM

T1/E1

BSC IP/MPLS

SGSN GGSN

Internet

Frame Relay




IP/MPLS

BTS

SONET SDH

ADM

T1/E1


BSC

nxE1

MSC

SGSN GGSN

PSTN


G-MSC

Internet

Node B RNC

MGW

RAN Core

Core site

RAN Edge

ATM

BTS ADM

T1/E1

BSC

nxE1

Node B RNC

STM1 /OC3

STM1 /OC3




IP/MPLS

BTS

SONET SDH

ADM

T1/E1


BSC

nxE1

MSC

SGSN GGSN

PSTN


G-MSC

Internet

Node B RNC

MGW

RAN Core

Core site

RAN Edge

BTS ADM

T1/E1

BSC

nxE1

Node B RNC

ATMoMPLS

STM1 /OC3

STM1 /OC3

ATMoMPLS – 3G voice and data TDMoMPLS – 2G voice and data




IP/MPLS

BTS

Pseudo wire

T1/E1


BSC

SGSN GGSN

PSTN


G-MSC

Internet

Node B RNC

MGW

RAN Core

Core site

RAN Edge

BTS

T1/E1

BSC

Node B RNC

MGW

MSS

ATMoMPLS

ATMoMPLS – 3G voice and data TDMoMPLS – 2G voice and data




Mobile Backhaul


• Common & Cheap Transport

• Generation & Service Independent

• Traffic Type Awareness & Prioritization (QoS)

• Scalability (GE, 10GE, etc.)

• Service Resiliency

• Clock Distribution Mechanism

• Large Scale Provisioning & Visibility

• Interface Support (Legacy, Current, & Future)

• Security


Customer Premise Cell Site

Ethernet / IP

Central Offices MTSO / MSC Mobile POP

Cell-Site Hut

ATM T1/E1

Ethernet

TDM

T1 / E1

3G

NodeB

2G

BTS

CPE

Mobile Provider Managed Mobile Provider Managed Wireline Telco Managed

Carrier Ethernet IP/ MPLS Transport

OCn ATM

CH-OCn

2G BSC

3G RNC

MTSO Aggregation

CE Transport Access Options:

Ethernet, EoCu, EoTDM

U-PE Access

Aggregation Node

U-PE Access

Distribution Node

Aggregation Node

TDM

ATM

Converged

Ethernet


Access Mobile Edge

CH T1/E1

ATM / TDM PWE

Aggregation Edge

CHOC3-TDM

7600 7600

7600

2G BSC

ATM / TDM PWE NodeB

NodeB

NodeB

NodeB

3G RNC

ATM

CHOC3-ATM

ATM VCx ATM VCx

Ethernet

Clock Source

TDM PWE - Clock

MWR

CH T1/E1

ATM

ONS 15454 MSTP/MSPP

7600

Gateway / Policy

GGSN/PDSN

CSG2


• Service Provider Best practices for box-level security:

Management plane hardening (lock-down VTYs, disable unused services, telnet/SSH, AAA, Netflow, NTP, password management, etc.).

Control plane & data plane hardening (disable unused services under interfaces, ICMP, Proxy ARP, etc.)

• Protection from cell-site router hijack

IP/MAC ACLs on aggregation routers

Control Plane Policing, hardware-based Rate-limiter on aggregation routers

• Eavesdropping

3GPP has recommended using IPSEC security for signaling


• Latency –time taken for a packet to reach its destination

• Jitter –change in inter-packet latency within a stream over time i.e. variation of latency

• Packet loss –measure of packet loss between a source and destination

• QoS provides:

Congestion Avoidance

Congestion Management

• Prioritize critical traffic over best-effort

• Signaling and Clocking <-> Voice <-> Real-time <-> Data


Enhanced Telecom Operations Map

IT Infrastructure Library

Fault, Configuration, Accounting, Performance, and Security

ITIL®

eTOM

FCAPS


FCAPS Functions and Purpose


Standards body ITU (http://www.itu.int)

Active since 1865 (as CCITT; reorganized as ITU-T in 1993)

Members

189 states

640+ sector members (service providers, research, regulators)

92 associates (vendors, consulting)

Focus High-quality standards and recommendations covering multiple aspects of telecommunications

Main deliverables

1997–04 TMN functions (FCAPS) (M.3400)

Large number of management recommendations by Study Group 4 (http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/studygroups)


Management Functional Areas (MFAs) Management Function Set Groups

Fault

Quality assurance, alarm surveillance, fault localization, fault correction, testing, trouble administration

Configuration

Network Planning and engineering, installation, service planning and negotiation, provisioning, status and control

Accounting

Tariffing/pricing, usage measurement, collections and finance, and enterprise control

Performance

Quality assurance, performance monitoring, performance control, and performance analysis

Security Prevention, detection, containment and recovery, and security administration


Business knowledge, people, goals,

and policies

Customers, services, other service providers,

and vendors

Network, nodes, links, and end-to-

end management

Control of a subset of

network elements

Network elements and

other resources

BML

SML

NML

EML

NEL

F

C

A

P

S


ITIL and Service Management


• Information Technology Infrastructure Library or IT Infrastructure Library

Developed by UK government, now owned by Office of Govt. Commerce (OGC)

Framework (concepts and policies) applicable to improving network management practices

Infrastructure management

Development

Operations

• ITIL is published in a series of books, each on an IT management practice

• Other frameworks exist—Enterprise Computing Institute’s library, Framework for ICT Technical Support (FITS), IBM Tivoli Unified Process Model (ITUP), COBIT, etc.

• With increased focus on application availability and performance and the Network Operation Center (NOC) transitioning to an Integrated Operations Center (IOC), ITIL provides an applicable framework


ITIL v1

• Collection of books each covering a specific practice in service management

• Grew to over 30 volumes, unmanageable and unaffordable

ITIL v2

• First two of eight books for service management

Service Delivery

Service Support

• Five books for operational guidance and an implementation planner

• Ninth book added for ITIL Small-Scale Implementation


• ITIL v3 (current) consists of five volumes

AKA ITIL Refresh Project

Five phases of a life cycle

No phase (practice) can stand alone

• Some vocabulary is critical, most has morphed as people wrote books, provided training, etc.

Will emphasize areas where proper usage is critical

Service

Strategy

Design

Transitio

n

Op

era

tion


• Services—way to deliver value to customers by achieving outcomes they want without ownership of costs and risks

Dry cleaning, Internet services, car wash, hair salon

• Service management—set of specialized organizational capabilities for providing services

Function—teams or groups of people and their tools to perform a process or activity

Roles—responsibilities defined in a process and assigned to a person or team

Process—structured set of activities designed to meet a specific objective

Process owner—accountable for quality of a service

Service owner—accountable for delivery of a service


• Most projects fail because of lack of planning and management…

• … and management sometimes forgets that it is people who run businesses


Five Practices (Phases) with Processes as Second Priority

Service

Strategy

Design

Transitio

n

Op

era

tion


• An official introduction and five books, each a core phase

Service strategy

Service design

Service transition

Service operation

Service continual improvement

• Every service goes through all five phases during its lifecycle

New (initial launch)

Additions (enhancements)

Deletions (sunset)


Enhanced Telecom Operations Map (eTOM)


• Developed as part of the NGOSS program from the TeleManagement™ Forum

• Provides a business process (i.e., ITIL functions) framework to guide the development and management of key processes for a telecom services provider

• Offers a catalog of industry-standard names and descriptions

• Started as TOM in 1995, focused on just operational process needs

• Added strategic, marketing, and product lifecycle planning as part of eTOM

• Aid the end-to-end automation of information and communications services using the holistic eTOM process framework


(Process Layering vs. Lifecycle View)

Service

Strategy

Design

Transitio

n

Op

era

tion


eTOM ITIL

Context Business process framework for SPs

(product providers), in the information,

communications, and entertainment sectors.

Products (services) to their customers,

consumer internally of ITIL services

Concentrates on IT service mgmt,

independent of the business or industry

sector

Objectives Provides a business process blueprint for

SPs to streamline their end-to-end

processes

Enables effective communications and

common vocabularies within the SP and

with customers and supplier

Aligns IT services with current and future

needs of business and customer

Improves the quality of IT services

delivered

Reduces long-term cost of service

provision

Scope Provides a top-down hierarchical view of

business processes across the SP

Focuses on identifying commonality among

processes for similar services (e.g.,

telephony, HSD, mobiles)

Focuses on service delivery to external

customers

Represents flows in a number of key

operational areas

Offers advice/guidance on the

implementation and continued delivery of

service management

Focuses on serving internal IT customers

and external customers


eTOM ITIL

Adoption Adopted by ITU International

Standards for the Telecom Sector

and used by many SPs

Used as a set of best practices by over

10,000 companies including some SPs

Used by many SPs for incident

management and service desks

Implementation Implemented differently by each SP

as it is a framework

Supported by TMF/NGOSS

specifications

Also a framework

Provides implementation guidelines in

v3 as earlier versions did not provide

guidelines or ways to assess maturity

Compliance Achieved through the TMF/NGOSS

Compliance Program with

certification on tools, not on

organizations and processes

No such thing as “ITIL compliant” as

ITIL is not a standard nor a set of

regulations. Processes and

organizations, not tools, can be

assessed and certified against ISO/BS

15000, the IT Service Management

Standard based on ITIL.


• TMF/eTOM team formed in mid-2004 to develop guidelines to relate the two programs

Provide information on mapping from one view to the other

Focus initially on the ITIL incident management area

Published a TMF Technical Report, An Interpreter’s Guide for eTOM and ITIL Practitioners

Terminology comparisons

Mapping between processes

Business benefits of a combined approach

Published TMF TR 143, Building Bridges: ITIL and eTOM (August 2008)

• SPs able to show compliance with ITIL without using the ITIL processes

• Frameworks are complementary


• ITIL moved from government support to IT Service Management Forum (ITSMF)

Push to formalize ITIL from its current set of loose and sometimes inconsistent verbal definitions

Drive for convergence with the TMF NGOSS community

Projected in 2005 that ITIL would be more consistent, formal, and better fitted to support operational management technologies in a year (changes did not happen)

• Reality is that some knowledge of eTOM is likely required to talk with SPs

You will see ITIL processes for service operation

ITIL processes will be mapped within eTOM

SPs will be conversant in eTOM

ITIL is NOT just for enterprise


• The best mix of both!


Marketing & Offer Management

Service Development & Management

Resource Development & Management

(Application, Computing and Network)

Supply Chain Development & Management

Customer Relationship Management

Service Management & Operations

Resource Management & Operations

(Application, Computing & Network)

Supplier/Partner Relationship Management

Strategy, Infrastructure & Product Operations

Strategy &

Commit

Infrastructure

Lifecycle

Mgmt

Product

Lifecycle

Mgmt

Operations

Support &

Readiness

Fulfillment Assurance Billing

Strategy, Infrastructure & Product

Enterprise Management

Strategic & Enterprise

Planning

Enterprise Risk

Management

Enterprise Effectiveness

Management

Knowledge & Research

Management

Financial & Asset

Management

Stakeholder & External

Relations Management

Human Resources

Management

SP Business

Process Needs

IT Good Practice

Needs

Service

Strategy

Design

Transitio

n

Op

era

tion

Filter &

Reconcile

eTOM

Process Flows

ITIL Best

Practices

eTOM Business Flows

that Deliver ITIL Good

Practice Services


• Improved time to resolve through cause identification

• Productivity improvement for fault diagnosis

• Improved visibility in real time

• Proactively manage impact to the business (IT calls the business)

• Event management process and systems can be leveraged for security management

• A recent study of 200+ Cisco customers showed that fault management was important


Source: Cisco NMTG Market Intelligence and Enterprise Management Associates

How important are the following network management capabilities?

Using a scale from 1 to 5, where 1=unimportant and 5=very important.

Base: All Enterprise/Mid-

market respondents (n=275)

54%

% Saying Very Important

Enterprise Mid-market

41%

52%

54%

54%

79%

52%

54%

55%

56%

57%

61%

63%

74%

49%

47%

Inventory and asset

management

Traffic bottleneck

analysis

Configuration

management

Ability to manage

multi-vendor network

hardware

Network

optimization/capacity

planning

Performance

management

Fault detection/root

cause analysis

Security and risk

management


Most Time Consuming Tasks

19%

13%

31%

34%

27%

34%

42%

47%

50%

16%

18%

21%

21%

26%

35%

48%

48%

63%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Maintaining usernames & passwords

Adding new devices

Controlling user access

Learning to use new mgmt software

Capacity planning

Updating new devices w/ new OS & new config parameters

Diagnosis/troubleshooting security problems

Diagnosis/troubleshooting traffic congestion

Diagnosis/troubleshooting fault problems

Enterprise

Mid-market

Source: Cisco NMTG Market Intelligence and Enterprise Management Associates

Base: All Enterprise respondents (n=185)

Which are the three most time consuming network management tasks within

your organization?

% Saying in Top 3


Common SP Organizational Structures


SP Network

Organization

Architecture

NOC

Network

Network

Operations

Architecture

Engineering

Network

Engineering

Solution

Designers

(Presales)

Tier 1 Tier 2/3

Support

Engineers

Infrastructure

Architects Implementation

Engineers

Engineering


• The organization can be broadly broken down into three areas of responsibility:

Architecture

Network

Network Operations

Architecture

Engineering

Ca

pa

city

Pla

nn

ing

Engin

eer

Infra

stru

ctu

re

Arc

hite

ct

Solu

tion D

esig

n

Engin

eer

Network

Operations

Advanced N

OC

Support

Engin

eer T

ier 3

NO

C S

upport E

ngin

eer

Technolo

gy S

pecia

list

NO

C S

upport E

ngin

eer

Tie

r 2

NO

C S

upport T

echnic

ian

Tie

r 2

Netw

ork

Managem

en

t

Engin

eer

Network

Engineering

Imple

menta

tion

Engin

eer

Fie

ld E

ngin

eer

Security

Engin

eer


Network Management Engineer

NOC Support Technician – Tier 1

NOC Support Engineer – Tier 2

NOC Support Engineer – Technology Specialist

Advanced NOC Support Engineer – Tier 3

Architecture

Engineering

Ca

pa

city

Pla

nn

ing

Engin

eer

Infra

stru

ctu

re

Arc

hite

ct

Solu

tion D

esig

n

Engin

eer

Network

Operations

Advanced N

OC

Support

Engin

eer T

ier 3

NO

C S

up

port E

ng

ine

er

Technolo

gy S

pecia

list

NO

C S

upport E

ngin

eer

Tie

r 2

NO

C S

upport T

echnic

ian

Tie

r 2

Netw

ork

Managem

en

t

Engin

eer

Network

Engineering

Imple

menta

tion

Engin

eer

Fie

ld E

ngin

eer

Security

Engin

eer


Solution Design Engineer

Infrastructure Architect

Capacity Planning Engineer

Security Engineer

Implementation Engineer

Field Engineer

Network

Operations

Advanced N

OC

Support

Engin

eer T

ier 3

NO

C S

upport E

ngin

eer

Technolo

gy S

pecia

list

NO

C S

upport E

ngin

eer

Tie

r 2

NO

C S

upport T

echnic

ian

Tie

r 2

Netw

ork

Managem

en

t

Engin

eer

Network

Engineering

Imple

menta

tion

Engin

eer

Fie

ld E

ngin

eer

Security

Engin

eer

Architecture

Engineering

Ca

pa

city

Pla

nn

ing

Engin

eer

Infra

stru

ctu

re

Arc

hite

ct

Solu

tion D

esig

n

Engin

eer

Thank you.

cisco vnp workshop 16-17 april v1-0

Technology

system architecture

evolved packet

rights reserved

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