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7/5/2015 CirebonRegencyWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

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CirebonRegency

CirebonRegencyLogo

Motto:RAMEINGGAWESUCIINGPAMRIH

LocationofCirebonRegencyinIndonesia

Coordinates:645S10823E

Country IndonesiaProvince WestJava

GovernmentRegent Drs.H.SunjayaPurwadiSastra,M.M.,

M.Si.

AreaTotal 988.28km2(381.58sqmi)

Population(2010Census)Total 2,068,116Density 2,100/km2(5,400/sqmi)

Timezone WIB(UTC+7)Areacode(s)

0231

Licenseplate

E

Website http://www.cirebonkab.go.id

CirebonRegencyFromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

CirebonRegencyisaregency(kabupaten)ofWestJava,Indonesia.Sumberisitscapital.TheareaandpopulationexcludesthoseofCirebonCity,whichisanindependentadministration,althoughtotallysurroundedbytheregencyonitslandwardside.

TheCirebonregionisrenownedfortheproductionofvarioustypesofmangoes.Thereareplanstosupporttheexpansionofmangoproductionintheregionbothforexportaswellasforthedomesticmarket.Mangoproductioniscurrentlyconcentratedinjustafewpartsoftheregency.Localfarmersandofficialsbelievethereisconsiderablepotentialtoexpandproductiontoothernearbypartsofthelocality.[1]

Contents

1BorderingRegencies2Administrativedistricts3Etymology4History5Demographics6CampaignforCirebonProvince7Culture

7.1Artsandcrafts7.2Performingarts7.3Courtculture7.4Cuisine

8Administration9Economy10Publicservice11Health12Orientationandplaces13References14Externallinks

BorderingRegencies

CirebonRegencyisborderedbytheJavaSeatothenortheast,byIndramayuRegencytothenorth,MajalengkaRegencytothewest,KuninganRegencytothesouth,andBrebesRegency(inCentralJavaProvince)totheeast.

Administrativedistricts

CirebonRegency

Coordinates:645S10823E



CirebonRegencyinWestJava.

CirebonRegency(excludingCirebonCity)isdividedintofortydistricts(kecamatan),listedbelowwiththeirpopulationsatthe2010Census:[2]

DistrictPopulation

2010Census

Waled 52,659Pasaleman 24,968Ciledug 42,174Pabuaran 33,696Losari 54,101Pabedilan 51,475Babakan 62,312Gebang 57,605Karangsembung 34,450Karangwareng 26,563

DistrictPopulation

2010Census

Lemahabang 50,751Susukanlebak 37,010Sedong 39,429Astanajapura 75,737Pangenan 43,001Mundu 73,591Beber 36,521Greged 51,073Talun 62,819Sumber 80,959

DistrictPopulation

2010Census

Dukupuntang 60,356Palimanan 55,609Plumbon 73,416Depok 57,071Weru 64,213Plered 51,092TengahTani 39,381Kedawung 62,245Gunungjati 77,918Kapetakan 51,601

DistrictPopulation

2010Census

Suranenggala 41,386Klangenan 51,028Jamblang 35,240Arjawinangun 62,813Panguragan 42,637Ciwaringin 38,096Gempol 43,266Susukan 62,329Gegesik 69,598Kaliwedi 35,996

ThefivedistrictswhicharewithinCireboncityareHarjamukti,Kejaksan,Kesambi,Lemahwungkuk,andPekalipan.

Etymology

Beingontheborderof"Sunda"(i.e.,WestJava)and"Jawa"(i.e.,CentralJava),manyofCirebon'sresidentsspeakadialectthatisamixofSundaneseandJavanese,anditisthoughtthattheword"cirebon"derivesfromtheJavaneseword,caruban,meaning"mixed",areferencetothecity'smixofSundanese,Javanese,Chinese,andArabicculturalelements.Alternatively,itcouldbederivedfromtheSundanesewordsof"Ci"(waterorriver)and"Rebon"("shrimp").[3](Indeedthemainproductionofthecityisfisheryincludingshrimps.

Asidefromfishery,itsharbour,TanjungEmas,ontheJavaSeahasbeenamajorhubfortimberfromBorneo.Asmalllandingsite"Penggung"alsoservestheTNIAU.ThecityliesonJalurPantura(PantaiUtaraJawa),amajorroadonthenortherncoastofJavathatstretchesfromAnyer,passesthroughJakarta,andendsatSurabaya.



History

AccordingtothemanuscriptPurwakaCarubanNagari,in15thcenturyCirebonstartedasasmallfishingvillagenamedMuaraJati.AtthattimetheportofMuaraJatialreadyattractedforeigntraders.TheportmasteratthattimeisKiGedengAlangAlangappointedbythekingofGaluhkingdomlocatedinlandinKawali,Ciamis.KiGedengAlangAlangmovedtheporttoLemahwungkuk,5kilometressouthward.Asthenewsettlementleader,KiGedengAlangAlangwasbestowedthetitle"KuwuCerbon"(Cerbonvillageleader).

AprincefromPajajaran,PrinceWalangsungsang,converttoIslam,andwasappointedasAdipatiofCirebonwiththetitleCakrabumi.HeestablishedthenewkingdomofCirebonanddeclaredindependencefromGaluh.TheestablishmentofCirebonsultanatemarkedthefirstIslamicruleinWesternJava,thatgrewfrommodestfishingvillageofMuaraJatitoabusyportofJavanortherncoast.[4]CirebongrewasoneoftheindependentsultanatesundertheleadershipofSunanGunungjati,intheearly16thcentury.

ThekingdomsofBantenandMataramfoughtoverCirebon,whichdeclareditsallegiancetoSultanAgungofMataram.ButthelaterMataramkingcededthecitytotheDutchinthe1677.[3]Atreatyin1705sawCirebonbecomeaDutchprotectoratejointlyadministeredbythreesultanswhosecourtsrivalledthoseofCentralJava.[3]

DuringthetimeoftheDutch"CultureSystem"aflourishingtradeincolonialcashcropsattractedmanyChineseentrepreneursandtheChineseinfluenceisstillevidentinthebatikforwhichCirebonisfamous.[3]Cirebonsufferedafaminein1844,apparentlytriggeredbyacombinationofdroughtandtheshiftfromsubsistenceagriculturetocashcrops,particularlyindigoandsugarcane.

Demographics

Thecity'spopulationwas298,224attheIndonesiaCensusof2010.[5]AswithothercoastalcitiesinIndonesia,alargepopulationofethnicChinesehasflockedintothecityasaresultoflongtermChineseimmigrationsincethe17thcentury.SignificantsuburbsliewithindenselypopulatedCirebonRegency,andtheofficialmetropolitanareaencompassesthisentireregencyaswellasthecity.AsmanyinIndonesiastillgobyonenameasintradition,thecountryisfacingamajoroverhaulofitsidentificationcards(id:KartuTandaPendudukelektronik),newdataischallenging2010populationcensusfigures,howevertheaccuracyvisavisthecensusremainsunknown.

Administrativedivision

Area(km)

Population(2010Census)

SIAKDatabase(2011)

Populationdensity2010(/km)

Cirebon(Kota) 37.54 298,224 329,669 7,944.1CirebonRegency 988.28 2,068,116 2,388,562 2,100GreaterCirebon 1,025.82 2,366,340 2,696,009 2,306.8

sources:(BudanPusatStatistik2010CensusIndonesia)

http://www.bps.go.id/aboutus.php?sp=0&kota=32TabelHasilSensusPenduduk2010ProvinsiJAWABARAThttp://www.jabarprov.go.id/index.php/subMenu/75Sumber:DatabaseSIAKProvinsiJawaBaratTahun2011

AlthoughsurroundedbySundanesespeakingareasinWestJava,linguistshavestatedclearlythatCirebon(andthehistoricallyrelatedregionofSerangcityinBantenProvince)areJavaneselanguageareas.Inaddition,thisissupportedbytheCirebonpeoplereferringtothemselvesas"wongJawa"("Javanesepeople"),andtotheirlanguage



DetailofskirtfromCirebon,early20thcentury,coton,tulisbatik,attheHonoluluAcademyofArts

as"basaJawa"("Javanese").However,theCirebondialectissufficientlydifferentfromthedominantsouthcentralJavanesedialectthatitissometimesassumedtobenonJavanesebyoutsiders.

CampaignforCirebonProvince

SomeofthelocalpoliticaleliteinCirebonandsurroundingregencieshavecampaignedforCireboncity,togetherwiththeregenciesofCirebon,Indramayu,KuninganandMajalengkatobeestablishedasanewprovinceinthesamewayasBantenProvincewasformedbysplittingitawayfromWestJava.[6]Tobeanewprovinceitisrequiredthatitshouldbeproposedbyatleastthreeregencies.Leadersfromfouroftheseadministrationshavegiventheirconsent,butMajalengkaRegencyhasturneddowntheideaandindicatedthatitwouldprefertostaypartofWestJava.However,thelackofsupportfromtheMajalengkaareadoesnotprecludeCireboncityandtheotherthreeregenciesfromcontinuingtopromotetheidea.[7]

ThepotentialsizeandpopulationofthispossibleProvincewouldbeasfollows:

Name Capital AreainSquarekmPopulation2010Census

Population2011SIAKDB

CirebonCity Cirebon 37.54 298,224 329,669CirebonRegency Sumber 988.28 2,068,116 2,388,562IndramayuRegency Indramayu 2,000.99 1,658,315 2,001,520KuninganRegency Kuningan 1,178.58 1,037,836 1,269,135MajalengkaRegency Majalengka 1,204.24 1,168,337 1,243,439Totals 5,409.63 6,230,828 7,210,103

Culture

CirebonitselfisknownasGrageintheCirebondialectofJavaneselanguage,whichcamefromthewords"NegaraGede",meaning"GreatKingdom."Asaportcity,Cirebonattractsettlersfromaroundandoverseasalike.CirebonculturewasdescribedasJavaPasisiran(coastal)culture,similarwiththoseofBanten,Batavia,Pekalongan,andSemarang,withnotableinfluencesmixtureofChinese,ArabicIslamic,andEuropeaninfluences.

Artsandcrafts

BatiktextilesfromCirebonareparticularlyrenowned.ThenotableoneisCirebonbatikwithvividcolorswithmotifsandpattersthatclearlydemonstrateChineseandlocalinfluences.ChineseinfluencescanbeseeninCirebon'sculture,mostnotablytheCirebonbatikMegamendungpatternthatresemblesChinesecloudimagery.TheTrusmiareaiswellknownastheproductioncenterofCirebonbatik.TheglasspaintingartalsohasbeenknownasCirebonartsandcraft.TheimageryusuallyderivedfromwayangthemetoIslamiccalligraphy.

Performingarts

TheTariTopengCirebon,orCirebonmaskdance,isadancestylepeculiartothecity.TopengCirebonmaskdance,inspiredbyJavanesePanjicyclesisoneofnotableCirebontraditionaldanceandquitefamouswithinIndonesiandances.



Kuegapit,oneofthekuefromCirebon

CirebonculturealsoinfluencedbyIslamicMiddleEasternculture,suchastheBurokantraditionwherepeopleheldtheimageofburaqtraditionallymadefrombambooframeandpaperskin,orothermaterialsaroundthevillageaccompaniedwithmusic.ThetraditionsonheldbamboostatuesissimilarwithSundaneseSisingaan,BetawiOndelondel,orBalineseOgohogoh,yetdifferinitsIslamictheme.Burokanusuallyheldduringfestiveoccasionsuchascircumcisionormarriage,accompaniedbypopularCirebonfolksongs,suchastarling.

TarlingisamusicaltraditionreminiscentofBandung'skecapisulingmusicwithexceptthatitfeaturesguitar,suling(bambooflute)andvoice.[3]Thenamederivedfromgitar(guitar),andsuling(flute).

Courtculture

TheremnantsofCirebonsultanateKasepuhan,Kanoman,Kaprabonan,andKacirebonankeratonsarenowrunasculturalinstitutiontopreserveCirebonculture.EachstillheldtheirtraditionalceremoniesandbecomethepatronsofCirebonarts.SomeofroyalsymbolsofCirebonSultanatedescribetheirlegacyandinfluences.ThebannerofCirebonSultanateiscalled"MacanAli"(Ali'spanther)withArabiccalligraphyarrangedtoresembleapantherortiger,describebothIslamicinfluenceandalsoHinduPajajaranSundaneseKingSiliwangitigerbanner.Althoughdidnotheldrealpoliticalpoweranymore,theroyallineageofCirebonstillwellrespectedandheldinhighprestigeamongthepeopleofCirebon.

TheroyalcarriageofKasepuhan'sSingaBarongandKanoman'sPaksiNagaLimancarriageresemblethechimeraofthreeanimalseagle,elephant,anddragon,tosymbolyzeIndianHinduism,ArabicIslam,andChineseinfluences.TheimagesofMacanAli,SingaBarongandPaksiNagaLimanalsooftenfeaturedaspatterninCirebonbatik.

Cuisine

Asacoastalcity,Cirebon'smainindustryisfishery.Itsproductsincludeterasi(shrimppaste),petis,krupukudang(shrimpcrackers)andvarioussaltedfish.Cirebonisfamousforitsgoodqualitysaltedfishes,suchasjambalroti,juhi(saltedcuttlefish),rebonandebi(driedsmallshrimp).Theseproductsoftenbeingseekbyvisitors,especiallyIndonesiandomestictouristandvisitorsfromothercities,asoleholeh(foodsouvenirs/gift).

Cirebonisalsoknownforitslocalcuisinesanddelicacies,suchasempalgentong(akindofmeatandoffalcurry),nasilengko(ricemixedwithbeansprouts,friedtofu,friedtempeh,toppedwithpeanutsauceandsoysauce),nasijamblang(riceofvarioussidedishes),tahugejrot(friedtofuwithgroundgarlic,chiliandshallot,toppedwiththinandsweetsoysauce),tahupetis(dryfriedtofuservedwithpetisdipsauce),tahutektek(friedtofutoppedwithpeanutsauceandmixedwithvegetables)andayampanggang(barbecuechicken).Anothernativefoodis"Docang"(lontongwithsourvegetablesoup).

Thesnackkuegapitoriginatesfromtheregion.[8]

Administration

Cirebonisdividedintofivesubdistricts:Harjamukti,Kejaksan,Kesambi,Lemahwungkuk,andPekalipan.

Economy



CirebonCityeconomyisinfluencedbythestrategicgeographicallocationandcharacteristicsofnaturalresourcessothatthestructureofitseconomydominatedbymanufacturing,trade,hotelsandrestaurants,transportandcommunicationsandservicesectors.TomPiresintheSumaOrientalaroundtheyear1513mentionsCirebonisoneofthetradecenterontheislandofJava.AfterCirebontakenoverbytheDutchEastIndiesgovernment,in1859,designatedasatransitportofCirebonimportexportgoodsandthepoliticalcontrolcenterfortheregionintheinteriorofJava.

Until2001,theeconomiccontributiontotheCityofCirebonisaprocessingindustry(41.32%),followedbytrade,hotelsandrestaurants(29.8%),transportandcommunicationssector(13.56%),servicessector(6.06%).Whileothersectors(9.26%)includingmining,agriculture,construction,electricity,gasandanaverageof23%.

Publicservice

Nearly93%ofthepopulationhasbeenunderservedbyservicewaterfromPDAMCirebon,themajorityofcustomersinthecity'swatersupplytohouseholds(90.37%orasmanyas59,006)ofthetotalnumberofexistingconnections(65,287).[9]

Health

SincetheDutchEastIndiesgovernment,CirebonCityhashadahospitalnamedOrange,whichunveileditsuseonAugust31,1921andcommencedoperationsfromSeptember1,1921.

In2009inthecityofCirebonhasbeenavailableabout6generalhospitals,fourmaternityhospitals,21healthcenters,15healthcentersMaid,20MobileHealthCenter,and81PharmaciesandDrugStores31.Withthenumberofmedicalpersonnelsuchasspecialistdoctorsabout94people,and116generalpractitioners,37dentists,847nursesand278midwives.[10]

Orientationandplaces

ThemainboulevardisJalanSiliwangianditrunsfromthetrainstationtothecanalviathePasarPagi("MorningMarket"),andthenthestreetbecomesJalanKaranggetasalongwhicharemostofCirebon'sbanks,restaurants,andhotels.ThereareanumberofhistoricbuildingsandotherkeysitesinCirebon,someoftheminanadvancedstateofdecay,includingthebuildingsoftheseveralkratons,theSangCiptaRasaGrandMosque,andtheGuaSunyaragiPark.[11]

WaliSongo,especiallySunanGunungJati,isknowntohaveinfluencedthecity'shistory.SunanGunungJati'sgraveislocatedseveralkilometresoutsidethecityintheGunungJatidistrict.TherearetwotemplesandacavesystembuiltbytwoChinesearchitectsaroundthe1880s,decoratedbyChineseandWesternporcelain.ThevillageofTrusmi,aboutfivekilometersoutsideofCirebon,hasbeennotedforbatikproduction.Plangonisahabitatofmonkeys.

MtCeremai,thehighestpeakinWestJava,isalargevolcanosituatedabout40kmtothesouthofCirebon.ParksandothertouristspotsontheslopesofMtCeremaiarepopularplacesforgroupsfromCirebontovisitduringweekendstoescapefromthehotterclimateonthecoast.ThevillageofLinggajati,nearthetownofCilimus,wheretheLinggadjatiAgreementwassignedisonesuchplacewhichbusloadsoftouristscallinat.

References1. NanaRukmanaandHyginusHardoyo,'InCirebon,theroadtowealthmaybepavedwithmangoes'



(http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/11/21/incirebonroadwealthmaybepavedwithmangoes.html),TheJakartaPost,21November2012andNanaRukmana,'Cirebontoexapndmangogrovesby10,000hectares'(http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/08/03/cirebonexpandmangogroves10000hectares.html),TheJakartaPost,3August2012.

2. BiroPusatStatistik,Jakarta,2011.3. Turner,Peter(November1995).Java.Melbourne:LonelyPlanet.p.229.ISBN0864423144.4. "ProfilSejarahPemerintahan"(http://www.cirebonkota.go.id/index.php/profil/sejarah/sejarahpemerintahan/).

Cirebonkota.go.id.5. "BandungKotaTerpadatdiJawaBarat|nusa|Tempo.co"

(http://www.tempointeraktif.com/hg/bandung/2010/09/01/brk,20100901275625,id.html).Tempointeraktif.com.20100901.Retrieved20120523.

6. AryaDipa,CouncilurgedtoendorseformationofCirebonprovince'(http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/05/31/councilurgedendorseformationcirebonprovince.html),TheJakartaPost,31May2012.

7. "MasyarakatMajalengkaTolakProvinsiBaru"(http://www.mediaindonesia.com/read/2012/02/21/299930/289/101/MasyarakatMajalengkaTolakProvinsiBaru).February21,2012.

8. IdaRomlah(4August2014)."TerusBerinovasidenganRasaKueGapit"[AlwaysInnovatingwithFlavorsofKueGapit](http://www.webcitation.org/6ZM1DYgtH).Kompas(inIndonesian).Archivedfromtheoriginal(http://travel.kompas.com/read/2014/08/04/174300827/Terus.Berinovasi.dengan.Rasa.Kue.Gapit)on17June2015.Retrieved17June2015.

9. "ProfileCirebon"(http://ciptakarya.pu.go.id/profil/profil/barat/jabar/cirebon.pdf)(PDF).Ciptakarya.pu.go.id.10. "Cirebonhealthdata"(http://www.cirebonkota.go.id/wpcontent/uploads/2011/05/B5KES.pdf)(PDF).11. NanaRukmana,'52Cirebonhistoricbuildingsinperil'(http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/07/16/52cirebon

historicbuildingsperil.html),TheJakartaPost,16July2012.

Externallinks

Officialsite(http://www.cirebonkab.go.id/)Witton,Patrick(2003).Indonesia(7thedition).Melbourne:LonelyPlanet.p.200.ISBN1740591542.

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